西安旅游英文导游词【精选20篇】

介绍故宫的英文导游词范文

Dear:

Lying at the center of Beijing， the Forbidden City， called Gu Gong， in Chinese， was the imperial palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Now known as the Palace Museum， it is to the north of Tiananmen Square. Rectangular in shape， it is the world‘s largest palace complex and covers 74 hectares. Surrounded by a six meter deep moat and a ten meter high wall are 9，999 buildings. The wall has a gate on each side. Opposite the Tiananmen Gate， to the north is the Gate of Devine Might (Shenwumen)， which faces Jingshan Park. The distance between these two gates is 960 meters， while the distance between the gates in the east and west walls is 750 meters. There are unique and delicately structured towers on each of the four corners of the curtain wall. These afford views over both the palace and the city outside. The Forbidden City is divided into two parts. The southern section， or the Outer Court was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. The northern section， or the Inner Court was where he lived with his royal family. Until 1924 when the last emperor of China was driven from the Inner Court， fourteen emperors of the Ming dynasty and ten emperors of the Qing dynasty had reigned here. Having been the imperial palace for some five centuries， it houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. Listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987， the Palace Museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions world wide.

Construction of the palace complex began in 1407， the 5th year of the Yongle reign of the third emperor of the Ming dynasty. It was completed fourteen years later in 1420. It was said that a million workers including one hundred thousand artisans were driven into the long-term hard labor. Stone needed was quarried from Fangshan， a suburb of Beijing. It was said a well was dug every fifty meters along the road in order to pour water onto the road in winter to slide huge stones on ice into the city. Huge amounts of timber and other materials were freighted from faraway provinces. Ancient Chinese people displayed their very considerable skills in building the Forbidden City. Take the grand red city wall for example. It has an 8.6 meters wide base reducing to 6.66 meters wide at the top. The angular shape of the wall totally frustrates attempts to climb it. The bricks were made from white lime and glutinous rice while the cement is made from glutinous rice and egg whites. These incredible materials make the wall extraordinarily strong.

Since yellow is the symbol of the royal family， it is the dominant color in the Forbidden City. Roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles; decorations in the palace are painted yellow; even the bricks on the ground are made yellow by a special process. However， there is one exception. Wenyuange， the royal library， has a black roof. The reason is that it was believed black represented water then and could extinguish fire.

Nowadays， the Forbidden City， or the Palace Museum is open to tourists from home and abroad. Splendid painted decoration on these royal architectural wonders， the grand and deluxe halls， with their surprisingly magnificent treasures will certainly satisfy "modern civilians".

Dear friends

Hello everyone, welcome to Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan Province. Myname is Liu x, the guide of Zhengzhou Tianxia travel agency. This is our driver,master Zou. During your tour in Zhengzhou, master Zou and I will provide youwith services. I wish you a wonderful and unforgettable time in Zhengzhou.

Zhengzhou is the capital of Henan Province and the political, economic andcultural center of Henan Province. It is located in the hinterland of China andamong the nine prefectures. It is adjacent to the surging Yellow River in thenorth, the majestic Songshan Mountain in the west, and the Huanghuai Plain onthe edge of Guangtian in the East and West. It is known as "the center of themajestic peak and the dangerous airspace".

Zhengzhou belonged to Yuzhou in ancient times. In 1027 BC, after the kingdestroyed Yin on Friday, he sealed his northern Guan Shuxian here and became theGuan state. After the Qin Dynasty destroyed the six states, there was a county,which belonged to Sanchuan county. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was Guancheng.In the third year of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty, Zhengzhou was named, which isthe beginning of the title of Zhengzhou. In the Qing Dynasty, Zhengzhou waspromoted to Zhili Prefecture. In 1923, after the Beijing Han railway workersrevolution, it was known as the "27" famous city. After the liberation ofZhengzhou on October 22, 1948, Zhengzhou was set up. In 1954, the capital ofHenan Province was moved from Kaifeng to Zhengzhou, and Zhengzhou became thecapital of Henan Province.

The city has five districts under its jurisdiction and one suburbandistrict (Shangjie District), five cities and one county, with a total area of7446.2 square kilometers and a total population of about 5.8 million, of whichthe urban area is about 130 square kilometers and the urban population is about1.9 million.

Zhengzhou has convenient transportation and is an important transportationhub in China. Beijing Guangzhou railway and Longhai Railway meet here. Zhengzhounorth railway station is the largest and most modern freight marshalling stationin Asia. National Highway 107 and 310 meet here. The expressway network fromZhengzhou to all parts of the province is forming. Now tourists can go directlyto Beijing by high speed. Zhengzhou Xinzheng International Airport, newly builtin 1997, is the 21st International Airport and one of the top ten airports inChina. Zhengzhou has developed commerce and trade, known as the mall. As earlyas 1992, a nationwide "commercial war" broke out here. Todays commercial war iseven more exciting. Zhengzhou is a famous historical and cultural city approvedby the State Council, which is rich in ground and underground resources, rich inagricultural and sideline products, and developed in industry andagriculture.

Zhengzhou is known as a green city with beautiful environment and shadytrees. Especially in recent years, Zhengzhou has increased the strength of urbanconstruction, and the urban quality has been continuously improved. Zhengzhounew pull Riverside Park, Bauhinia Square and other large green space and square.Zhengzhou is rich in tourism resources, including Songshan scenic spot, Shaolintemple which is famous for its Shaolin work, Zhengzhou Yellow River touristarea, which is a good place to enjoy the charm of mother river, and ZhengzhouYellow River tourist area; There are the hometown of emperor Xuanyuan ofXinzheng, a good place for the Chinese people to seek their roots and worshiptheir ancestors, as well as the ruins of Dahe village, the ancient city of Zhengand Han, the song Mausoleum of Gongyi, the Han Tomb of Dahu Pavilion, the grottotemple, and the hometown of Du Fu. Zhengzhou has complete tourism facilities,including all kinds of star hotels, restaurants, entertainment facilities, andcolorful nightlife.

During your tour, you will get comprehensive and high-end service, feel theenthusiasm and simplicity of the Central Plains people, and understand theprofound culture of the Central Plains.

Welcome to Zhengzhou for sightseeing.

云南西双版纳旅游导游词

西双版纳在云南省的南部，面积约2万平方公里，聚居着10多个民族，其中以傣族人口最多，是傣族自治州。作为一个风景旅游胜地，西双版纳是很有特色的。下面是第一范文网小编为大家整理的云南西双版纳导游词，欢迎参考!

篇一：云南西双版纳导游词

西双版纳风景名胜区位于云南南部西双版纳傣族自治州境内，距昆明740公里。景区包括景洪县风景片区、猛海县风景片区、猛腊县风景片区三大块。 每一块内又有若干景区，共有19个风景区，800多个景点，总面积1202.13平方公里。该区有著种类繁多的动植物资源，被称之为动、植物王国。其中许 多珍稀、古老、奇特、濒危的动、植物又是西双版纳独有的，引起了国内外游客和科研工作者的极大兴趣。景观以丰富迷人的热带、亚热带雨林、季雨林、沟谷雨林风光、珍稀动物和绚丽多彩的民族文化，民族风情为主体。该区景观独特，知名度高，经国务院1982年批准定为第一批国家重点风景名胜区。

西双版纳傣族自治州位于云南省最南端，在北纬21°08′~22°36′，东经99°56′~101°50′之间，系北回归线以南，亚洲大陆向东南亚半岛过渡地带。全州总面积19184.45平方公里，人口79.6万，下辖景洪市和猛海、猛腊两县。这里居住著傣、哈尼、布朗、基诺、拉祜、佤、瑶等十几个民族， 其中傣族占1/3，汉族占1/3， 其他民族占1/3。与老挝、缅甸接壤，国境线长1069公里。

西双版纳距省会昆明约700馀公里，乘汽车两天或一昼夜可到达。版纳机场可起降“波音737”飞机，每天有从昆明到西双版纳的直达航班，空中飞行时间约50分钟， 另外辟有从成都、重庆、曼谷等城市到西双版纳的直达包机航缐。境内公路四通八达，十分方便。 西双版纳这个名称，是明代隆庆四年(1570年)，宣慰司(当地最高的行政长官)把辖区分?十二个“版纳”(傣语“十二”?“西双”，“版纳”?一 千亩之意，即一个版纳?一个徵收赋役的单位)。从此便有了“西双版纳”这一傣语名称。

西双版纳是国家44处重点风景名胜区之一，有著300多万亩自然保护区，其中70万亩是保护完好的大原始森林，森林占全州总面积近60%， 到处青山绿水，郁郁葱葱，以其美丽和富饶闻名遐迩。

西双版纳境内共有植物二万多种，其中属热带植物5000多种，有食用植物一万多种，野生水果50多种，速生珍贵用材树40多种。许多 植物是珍贵用材或具有特殊用途，如抗癌药物美登木、嘉兰;治高血压的罗芙木;健胃虫的槟榔;风吹楠的种子油是高寒地区坦克、汽车 发动机和石油钻探增粘降凝双效添加剂的特需润滑油料;桐子油可替代柴油;被誉为“花中之王”依兰香可制成高级香料;有1700多年前的古茶树;有天然的“水壶”、“雨伞“;会闻乐起舞、会吃蚊虫的小草……

广大茂密的森林，给各种野生动物提供了理想的生息场所，目前已知有鸟类429种，占全国鸟类总数2/3，兽类67种，占全国兽类总数的16%， 西双版纳鸟兽种类之多，是国内其他地方无法相比的。其中被列为世界性保护动物的有亚洲象、兀鹫、印支虎、金钱豹等;有国家一级保护动物野牛、羚羊、 懒猴等13种，还有许多二、三类保护动物。

西双版纳还盛产橡胶，是全国第二大胶区、橡胶单产居全国之首，另外还盛产大米、多种热带水果和砂仁等珍贵药材，是名副其实的“植物王国”、 “动物王国”、“绿色王国”、“南药王国”。

到版纳旅游，有时会看到美丽的孔雀、白鹇、犀鸟在林中飞翔;有时会看到大象在公路上漫步;有时会看到羚羊、野鹿、野兔在奔跑……那情那景，真叫 人开心，这是在其他地方难以想象得到的奇观和乐趣啊!

西双版纳属热带雨林气候，日照充足，雨量充沛，一年内分干季和湿季，年平均气温在21℃。干季从11月至翌年4月，温季从5月至10月。终年无霜雪。 年雾日达108—146天。景洪地区极端最高气温达41.1℃，极端最低气温2.7℃，常年适於旅游观光。 傣族的历史悠久，在长期的生活中创造了灿烂的文化，尤以傣历、傣文和绚丽多采的民族民间文学艺术著称於世。早在 一千多年前，傣族的先民就在贝叶、绵纸上写下了许多优美动人的神话传说、寓言故事、小说、诗歌等，仅用傣文写的长诗就有550馀部。《召树屯与楠木诺娜》、 《葫芦信》等是其代表作，被改编成电影、戏剧等，深受群众的喜爱。

傣族的舞具有很高的艺术水平和鲜明的民族特色，动作为多类比和美化动物的举止，如流行广泛 的“孔雀舞”、“象脚鼓舞”等。 傣族的音乐悦耳动听，除了为舞蹈伴奏外，常与诗歌相结合。雕刻、绘画也具有鲜明的特点。傣族信仰上座部佛教，在傣族地区， 佛塔和佛寺随处可见。傣族民居——竹楼，是我国现存最典型的干栏式建筑，造型古雅别致，住在里面清凉舒爽。

傣族男子有纹身的习俗，表示勇敢、美观，亦能吸引异性的爱慕。 具有特色的旅游纪念品有：傣包、傣锦(绣花埝单、枕头、筒裙)、陶瓷水罐、竹篾饭盒、银腰带、筒巴、各种民族服装、花包、绣花腰包、木雕、鹅石工艺等。至于别有风味的傣味菜，那是每一个游客都要品尝一番的。临别，你千万不要忘了买几盒红豆(也叫相思子)回去，送给你的妻子、恋人或朋友，那是最具有特殊意义和浪漫情调的礼物啊!因此古人早就有诗云：“红豆生南国，春来发几枝，愿君多采撷，此物最相思。”

著名景点有：景洪、曼飞龙佛塔、澜沧江畔、曼阁佛寺、曼景兰旅游村、依澜度假村、猛仑植物园、民族风情园、野象谷、热带作物研究所、傣族风味菜、傣族园、景洪原始森林公园、红旗水库、打洛原始森林公园、动物奇观、植物奇观、热带雨林、傣族泼水节

知名学校有：云南省热带农业工程学校(原云南省农垦管理学校与原思茅热带作物研究学校合并办学)，是我国规模较大,分科较全的研究热带经济作物的专业学校。

共3页，当前第1页123

The Sky Pond of Changbai Mountain

The Sky Pond of Changbai Mountain, the largest crater lake, is the boundary lake between China and North Korea, as well as the source of Songhua River, Tumen River and Yalu River. It is elliptical. Its height is 21.4k㎡, with the surface area of 9.82 square kilometers, surface perimeter 13.17 km. The depth is 373 meters, with an average water depth of 204 meters. The total storage capacity is 2.04 billion cubic meters. The average evaporation is 450 mm, average annual precipitation 1333 mm. The average annual temperature here is -7.3 degrees. it is a huge natural reservoir. In 20xx, it won the Guinness world record----the volcanic lake with the highest elevation.

长城英文导游词5篇

长城是世界文化遗产,历史上长城城堡是长城沿线重要的军事类城镇,也是长城防御体系不可分割的组成部分。下面是第一范文网为大家带来的长城英文导游词，希望可以帮助大家。

1：长城英文导游词

Dear passengers, everyone! I am your tour guide lily pula, you can call me ho. This is very honored to visit the Great Wall with you.

From a distance, the Great Wall is like a huge dragon. Close look, I cant see the other end of the Great Wall. Standing on the Great Wall, beacon tower stands on the Great Wall, like a "daruma" will never fall. The Great Wall is an important ancient defense works, from yan started to build the Great Wall, the Great Wall has a history of more than 20xx years now!

There is a touching legend about the Great Wall. When building the Great Wall, in addition to need not to build the wall over the age of 60, other youth to build the Great Wall. Suzhou scholar Fan Xiliang, in order to avoid being caught by the rulers, had to be in hiding. Once, he fled to meng garden, accidentally encountered meng jiangnu. Meng jiangnu is a smart beautiful girl, she and her parents hid the Fan Xiliang together. Two old people like Fan Xiliang, meng jiangnu betrothed to his wife. But, the person and tragedies will descend, it is the unforeseen that newly married less than three days, Fan Xiliang go by officers and soldiers to catch. Later, meng jiangnu Trinidad TiaoTiaoDe came to the Great Wall to find her husband. Who knows, migrant workers told her that Fan Xiliang is dead. She was crying at the foot of the Great Wall, I dont know how long cry, listen to "bang", the Great Wall fall down a few kilometers.

The passengers, please do not throw garbage everywhere, and in the scribble on the ChengZhuan moment. We are to meet at 7 in the gate.

2：长城英文导游词

As the saying goes, "not a true man unless he comes to the Great Wall", climb the Great Wall have the constancy, and never quit the perseverance and determination, cant give up halfway! We can watch while climbing. Ill introduce the Great Wall for everybody: the Great Wall is composed of GuanCheng, beacon tower pier of watchtowers, smoke, and the barbican, wall, wall, the crenel, perforation, hole, etc. Beacon tower pier and smoke is used to transfer the situation of the enemy. In smoke on the pier burning smoke during the day, how much smoke the heap represents the number of enemy soldiers. Night cant see the smoke, a fire on the beacon tower. This way of passing information at that time is the most rapid and most effective, the beacon tower has played a very big effect.

At this moment, I saw a kid to climb on the wall. I put him down for everyone, said: "please note that cant climb on the wall, it is very dangerous. Outside the wall is dangerous mountain, its no fun to fall down!" Here, Ill tell you something about a story about the Great Wall: once upon a time, a man named meng jiangnu, she went to send clothes for repairing the husband of the Great Wall. She reached the Great Wall, but didnt find her husband. She hurriedly ask others, others say that he had been buried in the Great Wall. Her sad cry, cry for many years, finally, her tears fell the Great Wall, finally saw her husband.

The Great Wall is very beautiful, very spectacular, winding, welcome you to touring!

3：长城英文导游词

The tourists everybody is good, today Ill guide you to visit the Great Wall.

Look, far see the Great Wall it is like a long dragon, in between the mountains winding. From shanhaiguan east to west of jiayuguan, has more than thirteen thousand.

Now we have come to the Great Wall. This section of the Great Wall built in badaling, tall and strong, it is built against the huge stone and ChengZhuan. With square brick on the top of the wall, very smooth, like a wide road, WuLiuPi mark in parallel. Outside walls along the rows of buttress has two meters high, buttress on the square? At the mouth and a nozzle for? With hope and shot. On the top of the wall, every three hundred meters there is a square ChengTai, station troops fortress, war, between the ChengTai can mutual echo.

Now we are standing on the Great Wall, stepping at the foot of the square brick, holding the stone on the wall, you will naturally think of the ancient working people to build the Great Wall. Single the countless stone, a piece of have two or three one thousand catties, at that time there were no trains, cars, no crane this steep ridge, rely on countless countless hands, shoulders to the time of the working people is great.

Such boldness of vision of the male project, in the history of the world but a great miracle!

Is the majestic of the Great Wall, the male of vast gray not let us deeply intoxicated? Then let you to use your experience.

4：长城英文导游词

Dear visitors:

Everybody is good! Everybody call me weeks. Today, I take you to visit the Great Wall of world-famous. During the visit, please protect the cultural heritage, the wall graffito of the scribble not, not disorderly garbage.

Chairman MAO once said: "not a true man unless he comes to the Great Wall." As a Chinese people why dont we go visit? Right! Now we will go when men, mounted the former see head, after the end of the Great Wall. There is a touching legend about the Great Wall: intelligent and hardworking meng jiangnu, in order to find the officers and soldiers to catch to built the Great Walls husband, all the way to the Great Wall. After more than doubling about, but learned that her husband is alive dead tired! The news like a bolt from the blue, meng jiangnu cry for three days and three nights at the foot of the Great Wall, "bang" 1, the Great Wall in 800.

Now we are standing on the badaling Great Wall, stepping at the foot of the square brick, holding the stone on the wall. Tourists, look at the countless stone, a two or three one thousand catties, at that time there were no trains, cars, no crane, rely on countless countless hands, shoulders step by step, carry on the steep mountains. Look at these, you can think of the Great Wall is perhaps the epitome of many working people sweat and wisdom.

The beauty of the Great Wall, also dont say dont say it now, please walk to enjoy!

5：长城英文导游词

"North scenery, freeze, you spend a lot. Look inside and outside the Great Wall, but a more vast..." Hello everyone, I am the guide from the trip - xue guides. This time we will go to one of the historical and cultural heritage, the Great Wall.

The Great Wall from the qin dynasty began to build, to resist the invasion of the huns was built. From jiayuguan to shanhaiguan, full length more than thirteen thousand. Today well visit the Great Wall at badaling. You see, it is tall and strong, with huge stone and ChengZhuan built in. Everyone to see, on the top of the walls covered with square brick, very smooth, like a wide road, WuLiuPi mark in parallel. Outside walls along the rows of buttress has two meters high, there are square lookout on buttress mouth and nozzle, is for the benefit of the outlook and shooting. On the top of the wall, every three hundred meters there is a square ChengTai, is the bulwark of station troops. War, between the ChengTai can mutual echo.

Everyone look at the countless stone, with 2 - one thousand catties a there was no train, car, no crane, rely on countless countless hands and shoulders, step by step and carried on the steep mountains. How many working people sweat and wisdom, to condense into the former does not see the head, after the end of the Great Wall.

Everyone who knows the great probably how many people died? To fix the working people of the Great Wall with ninety-six percent of people are in the process of the Great Wall and completed less than two weeks to death. "Meng jiangnu cry the Great Wall" is to prove it. Is really "the dead times comparable to hurt, still hold pestle" zombies!

Now, there are many people on the wall disorderly painting, carving, and litter. If you want to keep the beauty of the Great Wall, dont damage the Great Wall. It is built against the many working peoples wisdom and sweat! Let us act, to protect the Great Wall, to protect the motherland good things!

Visitors, now we have the Great Wall, the end of the todays trip to the Great Wall. Thank you for your support, we see you next time.

天安门英文导游辞

Tian’anmen Rostrum

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

共3页，当前第1页123

shaolin temple is chinas famous temple, and chan sect. it is located atthe foot of shaoshi mountain and got its name from its location. shaolin templehas a reputation for its zen buddhism and shaolin gongfu, which is the mainattraction of the scenery spot. shaolin temple was built for indian monk patuoin 495 or 19 of the yaihe year in the northern wei dynasty by xiaowenemperor.

shaolin was built against the hills. in the period of its great prosperity,seven buildings lined the central line of the temple, but in the war amongwarlords in the period of kuomingtang, some main buildings were burnt byshisanyou, including the hall of heavenly king, the abbots room and the hallfor preaching the buddhist doctrines and the bell tower and many preciousbuddhist sutras pugilism charts were destroyed as well. in the late 20thcentury, shaolin temple was rebuilt to the old system.

the stone tablets in shaolin temple are also well known, which are mainlyin the ciyun hall, or the tablet passage. about 120 pieces of handwriting worksare stored here, dating from the northern qi dynasty. many famous masters, suchas caijing, mipei, zhao meng fu and dong qichang, ever left their handwritinghere.

tower forest is where the monks were buried. the one in shaolin temple isthe biggest in china, 232 all together. it is of great value in the study ofbuddhism scriptures, buildings and zen buddhism.

besides, some other famous places include the buddhist convent, built inmemory of damo buddhist meditating facing the wall; damo cave and the sweet dewtower, where batuo ,the founder for the shaolin temple, translated thesutras.

in addition to the visit to the historic buildings, shaolin would giveperformance of shaolin gongfu, which will broaden your outlook and let you havea taste of the charm of shaolin martial arts.

chinese kungfu: chinese is a general designation of chinese wushu andgongfu, a culture developed from the long practice in life and the knowledge ofthe body. its a traditional precious heritage, and at the same time a specialsport of great value.

with chinas reform, chinese gongfu has spread over the world. to promoteits development worldwide, the olympic committee has included chinese wushu inthe events of the __ sydney olymipcs.

天梯终点连接的是天盖寺。天盖寺因史载：蒙顶山雨偏多，俗称漏天。故以“漏天之盖”而得名。寺始建于汉代，宋淳熙年间重建，占地8000平方米，寺周12株银杏参天蔽日，该银杏据传为西汉药农吴理真在蒙顶山亲手所植始植14株。天盖寺前始刻于大清雍正元年的“天下大蒙山碑记”出自于中国第一部地理志《尚书》，是蒙顶山茶文化的有力估证。天盖寺主殿茶神殿中间为时代建筑古柱大殿。西汉药农吴理真在此结庐种植仙茶。故正殿塑吴理真全身坐像，右塑茶圣羽，左塑宋朝雅州知府雷简夫。殿内陈列历代茶具和有关文史标本。游人至此，休憩品茗，听茶文化介绍，赏蒙顶千年活化石—“龙行十八式”茶技，吃茶膳天品名茶，共谈中国茶文化发展的今昔，深有雅趣。

从天盖寺后门沿上行走，呈现在眼前的是一排并列有序的碑碣，碑碣上镌刻着著名书法家王学仲、吴丈蜀、王澄、李半黎、和知名画家吴一峰、秦学恭等人手迹，诸体皆备，风格独特，所撰诗文格调高古，形成一个我们现在所看到的典雅的茶诗书法长廊。

沿着石板铺成的山道向山顶走，山道幽径之中，一堂石屏映入眼帘，这就是明代天启二年(公元1622年)选蒙顶山特殊石料精心雕刻而成的石麒麟，麒麟头顶辽阔的云天，足踏翻腾的海水，无论春夏秋冬，晴雨皆同，浮雕上的云雾和海水终年湿润，而麒麟却始终干燥，为蒙顶之一大奇观。麒麟之后有一座三开门布局石牌坊，驻足细看右过有“一飘甘露”四字，字上方有双狮戏球浮雕始终为干，左也有“龙聚雾蒙”字的上方有双凤互朝浮雕常年为湿，而中间门上方则有“西来法沫”四字，字的上方龙凤浮雕也是常年为湿。

朝阳洞原来洞内供奉着老子和他母亲塑像。山下群众叫它“老君母殿”。这里一年四季阳光和煦。老君把母亲的仙魂安置在这里，显其孝心。

仙人桥两山对峙，长石横架，下临深谷，走在上面战战兢兢。仙人桥相传是太上老君超度节妇孝子、义士信徒得道升仙的地方。据说一个人如果有仙根仙缘，经太上老君点化，走过这座桥，就可以羽化升仙，升仙是道教教徒的最高理想，当然这些都只是一种美好的想象，羽化升仙是什么样子没有一个人看到过。

马鬃岭现在大家游览完了人文景观，现在我就带大家去领略老君山顶峰的无限自然风光。大家看对面的两座山峰，前面的一座山峰就像一匹马的头，而后面的山峰则犹如马鬃，因此后面的山峰就得名为马鬃岭，它是老君山得最高峰，海拔2200米，是观赏老君山自然风光得最佳处，现在从我们这里走过去要十五分钟左右。站在马鬃岭上，我们大家应该都有体会到了，杜甫登上泰山在《望岳》中写到的“会当凌绝顶，一览众山小”的感觉。站在马鬃岭向北望去，我们可以看到县城的街道，房子好像沙盘模型，再往北看，群山逶迤那就是鹅羽岭和熊耳山脉。县城的潭头、秋扒、狮子庙、白土、马超营一线以北的熊耳山主峰，是由距今35亿年至10亿年的地层组成，形成秦岭造山带北缘的后陆逆冲断褶带。

马超营至潭头一线以南至县城(伊河以北)一段，是秦岭造山带北迭瓦逆冲推覆构造带。是距今14亿年至5.7亿年亚洲大陆独有的栾川群、陶湾群(均以本地地名命名)沉积层序，属华北古陆块南缘弧后盆地内的炭质、炭泥质、泥钙质复理石、类复理石沉积，并有碱性岩床、岩墙群侵入。到距今2亿年以后的中生代，此区成为陆内造山带北沿推覆体的前沿逆冲断层带，伴随强烈的岩浆活动，形成了大量以钼为主的多金属矿床。赋存着世界八大钼矿之一，亚洲最大的木矿床，已成为我国的钼业基地。

朋友们游客，大家好！ 走遍神州大地，醉美多彩贵州，欢迎您来到多彩贵州，今天我不是大家的导游，而是大家的朋友，我是一个地道的贵阳人，今天让我带您走进我的家乡，一个避暑之都——贵阳。

朋友们，随着城市发展的速度越来越快，城市里的高楼像雨后春笋似的纷纷拔地而起，如果在城区，你能看见一座古林参天，植被茂密的大型综合性城市公园，那实属不易啊！今天，在咱们贵阳市西北角，就有这样一座集自然风光、文物古迹、民俗风情和休闲娱乐为一体的规模强大的综合性公园，那就是黔灵山公园。它集黔山的灵秀，贵阳的春色为一体。我们离开喧嚣的都市，来到这里，你是否感到特别宁静和清幽呢？仿佛踏入了一片人间的净土！它是贵州高原上一颗璀璨的明珠。

来到黔灵山，我就得给大家介绍一下赤松和尚。相传清康熙十一年，赤松和尚云游到此，在山上倒载了一棵松树，没想到它竟活了下来。于是他在松树旁建起了弘福寺，并把此山名为黔灵山，以黔之山灵，集于此山之意。表示此处为贵州人杰地灵荟萃之地。

进入公园，我们从象王岭山脚经九曲径上弘福寺，九曲径也是当年赤松和尚来此开辟的盘山古道，道路曲曲弯弯，共有380级石梯，俗称二十四个之字拐，因有九个大弯道而称九曲径。九曲径沿途有许多摩崖石刻，有明代地理学家徐霞客《黔游记》中提到古佛洞；清人黄中源的题壁第一山等，引导人们走进佛山，其中最醒目的是嘉庆年间临川徐纯书写的佛字和咸丰年间贵州总兵赵德昌所写的巨大虎字。为什么佛山上要书写虎字呢？因为是虎是山中之王。以虎镇山，以便弘扬佛法。

走完九曲径，我们就来到红福寺，弘福寺坐西朝东，其布局犹如一个巨大的甲子，寺院分南中北三轴，正对着山门的是九龙浴佛大型石雕，描绘的是佛主释迦摩尼的一个的故事，相传他诞生之时，有九条龙吐水为他沐浴。山门是一座有三个门洞的楼牌式建筑，大家请看，上面的题字；黔南第一山，是前国家副主席董必武先生所提写的。弘福寺三个字是中国佛教协会会长赵朴初先生提名的。这山门的三个洞象征着佛教的三解脱门，即空门、无相门、无作，所以就有了，出家戒后便是遁入空门。

公园的西南是黔灵湖，黔灵山的佛教文化影响力虽不及我国的四大佛教名山，但它却拥有其他佛教望尘莫及的垄断优势，独居都市中心，是中国都市第一佛教名山。它给黔灵山平添了几分灵秀，像一面明镜镶嵌在碧绿的翠湖之中，在湖畔旁的广场上耸立着贵州解放烈士纪念碑，它是现在贵阳市青少年进行爱国主义教育的会所。顺山而下便是麒麟洞了，在洞内有一巨大的石笋，酷是麒麟而得名，洞前有茂盛的紫薇和三百年的石榴树，洞旁的水月庵更不可小觑，当年发动西安事变的两位爱国将张学良、杨虎城先后被关押在这里，留下了许多感人的故事。

咱们沿着九曲径再往上走，就到了筑亭。站在这里，我们可以看见贵阳市全景，大家请看，这是一个万马归槽的宝地，贵阳市坐落在群山环抱之中，犹如大山的一个孩子。游客朋友们，我给你们一个小小的建议，你不妨站在瞰朱婷的最高处，张开臂膀，深吸一空气，当风迎面扑来时，清新的空气一定会给你带无尽的清爽。

咱们黔灵山汇集了贵州的灵秀，它是一座具有灵气和福气的佛山，相信黔灵山的灵气和福气会伴随您在以后的工作和生活中，事事顺利、吉祥如意。走遍神州大地，最美多彩贵州，期待您，期待更多的朋友再次光临。谢谢！

长城英文导游词

dear visitors:

hello everybody! now our automobile is going on the badaling highway,must enter the badaling scenic area immediately which soon visits.front that mountain is the jundu, the badaling great wall occupies onthis mountain. in the spring and autumn period warring states time,our country ancient times the people on already started to constructthe great wall, at that time the feudal lord strove for hegemony, inorder to protect own territory not to encroach, therefore hasconstructed the great wall in abundance in respective boundary, wascalled mutually guards against the great wall.

but our country once appeared three to construct the great wall thepeak, respectively was the qin great wall, the chinese great wall,bright great wall. chin shihhuang in 221 b.c. unified area south ofyellow river, has established the qin dynasty, in order to strengthenthe rule north, defends nomads invasion, therefore will send thesenior general to hoodwink 恬 300,000 armies and very many laborforces the original north swallow, zhao, the qin great wall haslinked, and performed to expand, the lasted 9 years constructed westnear 洮 east to be continuous wan li to liaodong the great wall, thisalso will be in the chinese history the together great wall. to thehan dynasty, martial emperor of han dynasty also was for strengthenthe defense, "was not called hu madu the yin", has constructed anearly 20,000 mile great wall, simultaneously this also has protectedthe new development silk road, the chinese great wall is the qin greatwall together the front position and the defense line, west itxinjiang, east arrived liaodong, was in the chinese history constructsthe great wall longest dynasty. but the bright great wall is in thechinese history constructs the great wall the high point, the projectis big, essence of the technical is unique. same year zhu yuanzhangestablished ming dynasty in the unification nation in the process, hasaccepted "gao zhuqiang, guang jiliang, slow name king" suggestion. atthat time yuan dynasty although already perished, but also ismaintaining the quite complete military power, in addition graduallyrises nuzhen races unceasing invasion, therefore starts to constructthe great wall. the ming dynasty large-scale constructed the greatwall to achieve 18 were next many, only then basically has last yearsfinished to the ming dynasty, east nearby liaoning dandong yalurivers hushan, west to gansu jiayuguans bright great wall span 6,350kilometers. the bright great wall has three characteristics, buildsthe construction completely, manages the consummation, the layout isstrict. but we saw today the badaling great wall is a bright greatwalls part. but great wall in our country ancient times mostprimitive goal although is the defense, but at the same time it alsoplayed other roles. first is the military function, the second pieceis the economical function, it not only promoted the development andthe northern border economy development which opens up wasteland,moreover also is the area south of yellow river common people enjoys agood and prosperous life, third promoted various nationalitiesfusion. in addition, it has also protected the communication andpromoted the to foreign countries opening up. what is worthmentioning, in our country ancient times, not only only has thesethree time constructs the great wall the experience, according to thestatistics, in about in , successively some more than 20 feudallords country and the feudal dynasty all has constructed the greatwall, some people have made the sketchy computation, if the great wallwill rebuild together the height 5 meters, the depth 1 meter big wall,will many circle the earth 10 many all to have the wealth. famousfolklore: the beacon-fire play feudal lord and meng jiangnyu cry greatwall also is occurs in the great wall. now, the great wall afterpasses through several time repairs and maintains, basically restoredthe former appearance, is included in 1987 by the united nationseducational, scientific and cultural organization "world cultureinheritance name list", moreover it or now in world longest defensivecity wall! proliferated the our country 16 areas, the span hasachieved 10. 80,000 miles.

we passed through a moment ago the road, took place in yu guangou.guan gou is the mt. yanshan sierra and jundu sierra junction meetingplace, south changping area nankouzhen, northwest to yanqing countybadaling great walls area just outside the city gate, span 40 miles.is the area south of yellow river area leads to northwest plateau thepharynx and larynx important highway. the ming dynasty has arrangedfour defense lines in here, respectively is the nankou pass, occupiesthe commonplace pass, on closes, badaling. folds on the green jademountain in guan gouzhong, once had jin dynasty famous yanjing one ofeight scenery: occupies commonplace folds the green jade, what a pitynow the landscape already no longer existed.

we saw a moment ago that railroad was designs the construction by ourchinese the first railroad, designs peking-kalgan line by zhantianyou. because badaling area topography complex, the technicaldifficulty are very many, therefore zhan tianyou designs the personfont railroad, the success solved the train not to be able directly toclimb and the curve difficult problem, but made a connection longreaches 1,091 meters tunnels also to sigh the chinese and foreignpublic figure the clothing. now the bronze statue which sets up in theblack dragon bridge train station is zhan tianyou, but also has themonument.

closes the ditch because of to occupy the commonplace pass but to befamous, we may see front the grand construction occupies thecommonplace pass, its name origins from the qin dynasty, to chinshihhuang moves "the commonplace person" in here to live thereforeacquires fame. in the area inside the great wall, some famous whitemarble shitai, it is yuan dai as soon as has sat the streettower, above originally has three tibet type pagoda, destroyed in theafterwards earthquake. the ming dynasty in the original position ] hasestablished the taian temple, but has been destroyed in the kangxidynasty, only leaves behind now us to see the column foundation andlooks the column. baiyu shitaithe area has 310 square meter under ticket gate onto engrave has the lion, the elephant, the weird creature, relief andso on jin chiniao, separately represented the buddhism dense ancestor fivesides five buddhas place to ride, but also had tianlongbabu toprotect buddhist law the deity the relief. on the endophragm also hadthe four great heavenly gods relief and the god beastly design, theticket goes against also covers entirely daturas pattern, in theflower has engraved has the image of buddha, altogether 2,215. alsosome six kind of languages engrave "tuoluonepal after incantation" and "make towermerit to record", these all are yuan dai artistic high-quality goods,has the very high artistic value.

the badaling great wall is in the bright great walls outstandingrepresentative, because here extends in all directions, thereforebecomes badaling. possibly everybody can ask that, why has to speakthe great wall to construct in here? actually this mainly is becauseof the badaling area important geographical position. it not only isguarding the bright imperial tomb, moreover also is beijingsnorthwest front door.

the badaling great wall is in the history many significant eventstestimonies, for example the dreary queen mother patrols good fortune, yuan taizuenters the pass, west empress dowager cixi runs away and so on,badaling all is after all the road. speaks of here, but also somestory must say for everybody: is located closes the east end gateroadside, some megalith, the fable the eight power expeditionary forceattacked into beijing in 1900, cixi runs away in the west on the waypasses through here, once stood in this stone other day looks thenational capital, therefore this stone on is also called looks thebeijing stone. but present this stone already not that highlighted.

some speech everybody certainly knew that, not to great wall non- realman. introduced a moment ago that many landscape, you are certainlyanxious want to arrive the scenic area to tour, does not use theworry, you also had to become the real man immediately. good, here isthe famous badaling great wall distant place is the grand scenery, butdownward looked is the great wall important constituent old man city,he generally all constructs on the strategic in position keycommunication line. between old man city two is distanced 63.9 meters,the west gate inscribed horizontal tablet: key to defense of thenorth, i already have said in front. the east gate inscribedhorizontal tablet is: occupies the commonplace outside town, themeaning occupies a commonplace outside the passes strategic place. nowwe looked to the right release that, is ascending chengkou the southside to exhibit a cannon, named: invincible might general. ischong zhen year the manufacture.

the badaling great wall has three two walls compositions, what isthree two walls? now lets me give everybody to explain, threerespectively are the tower on a city wall, the enemy tower, tower on acity wall structure is extremely simple, only is the officers andsoldiers which guards evades the cold the place. that enemy towerstructure relative wants complex somewhat, divides into two, the lowerlevel is by the field, the well, returns, and so on the glyphcomposes, the upper formation has the crenel and looks the hole isobserves the military situation and the archery uses, therefore herealso has defends enemys function.

under arrived the beacon tower, also is called the beacon-fire, wolfyantai. is disagrees the great wall connected independentconstruction. once the enemy attack, lights the beacon-firenotification military situation, the ancient rewards the smoke whichthe daytime lights to be called beacon-fire, the evening is called the flint.ming dynasty time, but also has made the strict stipulation to thebeacon-fire and enemys relations that, enemy hundred, burn a smokeartillery; five caucasians, burn two smoke two artillery; abovethousand people, three smoke three artillery; above 5,000 people, foursmoke four artillery; above ten thousand people, five smoke fiveartillery. on through this way, in the border pass military situationcan the rapid transmission palace wall imperial palace.

said three, under on said next two walls. the great wall flank tallwall is called 牒 the wall, has the crenel is uses for to defend theenemy. but the inside insufficient meter high is called the daughterwall, also is called the space wall. in most starts the great wallinside is does not have the daughter wall, but frequently some peoplecan fall down the cliff, therefore has constructed this wall. each notfar has a small drainage in the great wall lower part of wall place,rainy day time by spits the tap to outside to drain water, in order toavoid the water washes out the city wall. but inside great walls walluses the stone block to cast, outside builds the brick, again spreadsout the flagstone in above, thus causes the building to be extremelyreliable!

Lingshan scenic spot is located in huludao city, liaoning province lianshanbased ZiXiang cold water Wells village southwest, 48 kilometers from huludaocity, the core scenic area covers an area of 12 square kilometers. Scenicmountains, lush trees, jagged, deep caves, pavilions, temple bridge gallerystrewn at random have send. Unique architectural style, historical and culturalthick, is the rare ancient temple complex in north China. Liaoning province topten forest park, the huludao city lianshan district of patriotism educationbases.

Lingshan was founded in 1738, emperor qianlong three years), after 1806(the eleventh year of jiaqing) reconstruction and expansion, the beginning ofthe republic to form the next three courtyards, which group. Pavilions ingeniouslayout, exquisite construction, in the study of the qing dynasty middle-latereligious architecture layout, the form of great historical and cultural value.Lingshan scenic spot of Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism culture and naturallandscape into an organic whole, a total of LouTing DianGe 29, statue of Buddha,two taught more than 180. Scenic area from the five Buddha, the worse, spittorarmor of god, or lock, couples stone, stone, chick, Chinese zodiac dragon toteng, camel peak, tiger cave, and training platform, tian qi temple, shipbuilding, the infinite Wan Xian hole, hole, mother earth buildings, the god ofwealth, cool water at the tomb of the ancient, Zhong Qing etc. More than 100spots.

大家好，我姓曾名祥恒，大家可以叫我曾导。

各位游客，我们现在来到的是长城中保留最完整的八达岭长城。看!那数不清的条石，一块就有两三千斤重。

可别认为那时的科技有现在这么发达，这些条石都是古代劳动人民一步一步抬上这陡峭的山岭的。

我猜大家都知道一句千古流传下来的名言：“不到长城非好汉”，今天我曾导就要带领大家爬长城做好!

这长城还有一个传说：秦朝有个美丽善良的女子叫孟姜女，她救了一个不愿做壮丁而逃跑的人，那人就是范喜良，后来他们相爱了，结婚当天一群无恶不作的官兵把范喜良抓去当壮丁了。

孟姜女为追回范喜良东奔西走，最后在长城脚下询问范喜良的消息，才知道他累死了。她伤心之极，在长城上哭了三天三夜。老天也感动了，忽然一段长城倒了下来，范喜良的尸首露了出来。

好了，我的介绍完了，大家可以细细游赏，请于下午四时在此集合。

Many times, see words about lijiang in travel magazine. In the article, and can only be drifted off the outline of lijiang is roughly a shape. Finally unbearable curious and decided to look at himself.

What is real, just discover the charm of lijiang cannot hide.

Though lijiang experienced an earthquake hit, however, the ancient city of presented today in good condition, really impressive.

Although many visitors, but still not impede the perfection of its quiet beautiful.

If say the west lake calm without a billow of intrinsic lucrative ci, such as wide charm of the taihu lake and graceful belle, that in my eyes, the lijiang, more like a girl, not yet married in purdah with ignorance of limpid eyes looked at the tourists from all over the world. While her ignorance, not because of stupid and isolation, but inherent trust in the world, the pursuit of human nature is the most pure nature.

Walk alone along the green flag of the ancient city of lijiang road, despite the hustle and bustle around, but when listening to the baseboard and bluestone knocking sound, the heart is very quiet. Just want to live the rest of my life here, the sunrise, whether. More like the ancient way of life. Even if difficult, even without the neon of prosperous, but as long as you can with the stone road, stone bridge, clear water, the breeze stroke face everyday, wicker flying, is already enough.

With Ruth mood walk here, where a worry should step to the next, so long as accompanies with this beautiful have dont have to speak. Are not afraid to get lost, anyway, no matter when, the ancient city of of primitive simplicity of folk will refer to led me where is the way home. Now, only need to take daily life very precious hours to calm, will be enough.

After numerous small store on the way, whats inside, cheap delicate, fondle admiringly. Have no such impulse, want to buy many things, even if back also is useless, but now came in hand, no matter how to dont want to put down.

Manage to make do it is not possible. Repeatedly to weigh the pros and cons, bought a belt with the hand catenary of style restoring ancient ways. Put on the arm of the slender, have bigger, sliding up and down on the forearm. Small pieces of the chain OO rustling ringing off the hook, but how also wont feel upset. As the ancient town, always quiet and not anxious. So I think about it, no matter how impatient and calculating the daily, here, is inevitably stop stop to enjoy! What bargaining skill, here, with really will feel ashamed.

Clear water, without pollution. The young fish in the river, clever swinging tail, gently artful artful pick a spray to swim around. When looking at their corners of the mouth is cant help laughing. Like watching newborn children, with the changes have not experienced the vicissitudes of ethereal lively glides across the heart, provoking heart trembled, shake up a wave of tender.

Cant help but think of the very lovely to make a sentence: "fish swim, water is very lively."

I want to, and only the heart of a child will have such a special imagination! Similarly, only with a childlike have tarnished heart silently watching, can find the beauty of the ancient city of lijiang.

I have some things in life, is always help themselves. But I am glad, lijiang is also such a place, can let me calm down, and even content with life here, every day, as long as can look at the ancient city of every inch of land, every plant, every stone bridge, it is good.

So even if leave, as long as, in here, I return to the nature of innocence. Like a child, what to do, dont have to care about the consequences, as long as happy, as long as the feel this world purity, horse, would not regret.

Small bridge, flowing water, somebody else, in the heart very clear, I will never miss.

天幕城是青岛市北区新建设打造的一条特色街，也是目前我市乃至全省唯一集旅游、餐饮、娱乐、休闲等多种功能于一体的室内步行商业街。天幕城位于原青岛丝织厂与青岛印染厂厂区内，与寿光路平行，毗邻台东商贸区、辽宁路两大商圈，贯通青岛啤酒街、文化街、婚纱街三大街区，区位优越，交通便捷。天幕城总长度约460米，总建筑面积10万平方米，总营业面积7万平方米，天幕面积8900平方米。

天幕城创造性地把胶澳总督府、亨利王子饭店、青岛市民大礼堂、胶澳帝国法院、青岛花石楼、大港火车站等20多处具有代表性的老建筑做成微缩景观浓缩于此，形成了一道独特的万国建筑风景线。另外，市北区还有目的的展示了一些现代的著名建筑，实现了古典艺术与现代时尚的和谐共鸣，充分展现了东西方古今建筑文化的浓厚艺术神韵。

建筑细节上，天幕城每一处景观的设置都有其良好的人文背景，努力实现东方与西方，传统与现代的文化共融。主入口处的浴女喷泉展示的是西方雕塑艺术，但材质却使用了中国雕塑常用的汉白玉，辅助喷泉，射灯，使东西方的雕塑艺术，水光电等手法在这里和谐共存，交互辉映。以美食为主题，在寿光路与登州路交叉口设标志性雕塑“举箸”，象征中国传统的饮食文化。对寿光路街道进行了特色美化、亮化，道路铺设红色沥青，对建筑立面进行了专业处理，紧扣岛城滨海特色，让海星、海螺随着流动的曲线图案，跃然于墙上，生动活泼的造型使建筑焕发出新的光彩。为了增加天幕城的自然气息，市北区还专门设置了榕树景观。

天幕城最大的建筑特点和艺术特点就是天幕、水幕和天幕电影。天幕城设计理念独特，化自然景观为人文景观，以人文景观展现自然景观，率先采用国际上先进的“天幕”设计手法，利用声光电等不同技术手段，在室内空间营造蓝天白云、璀璨星空等室外感觉，以“天幕下的漫步”为特征，营造“旭日东升”、“正午阳光”、“夕阳晚霞”、“午夜星辰”四种壮丽的自然景观，变幻时空，给人以震撼、新奇的视觉享受。

天幕城顶部设有网球场等体育健身设施，5000平方米的演出场已与巴西著名演艺公司达成意向。天幕城入口以欧式城堡为起点，将人带入神秘的古代和现代、白昼与黑夜的交错空间。在入口内侧，设置了视觉冲击强烈，面积达800余平方米的水幕墙，下部为400平方米水幕台阶，形成晶莹剔透的帘幕。天幕水幕交相辉映，令人流连忘返，衬托出天幕城独有的商业魅力和艺术品位。

现在，青岛天幕城，已成为岛城人品尝天下美食，集餐饮、休闲、娱乐、商业气息、人文氛围、艺术创作为一体的旅游观光景点。

莫高窟这个名称最早出现在隋代洞窟第423号洞窟题记中，其名称的由来众说纷纭，莫衷一是，大抵有三种说法：其一，是说菲高窟开凿于沙漠的高处而得名，在古汉语中沙漠的漠和莫高窟的莫是通假字;其二是说从藏经洞出土的文书和许多唐代文献都记载，唐代沙州敦煌县境内有漠高山、漠高里之称，据此考证，鸣沙山在隋唐也称漠高山，因此将石窟以附近的乡、里名称命名;其三是说在梵文里莫高之音是解脱的意思，莫高是梵文的音译。

故事

莫高窟创建于前秦，关于莫高窟的创建由来啊，有这样一个故事。longlongago，有一个叫乐樽的和尚云游到鸣沙山下，这时正值黄昏，太阳就要沉落在茫茫无际的沙漠之中了，他又饥又饿，茫然四顾，在向东方远望时，忽然看见三危山高耸的峰顶在夕阳的映照之下，金光闪闪，好似有千佛在其中显现。和尚一下子被这奇妙的景象惊呆了，欢喜万分，立即顶礼膜拜，并许下了造窟的誓愿。他随即化缘，开凿了第一个洞窟。消息不胫而走，很快传向了四面八方，于是就有许多善男信女前来朝拜。后来又有一个叫法良的禅师，在乐樽开凿的洞窟旁边又开凿了一窟。但是时至今日，人们已经无法弄清最早开凿的究竟是哪两个洞窟了，因为到唐代时候，这里开凿的洞窟已经有一千多个了。也难怪人们会把莫高窟成为千佛洞。

概况

莫高窟已经有1600多年的历史了，壁画45000平方米，塑像2400余身，现存洞窟491个，理所应当的以它创建年代之久。建筑规模之大、壁画数量之多、塑像造型之多、保存之完整，其艺术价值之博大精深而闻名天下，享誉国内外。

壁画

说到莫高窟，不得不说的是她的壁画。莫高窟壁画就像一座巨大的美术陈列馆，向人们讲述着神秘高深的宗教艺术。壁画内容主要有尊像画(佛、菩萨、天王像等)、宣扬西方极乐世界的经变画、佛经故事画、佛教史迹华等等。壁画有的反映生产生活社会生活，有的反映衣冠服饰建筑造型，有的反映音乐舞蹈杂技各种艺术，总之就是人间百态尽在其中。也为我们了解古代人打开了一扇窗口。莫高窟的壁画艺术是龙门、云冈石窟所没有的，是世界上任何石窟寺所无法相比的，它是莫高窟艺术的精髓。如果所45000平方米壁画一张张连接起来将长达25公里，要把这些壁画哪放在路边的话，可以构成个从市区到莫高窟的一条长长的画廊。其规模之宏大，题材之广泛，艺术之精湛，被日本学者称之为一大画廊法国学者称之为墙壁上的图书馆正如一位学者看了莫高窟后感慨的说：看了离煌石窟就等于看到了世界的古代文明。

飞天

飞天是莫高窟的另一个精华。在莫高窟的众多石窟中，都绘有大量的飞天形象。飞天，是佛教中乾达婆和紧那罗的化身。乾达婆是天歌神，在佛国里散发香气，为佛献花供室;紧那罗是天乐神，在佛国里奏乐歌舞。他俩原是古印度神话里的一对夫妻，后被佛教吸收为天龙八部的众神之一，就职能不分合为一体变成飞天了。敦煌飞天的风格特征是不长翅膀，不生羽毛。那靠什么飞呢?是借助云彩，凭借飘曳的衣裙和飞舞的彩带凌空翱翔，可谓千姿百态，千变万化，婀娜多姿，曲线优美。难怪有人会说，中国女人对S型完美曲线的狂热追求是源自这里呢!

总结诚实守信

莫高窟堪称世界最大的艺术宝库之一。是举世闻名的佛教艺术宝库，所以我一个小小的导游肯定有很多地方涉及不到，不妥之处还请大家多多指教。

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到郴州旅游，我是你们的导游_。

飞天山旅游风景区，位于郴州市城郊苏仙区桥口镇境内，属典型的丹霞地质地貌。这里既有霞山碧水、秀峰险寨、草坡峡谷等独特的自然景观，又有摩崖石刻、千年悬棺、石佛庙宇等神秘的历史古迹，它还逝城郴州传说中半人半仙的传奇人物“寿佛老爷”修行得道的地方。因此，飞天山自古便有了“寿山佛地”之美誉。好了，现在就让我们沿着曲折绵长的挑盐古道，开始今天浪漫的飞天山之旅吧!

洗心池

飞天山诸峰海拔并不算高，但视野极为开阔，山顶往往是平坦的草坡，充满高山草原风情。我们现在穿行的只是飞天山诸多山顶草原的一小块，洗心池就在草坪的东边。相传寿佛在飞天山修行时常常在池水中沐浴净身，并命名该池为“洗心池”，即“洗却尘念，一心向佛”之意。在夏秋月夜，静坐池边，人在山顶，月朗星疏，感觉飘飘欲仙，“心池夏月”是飞天山一大美景。

寿佛寺

大家沿着石径继续前行，突觉豁然开朗，气势不凡，这地方一定不同寻常!的确，我们现在所站的地方当年是一座巨大的庙宇，叫寿佛寺，是当地百姓为供奉“寿佛老爷”而筹资修建的一座大庙。相传寿佛是与苏仙齐名的郴州又一传说奇人。它本姓周，唐朝天宝年间人，家在飞天山下朗肚坪周家岭，修行得道后，游历郴州各地，为黎民百姓造福。在寿佛的庇荫之下，周家岭方圆百里经年风调雨顺，无病无灾。当地人感激寿佛，出资在飞天山选了这块风水宝地建造了寿佛寺，以供奉寿佛，泽被子孙。寿佛寺历史上常年晨钟暮鼓，梵呗悠扬，香客云集，闻名遐迩。“寿山晨钟”是飞天山古佳景之一。可惜寿佛寺历史上屡遭兵灾火患。我们现在看到的遗址是清朝同治末年重建的，大家看这块《重修寿佛殿序》的石刻碑文，可对寿佛寺的历史有进一步的了解。1958年“大跃进”时，寿佛寺再次被人拆毁，令人长叹惜怜。如能重修，真师在千秋，恩及子孙的一件大好事。

圣母岩

站在寿佛寺前的悬崖上朝对岸看过去，只见一头巨大的石狮横卧江边，威猛雄壮，这就是“狮子岭”。再朝前看去，就可以非常清晰地看到被称为“江南一绝”的圣母岩了(也叫女阴岩)。大家知道，在广东丹霞山有号称“世界一绝”的阳元石，酷似男根，其大无比，无以配者，如能配之，唯有飞天山的“她”了，可谓一南一北，阴阳平衡，皆因形象逼真，硕大无比，而令人叹为叫绝!

卧牛山

沿着石径依山而下，来到江边，我们开始乘船游览一段秀美的水上风光——翠江。在这静谧、青翠的山水之间，我们可以领略到桂林山水的灵秀，湘西小河的古朴，同时这里还隐伏着三峡风光的雄壮，如果在夏秋季节的早晨或黄昏，江面会浮着一层薄薄的白雾，泛舟水上，仿佛船在云中行，人如画里游。大家看右边，一头同前面石狮一样大小的石牛俯卧江边，两只大大的牛眼在鼻子的两边，那优美的躯干线条是那样地流畅，这就是卧牛山。

千年悬棺

悬棺因为悬在卧牛山酷似牛口的洞穴之中，故又称牛口悬棺。关于悬棺，我们从史料或电视片中略有所知。之所以称悬棺，皆因棺木葬于悬崖之上，就像悬崖上老鹰的巢一样悬挂，逝代人一种神秘的葬法。据了解;牛口悬棺为宋代所葬，距今已有800多年历史了，国内悬棺中像牛口悬棺保存这样完好，如此具有观赏性的尚不多见。这庞大的棺木究竟是怎样送上悬崖的呢?真是千古之谜。

石佛山

泊舟于岩壁之下，踩上级级石阶，仰头可见如刀砍斧劈的巨大赤壁，壮伟阳刚，气吞山河，这里就是神仙寨。岩壁之下1600年前西晋时期的石佛像群雕，确为罕见，神仙寨因之又称为石佛山，山下的寺庙也被称石佛山寺。石佛山摩崖石刻共有七尊佛像，大小不一，造型各异，有端坐的、静立的、飞天的，右边独立的女佛轻张双臂，神态祥和，丰腴含笑;那腾空横飞的小飞天佛，据说只有在陕西、甘肃及敦煌一带才可见到，在南方从未有过，因而尤显珍贵。

两江口

站在石佛山前，眼见碧水翠竹，险滩奇石，扁舟轻渡，风光绮丽。哦，我们身处山水画廊的两江口了。两江口又称郴江口，是郴江与翠江的交汇处，南通东江，北人耒水而奔湘江。明代旅行家徐霞客游历至此，在其《楚游日记》中称赞此处：“江口诸峰俱石崖盘立。无一山不奇，无土不丽”。南宋诗人阮阅任郴州知府时，写有七律诗《郴江口》：“扁舟斗转急如飞，对此令人忆退之。不但郴江有佳句，叉鱼祷雨尽留诗。”诗中“退之”两字，即唐代文豪韩愈的字。韩愈到郴州，留有《郴口》、《叉鱼招张功曹》、《郴江祷雨》等诗。从诗中描写可见，800多年前，两江口便是风调雨顺、人烟繁闹的好去处。这里还有半副对联令人称奇。上联是“一渡两江三上岸”，生动地描述了一条渡船在两江口汇合处的三个渡口摆渡的情景。上联依旧，但至今无人能对出下联来，大家想试一试吗?

飞天峡谷

再次弃舟从岸，我们将要穿越的是一段神奇的峡谷，叫飞天大峡谷。亿万年来，由于地质构造运动和水流的冲蚀，飞天山形成了许多的沟沟壑壑，峡谷纵横，飞天峡谷就是其中的一段。大家看峡谷两边，悬崖峭壁，山势险峻，山顶灌木葱茏，谷底水流潺潺，鱼翔浅底。人行其中仿佛穿行时空隧道，幽明相隔。

老虎山

山道弯弯，峰回路转，眼前豁然开朗，一条凿在岩石上的石级古道，跃人眼帘，仿佛是登天云梯。“老虎山”几个红色大字就刻在古道旁的石壁上。老虎山之所以称为老虎山，一则是因为此处当年曾有老虎出没。再则，站在山顶，可以看到我们脚下的山体很像一只老虎，有狭长平整的老虎背，还有摸不得的老虎屁股，以及长长的坚实有力的老虎尾巴。

聚仙台

爬上老虎山，穿过杨梅林，顿觉雄风四起，白云端坐，瑞气浮动，纵横万里，石如汪洋，芳草连天，千山万水尽收眼底，好一派人间仙境，“美人山上看美人，聚仙台里聚神仙”，漫步聚仙台，飞天山无限美景尽在眼中，远看睡美人，近观神仙指。相传当年八仙前往东海时，途经此处，迷恋于飞天山的美景，曾在台上豪饮美酒，聚会一番，“聚仙台”因之得名。

飞天山睡美人

站在聚仙台，远看飞天峰，整个山峰就像一个巨大的侧卧着的佛像，所以此山又叫卧佛山。不过，不知什么年代，有好事者发现，山峰更像一个仰卧着的美女。你们看，美女头枕南方，脚朝北方，梳着古典的发髻，小巧挺拔的鼻子，高耸的双乳，平坦而又有一丝起伏的腹部，修长的双腿，构成一幅线条优美的睡美人图像。睡美人神奇的自然景观，为飞天山平添了无限生命的色彩。

寿高台

穿过纵马驰骋的高山草原，爬上飞天峰108级石阶，大家终于站在了“寿高台”上。相传寿佛老爷就是在此处得道升天，位列佛门的。站在寿高台，犹如立马沧海，气势峥嵘，征服一切的壮志雄心会油然而生。据称，常常登临寿高台的人，必将多福多寿，一生平安。希望大家有机会能常登寿高台，汲取天地之灵气，沐浴自然之精华，可以长命百岁哟!

赛蓬莱

下了寿高台，沿着通幽之曲径，我们到了另一处蓬莱仙境——蓬莱洞。在蓬莱洞的洞壁上，可以看到“唐宋八大家”之一的韩愈手书的“赛蓬莱”、“昌黎书”几个字，苍劲有力，流传千古。

各位游客，为了丰富景区的，飞天山风景区已作出新的规划，正在加快建设。不久的将来飞天山将会以更加绰约的风姿迎候八方嘉宾!关于飞天山我就讲解到这里，非常高兴与各位共同度过这快乐的飞天山之旅。欢迎您下次再游飞天山。祝各位旅途愉快，一路顺风!

今天，我们去的旅游点是李坑古村落。这里，我首先把李坑村落的形成，给大家作个简要介绍。

李坑，是个李姓聚居的村落。北宋大中祥符三年，也就是公元1020_年，由一个叫李洞的“理田”，道理的“理”，田地的“田”，为什么叫理田呢?村里的老人说：他们现在的姓氏“木子李”，是因为远祖在帝尧时为部落首领时任大理(掌刑法之官)，故以官职为姓。同时因先祖唐未由北方迁江南时，曾“占地从田之签”，李洞建村时数典不忘祖，取村名为“理田”。到了近代，人们渐渐以李姓居住在小溪(亦称“坑”)两岸，便俗称李坑了。

李洞是个曾任从五品朝散大夫的隐士

他来此建村后注重教育，培育人才。据村谱记载，李洞的儿子李仁曾遵父命创建“盘谷书院”。此后，自宋至清几百年间，全村出了18名进士，南宋乾道二年(公元1166年)还出了一位状元，叫李知诚，出任七品以上的文武官员达32人，并有1名饱读诗书，能文善诗的文士留下传世佳著29部。除以上外，村民的主流还是明清时外出经营的商人，他们的木材、茶叶生意做到了南京、姑苏、上海、广州等地，他们积攒了钱财回来，除了建造住宅处，也修宗祠、桥、路、亭、寺院等，使得李坑这个不傍大河通道，农业生产条件较差的山村，慢慢以展成为一个建筑类型很发达的革子，有大小宗祠12座，庙宇观阁17座，桥亭路亭17座，还有书院、私塾、文峰塔、公共园林等，当年号称“婺东第一村”。下面，请大家随我进村参观。

[车至李坑路口]

游客们，请下车。步至中书桥]我们眼前的这座桥叫“中书桥”，它是婺源现存最古的桥之一，建于北宋未年，是座单孔砖拱桥，长4米，宽2。5米，高3米，砖拱上铺青石板。为何取名“中书桥”呢?据史书记载：宋大观三年(公元1120_年)，村人李侃中进士后，官至中书舍人。他在京城为官多年回乡省亲，一日漫步村边，见这里行人挑担来往于溪上的木桥时，有摇摇欲坠之感，孩童嬉戏奔走过桥时更令人感到害怕，于是捐资建造了这座稳重大方的砖拱桥，桥落成后，村人为感谢他的恩德，就以李侃的官职定名为“中书桥”。

[步至李坑村口]

这里就是李坑村的“水口”。婺源人把村口称为“水口”，原因是这里的村落全是依山傍水而建，水从这里流出村子。水口是婺源村落建设的一个重要组成部分，于是修筑水口碣拦截财气，培植水口林，有的还建起水口桥以锁住灵气。古时候，水口往往成为一个村庄的标志，村中有人出远门，家人必送至水口，千叮万嘱，挥泪洒别;在外多年的游子重返家乡，走着走着，一望见水口，便会激动不已，分外亲切。

[引游客进村]

各位游客，有人说，步入李坑时，仿佛走进“小桥流水人家”的画卷里，不知大家有没有这种感觉?这条穿村而过的小溪，由东向西缓缓而流。现李高村260多户1000余人口，大多居住在溪的两岸。这种建筑布局说明，李坑村过去很讲究风水，因为堪舆术说：水向西流必富。古时候李坑人选择在水由东向西流的溪畔构筑房屋，这就把他们所希翼的美好愿望，从村落布局的形态中充分地表现出来了。

下面，让我们来观赏一下李坑的古民居吧。从表面上看，李坑的老房子和婺源其它村落的古民居一样。大多是粉墙、青瓦(时间一长变成黛色)。整体色彩效果是黑白相间，给人一种朴素淡雅的美感，屋顶采用马头墙的建筑造型，即房屋的左右两侧筑起风火山墙，高出于屋顶。同时为避免山墙檐距双向坡顶的屋面高差过大。采用了随屋面坡度层层跌落的形式，因为它形似马头，故俗称为“马头墙”。马头墙檐角飞翘，在蔚蓝的天际间勾画出民居与天空的轮廓线，增加了空间的层次和韵律美。[走向李翼高故居]，我们去叩开这幢古屋。这幛古民居建于清初，是一个名叫李翼高的木材商的居所。因为有钱财，他着意配置了精美的“三雕”(砖雕、石雕、木雕)装饰房屋，让人感到步入房屋就象进入雕刻的艺术画廊。请看，要房子翘角飞檐的门罩下，垂花柱式门枋上的砖雕十分精湛，下枋上精雕细刻着古戏文图幅、人物图案各异，栩栩如生;垂花柱下端雕琢着荷花，象征纯洁和吉祥，这边的莲蓬，则期望多子多孙。

[步入大门后]

为进一步向外人显示1、李翼高故居：这幢古名居建于清初，是一个名叫李翼高的木材商人的居所。因为有钱财，他着意配置了精美的三雕(砖雕、石雕和木雕)装饰房屋，让人感到步入房屋就象进入雕刻的艺术画廊。在房子翘角飞檐的门罩下，垂花柱式门枋上的砖雕十分精细，下枋上精雕细刻着古戏文图幅、人物图案各异，栩栩如生;垂花柱下端雕琢着荷花，象征纯洁和吉祥，这边的莲蓬，则是期望多子多孙。各位游客，我们再来看看正门两边各有一个石墩。现在有一个问题，那就是这两个石墩的作用是什么?——那是主人的下马石。我们再来看看屋子里的构造。由于主人的富裕，左右厢房的隔扇门窗上，木雕精致、完善。，充分体现了婺源古代劳动人民的智能和技艺。整幢宅子上、下两层，每层分为三部分：前面的这间称前堂，是小姐的房间。因为小姐是不能随便出闺房的，所以门窗上是镂空的雕刻图案，方便小姐从屋内往外看。正中间的这两间称正堂，是屋子的主人居住的。后面两间称后堂，那是儿子们的房间。当儿子长大成人后，娶妻生子就搬到正堂，父母则搬入后堂，所以后堂又称为高堂。

2、大夫第：这座“大夫第”建于清朝咸丰年间(公元1851-1861年)，是一个五品奉直大夫李文进的官邸。李文进的大夫官衔并不是通过科举考试取得的，他本是个在广东经营茶叶的富商。太平军起事后,清朝政府的正规军根本没有作战能力，完全靠曾国藩的湘军，国库又没有大量的钱财做军饷，当时的徽州同知鼓励商人捐钱作军饷，捐得多就封官，李文进的官衔就是那时侯捐来的。从这幢房子的门面上来看，沿袭了婺源古民居的建造特点。大门为石库门枋，水磨青砖门面，大门上方砌筑门罩。门罩上黛瓦铺盖，戗角飞檐，不仅能遮挡雨水，还能起美化的作用。飞檐下方，门枋上砖雕图案细腻精美，极富装饰趣味。石库门柱础上的石雕，是民间较为常见的“狮子滚绣球”图案，表达了主人期望生活充满欢乐的心态。我们再仔细看看这石雕上面有一个小小的横着雕刻的繁体“书”字，它代表了主任的心声：万般皆下品，惟有读书高。屋子的上方有一个天井，这是徽派建筑中的重要组成部分，其主要功能是采光、通风。同时它还有一层含义，既是把人和天衔接起来——“天人合一“，也就是说不管任何生物都不能脱离大自然而独立存在。同时，在徽州人的眼里，水源就是财源，雨天，水不停地从天井向家里流，四水归堂，蕴涵着“财源滚滚而来”的意思。再看地上的下水道孔，也被凿成铜钱样式，古时候人们疏通下水道用的是什么办法呢?大家可以猜猜看。——是在下水道里养一只千年乌龟。乌龟在下水道里爬来爬去，下水道就永远畅通无阻。这座大夫第取名“春蔼堂”，一则体现出家庭融乐的气氛，二则饱含长辈对子孙后代的关爱之情。屋内的木构件上，同样雕似着精美图案，这些木雕有文武百官、八仙过海、琴棋书画等内容，从这一点可以看出主人对功名的渴望，希望自己的子孙后代能凭借自己的真凭实学考取功名的美好心愿。

各位游客，房屋右侧的这间跨院当地称做“小姐绣楼”。看，楼上这座向河街挑出许多的亭阁式建筑，小巧玲珑、古朴典雅，原本用于观景，但传说也是小姐抛绣球的地方。这里有一扇古代百叶窗，向上翻可以采光，向下翻小姐可以窥视楼底的过往人群。小姐抛绣球的故事，在小说和戏剧情节中常有记载，因为有些待字闺中的小姐，或者求婚者多，且又多有权贵，如何选择左右为难，或者因小姐的择婚主张与父母意见不合，爱女也许早有意中人，于是便出现了抛绣球选女婿这种戏剧性的做法。小姐的绣球抛给谁，，一般是有目标的，也就是小姐一般已经选定了一个意中人，而不是随随便便乱抛的

3、申明亭：各位游客，我们回过头来看看我们刚刚经过的这个亭子，它是李坑村宗法制度的见证，取名“申明亭”，建于明朝末年。亭子的功能史书上记载得非常详细：如果村中有人为非作歹，就把他的恶行书写出来，张贴在亭子中，以达到惩戒的效果。古时候村中的建设和管理主要是宗祠负责，因李坑过去的村规民约颇多，村民一般都能自觉遵守，但地方大，人口多，难免有争议，家庭有纠纷，遇到这种情况，宗祠就鸣锣在申明亭聚众，村人均可参加评议，对谁是谁非进行公断，排解纠纷，批评和惩办违反村规民约的人。

4、通济桥：各位游客，我们现在来看看旁边的这两条溪流。这是李坑过去“十二景”之一的“两涧流清”。其中一条溪流前方有两个小石墩，这条就是公龙，石墩为龙角。这边没有石墩的是母龙，两条龙在此桥处汇为一条溪流，构成“双龙戏珠”的美好寓意。按古时候风水村中两水相激本来不利，但这里用通济桥锁住，用申明亭镇住，也就化解了。通济桥跨度约5米，始建的年代已难以查考，不过最后一次维修是在250年前，是一座历史悠久的古石拱桥。

5、铜绿坊：“铜绿坊”建于清代中叶，主人李聘如是在安徽芜湖经营铜绿生意起家的，因此村中人称他的故居为“铜绿坊”。铜绿坊仿官厅建筑风格，在大门后另外设置了一座仪门，当地称“中堂门”，平时中堂门关闭不开，常人一般从两侧出入，如有达官贵人光临，则打开中堂门迎接。下面，我先向大家介绍一下什么是“铜绿”。“铜绿”的化学名称叫“缄式碳酸铜”，是一种有毒的绿色晶体，可做杀虫剂。古代制取铜绿的方法很特别，用糯米蒸成饭，裹在铜上，时间一长，饭霉烂，剥下来铜的表面上就生成铜绿，然后刮下来在加入一些其它的化学元素制成。

各位游客，我们再来看看着这座宅子的内部摆设，在婺源屋内的摆设是很有讲究的。我们看这中间是一个高高的马头座钟，左右两边，一边是花瓶，一边是镜子，它的寓意很深，即“左平右静，终身平静”

6、李书麟故居：这幢民居是“八字门”，别具一格，并正对着一面照壁。照壁就是大门前这扇墙壁，又称为萧墙。，一般是建在院子里的。但在婺源，萧墙都建在门外，因为本地人以天为院子，以门前山水为院子，所以把萧墙建于大门口。萧墙的作用一般是辟邪、挡风及隔音，有的人家的照壁上书写着‘福’字意味着“开门见福”。这幢民居建于清朝同治年间，门楼上的雕刻也很精细，进入房子内部后，大家可以发现这个条案与众不同，特别长，有4米多长，这在婺源现有的古建筑中可算是罕见的，此外，这幢房子原有三十六个戗角，四个天井，从这一点就可看出房子主人的富有

7、鱼塘屋：这是一所不知名的书斋，村子里的人都叫它鱼塘屋。从风格看是明朝建造的，一是前堂的地面用方砖铺成，当地称‘金砖铺地’，不象清朝一般用青石板铺地;二是采用木柱础，不象后来的房屋一律采用石础;三是隔扇很朴素，格心用横直棂子，没有雕似。连着它的是南宋武状元李知诚故居的后花园，园内有一个石砌的鱼池，用青石板将周围围住，绕池的小径以块石铺垫。池内的鱼就是婺源的四大特产之一的荷包红鲤鱼，池水与外面的溪流是相通的，活水。这边是花坛，花坛中的这棵紫薇树，相传是李知诚亲手栽种，算起来树龄已有800多年了，当年茂盛是树干胸径有0、4米，经一次雷击后现虽只残存半边，但每年都回新枝萌发，红花满树。旁边那棵枯死的是桂花树，树干上长满灵芝，使人觉得这里充满了灵气。

8、蕉泉：各位游客，我们眼前的这眼泉水叫“蕉泉”。这眼泉水虽然流量不大，却一年四季不会干涸，泉水清澈凉洌，甘醇可口。二十多年前有一次大旱，河水断流，蕉泉供应了全村人的用水，所以在李坑村人的眼里这是他们的救命泉。这眼泉水是从石缝中流出来的，在这有带还流传一个神化故事。传说，李坑村曾有一个叫李祈福的人，此人是张天师的弟子，天性聪悟却心术不正。相传张天师养着几条小龙，李祈福趁他不注意悄悄地偷走了一条，回家养在墨盒里。张天师闻讯赶来索要，李祈福反问他龙是什么颜色，张天师说是黄色的，李祈福说：我这里有条黑龙，没有你的黄龙。张天师无奈，就把这条龙送给了他。龙养在墨盒里越来越大，终不是办法，李祈福就想为它找个好的生存之地。一日他来到这里见这石壁上有水渗出，便拔剑直插进去，顿时缝中流出清澈泉水，他一兴奋一拳砸在水中，石壁上凹出一个洞，他趁势往地上一坐，坐出一个大陷坑，水不断流入坑中，形成这个水池。李祈福把龙养在池中，张大以后不断兴风作浪，腾云是尾巴一扫把附近的这些房子的马头墙全铲平了。大家看，这一带房子都没有马头墙。李祈福听到村民怨声连连，于是把龙带走了，最后把它放入浙江开化的一条江中，至今这条江仍叫乌龙江，而蕉泉也因为曾养过龙，成为古时候人们求雨必拜的地方。

各位朋友：

大家好!欢迎来到古城长沙的岳麓书院参观游览。

岳麓书院坐落在风景胜地岳麓山清风峡口，在岳麓书院的前门上有一块“千年学府”的匾，是根据唐代大书法家欧阳洵的字镌刻而成的。为什么说岳麓书院是“千年学府”呢?因为岳麓书院由潭州太守朱洞创建于宋太祖开宝九年，也就是公元976年，距今1020_年了，它历经千载，办学不已，所以有“千年学府”的美称。岳麓书院不仅历史悠久，而且培养了一代又一代经世济民的人才，是湖湘学派、宋明理学的发源地。它在历史上几度辉煌，受到皇室重视，成为中国古代一所颇有影响的高等教育机构，与江西白鹿洞书院、河南嵩阳书院及睢阳书院并称中国古代四大书院。

从前门走进来，可以看到赫曦台，这是古时候酬神演戏的舞台。朱熹在岳麓书院讲学的时候，常常很早就爬起来跑到岳麓山顶去看日出，看到日出就拍手欢呼“赫曦、赫曦”，意思是红红的太阳升起来了，后来张拭就在这里修了一个台，取名“赫曦台”。

大家来看一看这台中屏风上绘着的岳麓书院平面图。岳麓书院占地25000多平方米，沿中轴线由南向北排列着前门、赫曦台、大门、二门、讲堂和御书楼;在中轴线的西边建筑有供读书之用的教书斋和供休息赏玩的园林碑廊;在中轴线的东面建有供学子食宿的半学斋和奉祀古圣先贤的文庙祠堂。

我们现在来到了讲堂。在公元976年疏远初创之时即有“讲堂五间”，是讲学的中心场所，后来因为朱熹写了“忠孝廉节”四个大字石刻，所以又称“忠孝廉节堂”，大家看到的是清朝重修后遗留下来的建筑。

, henan province, is located in the Middle East, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, because most of the area is located in the south of the Yellow River, therefore calls in henan province. Rivers in ancient times, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and dense woods, many wild elephants, henan has been vividly describes a guy like land, this is pictographs "and" root and hereinafter referred to as the origin of the "yu" in henan. "History · yu gong" the world is divided into "kyushu", and states in the world of kyushu, therefore, is regarded as the central plains, zhongzhou.

Henan has 3: a world cultural heritage longmen grottoes, yinxu, heaven and earth of historical buildings. Eight of 11 national 5 a-class tourist scenic spot: the shaolin temple, longmen grottoes, yuntai mountain - sky river - shennong mountain, qingming shanghe garden, yinxu, baiyun mountain, Buddha, laojun mountain YaoShan - central plains comb hole. 4: world geological park, yuntai mountain, middle yue wangwu mountain, meishan, funiu, Diane. 15: national key scenic area, songshan, luoyang longmen, jigong mountain, wangwu mountain, yuntai mountain, YaoShan, Lin Lvshan, sky river, shennong mountain, tongbo - huai source, zhengzhou Yellow River scenic spot.

Henan is a warm temperate zone, subtropical, wet - semi-humid monsoon climate. General characteristics is less rain and snow in winter cold, spring drought and sandstorm, hot summer, the rain drenched set fall and sunshine. The best travel time is autumn.

Henan provincial 18 municipalities, including prefecture level 17, made the city one, 50 municipal district, 20 county-level cities and 88 counties.

Henan, called the central plains, is the birthplace of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation. Is the core of the yuan dynasty in Chinese history before. Luoyang (15 dynasties), kaifeng (seven dynasties), shangqiu (the six dynasties ancient capital), zhengzhou (the five dynasties), anyang (two dynasties) is a famous ancient capital in one thousand. Dynasty successively in Xia Yi (now shangqiu), yanshi erlitou (luoyang), such as activation of (zhengzhou) near the capital. Shang dynasty in here (now shangqiu) capital, the company moved to "Yin" (now anyang), since the summer and Kim, 4000 years, there are more than ten dynasties, more than 200 imperial capital or capital was in henan, more than 3200 years. Whenever China civil strife, pack "competing in the central plains, henan is a battleground," China "is derived from the name of the center is located in the central plains region.