北京颐和园景点介绍导游词【精品20篇】

北京长城英文导游词

The Great Wall, like the Pyramids of Egypt, the Taj Mahal(1) in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces-Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu--and two autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.

Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C. during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu. Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C. when ducal states Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain ranges. Walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. Later in 221 B.C., when Qin conquered the other states and unified China, Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. As a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206 BC--1644 BC.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. In the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the Wall. The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today. The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors. The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. There are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven". The view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. The Wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. A signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. This consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the Wall. At the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

Emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing. Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911) Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages. As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

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Beijing is our capital city which is famous for its long history. Now wehave a one-day tour plan for you.

In the morning, you can start the day at the Great Wall. Its one of thegreatest wonders in the world. Its so magnificent that you cant go to Beijingwithout visiting the Great Wall. At noon, you can go to the Summer Palace. Thereare so many interesting sites, such as Wanshou Mountain, Kunming Lake, SuzhouStreet, and some other ancient palaces. So you can climb Wanshou Mountain first.The view on the top is so wonderful. Next, you can go boating on Kunming Lake,and then, walk on Suzhou Street to enjoy the life of regions south of theYangtze River. In the afternoon, you can go to have a long walk on TiananmanSquare, in order to see the city well, and then you can visit the Palace Museum.There you can see different objects of different periods. They are of greatvalue. In the evening, the Front Gate Walking Street is a good place to go whereyou can buy various kinds of souvenirs and clothes. Most buildings there havethe traditional Chinese styles. Maybe you can know some history of ancientBeijing.

Wish you a nice trip.

各位尊敬的游客，我们将要游览的是颐和园。颐和园是我国重点文物保护单位，也是《世界遗产名录》之中的文化遗产。游览时请不要乱扔垃圾。

现在我们就进了颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，来到有名的长廊。看，这绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，多漂亮呀!这条长廊长700多米，分成273间，每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、花草、风景，不可思议的是，这几千幅画竟然没有哪两幅是一摸一样的。

走完了长廊，我们来到了万寿山脚下，抬头上看，一眼就看见一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑，那就是佛香阁。下面一排排辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。

我们现在登上了万寿山，这里可以把颐和园的大半景色都收在眼底。看，前面那就是昆明湖，昆明湖的湖面静的像一面镜子，绿的像一块碧玉，现在我们就去昆明湖细细游赏。

看，昆明湖好大呀，它周围的堤岸也更长。我们现在要去昆明湖中心的小岛了。通向小岛的这座桥就是有名的十七孔桥，这座桥有三多，一是桥洞多，二是狮子多，三是石柱多。看，这座桥的每根石柱上都雕刻着狮子。这么多的狮子，姿态各异，没有哪两只是相同的。

颐和园到处都有美丽的景色，说也说不尽，请你们慢慢的游赏吧!

北京的颐和园是美丽的皇家公园是乾隆皇帝游江南的时候，被西湖的美景所吸引而造的御用公园。颐和园美伦美奂，巧 夺天工，是近代工匠的杰作。

首先我参观了颐和园的长廊，长廊的两边，有许多不同的故 事画，有西游记、有封神榜、三国……

走完万长廊，你会看见一个巨大的人工湖--昆明湖。湖边 是万寿山，万寿山上有个佛香阁，佛香阁是当年慈禧太后拜佛用 的。登上万寿山，昆明湖的里的船，就像池塘里的落叶，很小很 小。昆明湖是仿西湖而造，它的面积是西湖的两倍。

湖边还有大理石做的石船、美丽的苏州街、长长的十七孔桥 等等，我都把它们留在了我的相机里了。

离开颐和园的时候，妈妈还给我买了一本邮集，邮集里有一 个手掌大小的印章，仔细一看，才知道今天是颐和园--清漪园 建园二百五十周年纪念日，我真高兴极了!

各位游客，大家好!今天我要带大家去颐和园 各位游客，大家好!今天我要带大家去颐和园游玩，希望大家在颐和园留下一段美好的回忆。我叫黄嘉仪，你们叫我黄总导。

现在我们已经来到了长廊。你们看，绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，一眼望不到头。这条长廊有七、八百米长，分成二百三十七间。每一间的横槛上都有五彩的花，画着人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。长廊两旁栽满了花木，这一种花还没谢，那一种花又开了。微风从左边的昆明湖上吹来，使人神清气爽，你感觉到了吗?

大家看，我们现在走到了长廊的尽头。我们面前就是万寿山。大家抬头向上看，那一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光。那就是佛香阁。下面的一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。

下面请大家随我一起去游览一下昆明湖吧!你们看，昆明湖多美呀!静得像一面镜子，绿得像一块碧玉。游船、画舫在湖面慢慢地滑过，几乎不留一点儿痕迹。

颐和园的景色说也说不尽。你们看那，还有湖心岛和十七孔桥，请你们自己细细观赏吧!今天大家玩得开心吗?希望你们下次来，我还是你们的导游。

大家好!今天由我带领大家到颐和园游玩。在游玩之前，我要提醒大家要保持游览区的清洁、爱护公物。

首先，我们来到世界有名的长廊，这条长廊有七百多米长，分成273间。每一间的横栏上都有五彩的图画，画着：人物、花草、风景。几千幅没有那两幅是相同的，你信吗?如果不信，就仔细看看吧!

我们沿着长廊往前走，我们就来到万寿山脚下;大家抬头看一看，看见了那座八角宝塔形的三层建筑物耸立在半山腰了吗?大家知道它是什么吗?它是佛香阁，下面哪一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿是什么呢?大家不知道吧!那就是排云殿。

请各位游客朋友们跟我一起上山吧。现在我们站在佛香阁的前面了，我们只要向下望，颐和园的景色大半收在了眼底。正前面就是昆明湖，人们常说昆明湖静的像一面镜子，绿的像一块碧玉，你们看像不像呢?

我么从万寿山下来，就是昆明湖了，昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤上有几座式样不同的石桥。昆明湖中间还有一座小岛，我们只要走过长长的石桥就可以到小岛上玩了，这座石桥有十七个桥孔，所以叫十七个孔桥，桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着小狮子，你看这么多的小狮子，姿态不一、栩栩如生，没有那两只是相同的。

各位游客，颐和园到处是美景，说也说不尽，下面的时间就让大家去细细游赏和游玩吧

潭柘寺寺院坐北朝南，主要建筑可分为中、东、西三路，中路潭柘寺主体建筑有山门、天王殿、大雄宝殿、斋堂和毗卢阁。东路有方丈院、延清阁、行宫院、万寿宫和太后宫等。西路有愣严坛(已不存)、戒台和观音殿等，庄严肃穆。此外，还有位于山门外山坡上的安乐堂和上、下塔院以及建于后山的少师静室、歇心亭、龙潭、御碑等。塔院中共有71座埋葬和尚的砖塔或石塔。

山门外是一座3楼4柱的木牌坊，牌楼前有古松二株，枝叶相互搭拢，犹如绿色天棚，牌楼前有一对石狮，雄壮威武。过牌坊是单孔石拱桥，名“怀远桥”，过桥就是山门。

天王殿殿中供弥勒像，背面供韦驮像，两侧塑高约3米的四大天王神像。天王殿两旁为钟鼓楼，后面是大雄宝殿。宝殿面阔五间，重檐庑殿顶，黄琉璃瓦绿剪边，上檐额题“清静庄严”，下檐额题“福海珠轮”。

正脊两端各有一巨型碧绿的琉璃鸱吻，是元代遗物，上系以金光闪闪的鎏金长链。殿内正中供奉硕大的佛祖塑像，神态庄严，后有背光，背光上雕饰有大鹏金翅鸟、龙女、狮、象、羊、火焰纹等。佛像左右分立“阿难”、“伽叶”像，均为清代遗物。大雄宝殿后为斋堂院，是和尚们吃饭的地方，堂后有三圣殿，但此二殿均已拆除。只剩两株娑罗树和两株银杏树，树体高大。中轴线终点是一座楼阁式的建筑，名毗卢阁，高二层，木结构。站在毗卢阁上纵目远眺，寺庙及远山尽收眼底。

寺院东路由庭院式建筑组成，有方丈院、延清阁潭柘寺白华松(2张)和清代皇帝的行宫院，主要建筑有万寿宫、太后宫等。院中幽静雅致、碧瓦朱栏、流泉淙淙、修竹丛生，颇有些江南园林的意境。院内有流杯亭一座，名猗轩亭。

寺院西路大多是寺院式的殿堂，主要建筑有戒坛、观音殿和龙王殿等等，一层层排列，瑰丽堂皇。戒坛是和尚们受戒之处，台上有释迦牟尼像，像前有三把椅子，两侧各有一长凳，是三师七证的坐处;观音殿是全寺最高处，上有乾隆手书莲界慈航，内供观世音菩萨，敛目合什，隽秀端庄。

潭柘寺始建于西晋愍帝建兴四年(320_年)，是佛教传入北京地区后修建最早的一座寺庙。始创时规模不大，名叫嘉福寺。当时佛教还未能被民间所接受，因而发展缓慢。以后又出现了北魏和北周两次“灭佛”，故而嘉福寺自建成之后，一直未有发展，后来逐渐破败。

亲爱的游客们，大家好!我是你们的导游，我姓林，叫我林导游好了。很高兴认识你们，现在我将带领你们游览北京故宫，欣赏我国文化遗产。

现在我为大家简介一下故宫:故宫是我国明清二朝的皇宫，也是现在最大，最完整的古建筑群。希望大家在游览时做个文明的游客。不乱扔垃圾，不触摸物品，这样才能欣赏到有着历史气息的故宫。

现在我们进入太和殿的大门，战线在宴请的便是一座座雄伟的宫殿。正前面那座最大的木构建宇，很是引人注目，那就是太和殿。它是皇权的象征，每当有重大的活动，皇帝都在此举行。

后面这一排金碧辉煌的尬宫殿，分别是中和殿，保和殿。游完了辉煌的太和殿，大家估计累了吧，我们在这休息一会，大家可以在周围走走看看。20分钟后我们在御花园门口集中。

休息时间到了，大家都人齐了。我想问问你们是否能感受到这儿的生活气息很浓呢?这里的一切起居用品在当时都是堪称一流的，后宫里的户外养心之处是御花园。它的格局，布局紧凑，古色古香，花草树木点缀其间。非常美丽。亭台楼阁相依相承。是个清心雅致，赏心悦目的好地方。

这次旅游到此结束，祝大家愉快!谢谢!

游客们，大家好，欢迎来到世界文化遗产颐和园。很高兴成为大家的导游!我叫谢镕亦，大家叫我谢导好了。

游客们，现在的颐和园是很漂亮，可是有没有人知道它的历史故事?那么让我来说说吧!

颐和园的前身是清漪园，清漪园在咸丰十年(1860年)被英法联军焚毁，光绪十四年(1888年)慈禧太后重建该园，但将“清漪园”改为现在的“颐和园”

然后，该介绍一下这里的景点啦!

我们先来看颐和园的长廊，它长728米，有273间，每间的横槛上都有画，画着人物、花草、风景。上面的几千幅画，没有哪两幅是相同的。

不说不知道，一说吓一跳。可能你们没有想到，居然颐和园的4/3都被昆明湖“占为己有”。湖中无岛不要紧，可湖中偏偏有岛。用什么到岛上去呢?当然用桥了!那就是颐和园的十七孔桥，顾名思义，当然就是有十七个桥孔的桥啦!十七孔桥上面雕刻着狮子，每一只狮子神态各异，各不相同。

讲了这么多，你们是不是已经有些迫不及待了呢?啊?!超级迫不及待了!那么现在呢，就可以去颐和园的景点拍照、游玩了。

顺便提醒一下，大家在游玩的时候不要乱扔垃圾，也不要在文物古迹上乱涂乱画，更不要到危险的地方去。

最后，祝大家玩得愉快!

大家好，我是你们的导游大家可以叫我陈导，今天就由我来给大家讲解颐和园的风景名胜。

请大家随着我走。现在，我手指的这个是着名的长廊。这个长廊可不一般。它全长700多米，分成273间。大家可以看到，每间的横槛上都有许多五彩图画，画得各式各样，有人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。难怪被称为“世界第一廊”。

大家往前看，这就是碧波荡漾的昆明湖。这片湖静得像一面镜子。游船经常从这里经过，大家可以听到船上游人们的欢歌笑语。在昆明湖的上面，就是闻名遐迩的万寿山。站在这里，我们可以看到颐和园的全部风景。站在这里看，整个颐和园真可谓是无比壮观。郁郁葱葱的树丛掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，这就是古香古色的佛香阁。

大家快随我看看这美丽的石桥吧!这座石桥有17个桥洞，叫十七孔桥。桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着姿态不一的活灵活现的小狮子。这座在历史上为帝王建造的古典园林，现已成为中国最着名的旅游参观热点之一，每年接待游客数百万人。1986年，颐和园被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。

大家听了我的介绍，也心动了吧!那就亲自到颐和园看看吧!

我先给大家简单介绍一下香山公园。北京有个香山，也有个香山公园，这是大家共知的。我校的香山公园，原名叫“辞香岭公园”，位于学校地势较高的西北角，占地面积较广。素有“香山八大景”之称的八宝琉璃井、天池、慈祥居、碧霞行宫(遗址)、烽火台、七星岩、飞来石、泰斗广场(泰斗石)，全集中在这里。此外，根据规划，学校下一步还准备在辞香岭上建造辞香坊、辞香亭(或辞香阁)、辞香廊，等等。公园有山有水有声有色有景有趣，被誉为“世外桃源”。

现在我们走的大路是学校环路，双向4车道，长约4公里。沿着环路转一周，能观光学校的主要风景，能了解学校的主要建筑。根据路段不同和环境变化，环路两边植有阳刚之气的法桐树(西面、南面、东北面)和阴柔之美的柳树(西北面是直柳，俗名馒头柳;四十柳桥两端是垂柳，亦名杨柳)，有刚柔相济、阴阳协调、生生不息的功效。大家往两边看，不几年的工夫，这些树都长得有水桶那么粗了。根深干挺枝繁叶茂，长得是不是很旺相啊?好了，前面就是香山公园的入口了。请大家做好下车准备，我们要徒步游览香山公园。

大家往西北方向看，看到土堆上有块俊俏的泰山石了吗?它像一个很温顺很安详胖胖的动物，向东蹲伏着，守着大门，但又很友好很和善地接纳每一个进入公园的人。石上刻有圆润优美的舒同体“香山”二字，字体与石态与环境很有秩序地浑然成为一体。东西两面的斜坡上满是扶芳藤，它会随季节的变化而发生颜色的变化，很美丽的。下面我们进入公园，大家不用买票，我也不愿有吃回扣的嫌疑和无谓的议论。脚下是粗糙块石砌就的路面，石头大小不一，凹凸不平，但干净利落，路面宽约4米、长20多米。再往里走就是土路了，能跑车。咱们现在就一起边走边聊吧。

大家看，靠路间栽的是黑松(低)和刺

槐(高)。黑松似佩剑的武士，刺槐像持枪的警卫，间隔一致，站成两排，保护着夹道上行走的人们。我们在中间走，非常有安全感和自豪感，像是皇家卫队当我们的保镖护着我们一样，咱这回也享受一下皇家待遇。沿途我们还会看到激情的紫叶李、火热的红叶椿(红叶椿是我的习惯叫法，实为火炬树)、迎客的黑松林、竞长的刺槐林。向左看，是大片与田园风光浑然一体的教工宿舍楼，靠近辞香岭的1号楼是上下两层220平方米一户的复式楼。

往前走，左手边是千株紫叶李、百棵黑松树，右手边则是万片红叶椿。紫叶李根紫、干紫、叶紫、果紫，除花粉白外，通体发紫。微风吹过，紫色飘扬，将浓浓的有些发黑的紫，凸显在岭上。黑松树是不计较生长环境的，土地肥沃也好贫瘠也罢，凭着自己那股韧劲，抗拒各种挫折和不

公，都高昂着头坚挺着身子，独尽一年四季向自然呈现那份绿的义务。黑松生长的姿态是有层次的。大家看，枝条一层一层斜向上铺开着，错落有致。下层较上层舒展，都由中央的树干向四周散射，酷似花朵次第开放，仿佛千手齐齐伸出。看着看着，就浮想联翩，我佩服黑松历练后崛起的品格，我颂扬黑松积极向上的精神，我仰慕黑松胸怀坦荡的伟大。

红叶椿是一种观赏树木。叶绿时，或疑它是香椿，或疑它是臭椿;开花时，它又不是香椿，又不是臭椿;霜打后，激情燃烧红透香山。莫非一夜之间20_年北京第29届夏季奥林匹克运动会开幕式上纷纷扬扬潇潇洒洒轻轻飘飘摇摇摆摆翩翩舞舞大大方方红红火火的红叶雨全落在了这里?我激动异常兴奋异常惊讶异常，异常得无言。每年这个时节，我都会带上心爱的、伴侣般的照相机，带着亢奋带着激情带着感动带着温存带着问候来寻觅属于我的那片红叶。大家可以想象一下，这时的红、黄、绿、紫，加上不时变幻色彩的天空，一定会美极了的呀!

继续往前走，是个十字路口。向北可到泰斗广场开阔心胸、可得七星岩指引迷

津、可看飞来石自然神奇、可登烽火台四处极目。现在广场是驾校学员们练习开车的好场地，有上下起伏自由拐弯的循环车道，道上摆有大骑饼、砌有单轮翘道、竖有倒车标杆等等，一应俱全;七星岩是按照北斗七星的分布形式建造的七个大土台，每一个土台周身遍植蔷薇，在侧边开有一条长长的旋转的缓坡小道可至台顶，不很平整的台顶上杂草丛生。站在台顶，就像站在了天上七星之中的任何一星，让人脱俗成仙;飞来石是天上来客，在美丽校园的吸引下，毅然与天绝决，降临在高坡上，天天年年观赏着守望着整个学校;取小道，奔西北，走山脊，登绝顶。据说，绝顶处就是当年烽火台所在位置。站在顶上四望，有置身神圣之地的感觉：东亲学校，北敬泰山，西邀金牛，南请龙山。从十字路口向南，可直通慈祥居，沿途并无

特色的景致。现在，咱们还是顺着路向西走吧。大家首先看到的是两块泰山石，这原是辞香岭的最高处，其南面有碧霞行宫(奶奶庙)遗址，地基至今还很清晰。原有北屋三间，是祠堂，供奉碧霞元君，建制同泰山顶的碧霞祠。东有配房两间，是道士布道居住之所。只可惜，现在是见不到那时繁盛的景象了。路北较高的土堆是学校建设时废弃的一些建筑土方和石块的囤积。经过精心构思合理改造，现在成为大家看到的绿色环保山丘，成为香山公园不可缺少的一景。

大家随我来，看看路两边的植物，发生了什么变化?间栽的油松和刺槐不见了，摇身一变，成了间植的小叶女贞球(低)和大叶女贞子(高)了。从名字上就能显出温和柔美。这儿少了刀枪剑戟的刚性，多了一些窈窕淑女的柔情。是祥和安全和平地带的标志。沿着学校西墙根向南走。大家看到两块石头护着的一口井了吗?这就是著名的八宝琉璃井。八宝琉璃井上口狭小，下部宽绰，井身修长。我曾在《拜谒八宝琉璃井》 中写到，“八宝琉璃井身着朴素大方的衣裳，像位历经岁月又焕发了青春的老人，浑身写满

了故事。”大家围过去看看。

看完八宝琉璃井我们再往南走，路东有个蓄水池，这就是著名的天池。整个池形酷似一个大大的阿拉伯数字的“9”或汉语标点符号的“，”(逗号)。天池并不大，但特有神气和仙味。两个由四根木柱支撑的单层方形草亭东南、西北呼应着，一个小木桥跨在注入天池的小水沟上，玲珑着朴素着可爱着。小桥一端通向羊圈的门。

再前面有一排瓦房，是大学中的农舍之一，名曰：慈祥居。渴了，我们可在这儿喝杯用辞香岭上麦饭石泉水沏的茶;累了，我们可在这儿瓜棚下的石凳上稍坐，休息一会儿。这儿农家气息浓浓。迎接我们的不知是欢迎还是拒绝的“汪汪”的狗吠和“嘎嘎”的鹅鸣。反正它会一直陪伴着我们的到来和我们的离开。好不热闹!路西简易微型的动物园里，养着梅花鹿、山鸡、贵妃鸡、孔雀、大白鹅、火鸡、珍珠鸡、家鸡、鸽子等。周末或课余时间，同学们最愿到这儿来了，多是来看孔雀开屏的骄傲。当然，能得到激动的时候少，深感遗憾的时候多。原因吗，当然是来的不是时候。

好了，咱们沿着路走，迎面看到的是绿的海洋——栗子树林。这儿每年会收获很多很多的泰山板栗。板栗成熟时节，真诚欢迎大家来品尝泰山板栗的特殊味道。前面有座被视为中华文化典型标识的“三间四柱三楼”“不出头”悬山式木牌坊。它在这儿，起到点题框景借景的效果。出此牌坊，我们的游览也就快要结束了。不知大家是否有进入“世外桃源”的感觉，是否有怡然宁静安详心境的感受。

各位朋友，我的介绍就到这里。不知我的讲解，大家是否满意，请大家多提宝贵意见。谢谢大家的光临!

Dear tourists, we are now here to Tiananmen Square, the largest city centersquare in the world, with an area of 440000 square meters. Moreover, thegeographical location of Beijing in the world is determined by the longitude andlatitude of the square (east longitude: 116 ° 23 ′ 17 ″, north latitude: 39 ° 54′ 27 ″),. It is located in the center of Beijing and has been watching thehistorical changes of Beijing since ancient times. In the Ming Dynasty, it wasonce called chengtianmen square. There was a T-shaped square. Of course, it isno longer there. In the Qing Dynasty, it was changed to Tiananmen Square. Afterthe revolution of 1911, Tiananmen Square became the best gathering place formass movements. The famous May 4th movement, the 129 student movement and so ontook place here. The most famous event here, I believe you all know, was thefounding ceremony on October 1, 1949, when 300000 people gathered here tocelebrate the founding of new China. After liberation, the T-shaped square wasdemolished and large buildings such as the monument to the peoples heroes, theGreat Hall of the people, the history museum and the revolutionary museum werebuilt. In 1976, after the death of the president, the memorial hall of thepresident was built on the original position of the Chinese gate, thus formingthe architectural pattern of the square today. In the 50th anniversary of thenational day, Tiananmen Square has undergone a series of renovation, making thesquare more beautiful, spectacular and clean. You must be looking forward to theTiananmen Square I described. It doesnt matter. I will introduce it to you oneby one in the next tour.

During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, it was called Chengtian gate.It was just a wooden archway, which means "to carry out the transportation fromheaven, to be ordered by heaven". However, it was burned down in the MingDynasty. Later, the city building with nine wide faces and five deep faces wasbuilt, which truly reflected the emperors respect of 95. But at the end of MingDynasty, it was destroyed again. During the reign of emperor Shunzhi of the QingDynasty, after the reconstruction of the city tower, it was renamed Tiananmen,the other three imperial city gates were renamed daian, and the three mainhalls of the Forbidden City were renamed daihe, which reflected the good wishesof internal and external security. This is what we are looking at now. It iscomposed of three parts: the foundation, the platform and the tower. The base iswhite marble xumizuo, which is the highest level base in ancient China, with aheight of 1.59 meters. The platform is 14.6 meters high. And the double eaves ofthe city tower rest on the top of the mountain, which was also the highest levelof the temple roof at that time. The whole building is 33.7 meters high. After70 years of renovation, it has risen by one meter.

This is a very high-grade building, and its role is also very important. Inthe Ming and Qing Dynasties, whenever there was a national ceremony, theceremony of "Jinfeng imperial edict" was held on the city tower. After theimperial edict was announced, a wood carved Golden Phoenix was put on the yellowsilk thread machine. The Golden Phoenix carried the imperial edict down thewall. The officials of the Ministry of rites caught it with a cloud tray, andthen put it into the Dragon Pavilion to praise the Ministry of rites, and thenpromulgated it. )And whenever the emperor went out of the palace to sacrifice,this was the only way. The most important moment for new China was also bornhere. The chairman solemnly announced the founding of new China on the TiananmenGate Tower, and personally angered the first five-star red flag of new China.The portrait of the chairman on the city floor is replaced every year before thenational day.

The river in front of Tiananmen tower is called Jinshui River. Then why isit called Jinshui River? Because this river is drawn from the northwest ofBeijing, and in the Yin Yang and five elements, the West belongs to Jin and theNorth belongs to water, so this river is named Jinshui River, and the sevenwhite jade bridges on the river are Jinshui bridge. The two bridges next to themare called Gongsheng bridge, which correspond to the Taimiao temple and thesheji altar, which are now the Cultural Palace of the working people andZhongshan Park. The one in the middle is the royal road bridge, which isspecially used by the emperor and queen. The two bridges beside it are royalbridges, which are used by the royal princes. The two bridges beside them aregrade bridges, which can only be passed by officials above grade three.

In front of Jinshui bridge, there is a stone lion on the left and right.The one on the left is the master, and the one on the right is the lioness. Howcan we tell the male from the female? Because the male masters foot is on thehydrangea, while the female lion is the cub. Now in order to protect thecultural relics, the lions have been fenced up. There were a pair of Huabiaobefore and after Tiananmen Square. In fact, the original name of Huabiao was FeiMu. It was set up by the emperor to show that he could accept and acceptopinions, and gradually evolved into todays Huabiao. The monster at the top ofit is called Hou. The one on the North China watch is called wangjunchu, whichmeans to let the emperor go out of the palace to observe the peoples feelings.The one on the south end is called wangjungui, which means that the emperorshould not be nostalgic for the world outside the Palace, but should go back tothe palace in time to deal with government affairs.

Now please turn back. Behind us is Tiananmen Square. In the Ming and QingDynasties, it was T-shaped, with a north-south royal road in the middle. On bothsides of the royal road, there were Qianbu corridor, with 110 corridors on bothsides. On the south side of Changan Street, with the red wall extending to theEast and West, there were 34 corridors, so Qianbu corridor had 228 corridors. Atthe southernmost end of the imperial Road, damingmen was in the Ming Dynasty,but it was changed to daqingmen in the Qing Dynasty; The gates on the East andwest sides are Changan left gate and Changan right gate, which are also calledLongmen and Humen respectively. After the scientific examination, Huang Bangannounced in the left gate of Changan that the Jinshi in the examination wouldenter the imperial city from here, so they are called Longmen. The reason forHumen is that after the frost falls every year, the imperial court has toexamine the prisoners, and the prisoners who are examined and approved are takenout of the right gate of Changan, which is tantamount to falling into thepalace Hukou is called Humen. These are all related to the five elements.

In ancient China, there was a saying of "wendongwuxi", so on the East andwest sides of qianbulang is the location of Wufu Liubu. On the east side of thesquare, the area around the present history museum is basically the centralcivilian organs, while on the west side, that is, the area around the Great Hallof the people, are the five army governors office and the secret service royalguards. In order to facilitate these officials to enter the Imperial City, anorth-south gate, donggongsheng gate and xigongsheng gate, were built outsideLongmen Humen.

Now we cant see the trace of that time. Instead, we have modern buildingswith more historical significance and political characteristics.

On the west side of the square is the Great Hall of the people. It startedconstruction in October 1958 and lasted for one year. It was completed beforethe National Day in 1958, covering an area of 171800 square meters. The wholebuilding is like a "mountain". The highest point in the center is 46.5 meters,which is the highest building in Tiananmen Square. The great hall is dividedinto three parts: in the center is the auditorium of the ten thousand peoplesCongress, with a total area of 36000 square meters and 10000 seats. There is ahuge red five pointed star on the top of the auditorium, giving off 70 to 70rays of light. The decoration layout of the whole dome is not only magnificent,but also a symbol of the unity of the people around the Party Central Committee;in the north is the banquet hall, with a total area of more than 7000 squaremeters, which is the largest banquet hall in China; In the south is the officebuilding of the National Peoples Congress, which includes the conference hallsof 37 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the centralgovernment, such as Chongqing hall, Hong Kong hall, etc.

In the northeast of the square is the Museum of the Chinese revolution,which was officially opened to the public on July 1, 61. The main exhibits arerevolutionary materials since the May 4th movement, and the contents of theexhibits in the museum are extremely rich. Southeast of the square is theChinese history museum. Its predecessor is the Beijing History Museum. In 26, itwas changed into the National History Museum. Four years later, it was changedinto the Beiping History Museum of Academia Sinica. In April 34, it was changedinto the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum and the Beiping HistoryMuseum. Its exhibits cover more than 300000 pieces of cultural relics, coins,pictures, etc. with thousands of years of history from the slavery society ofXia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the end of Qing Dynasty.

Facing the Tiananmen Gate Tower is the monument to the peoples heroes.According to the resolution of the first plenary session of the Chinese peoplesPolitical Consultative Conference in September 49, the monument to the peoplesheroes was built in Tiananmen Square. More than 240 design schemes werecollected from the whole country, and three schemes were selected. Finally, itwas decided that Liang Sichengs design scheme should be taken as the main one,and the other three schemes should be integrated. Thats what we see today.52.8.1 was officially built, completed in 58.4 and ceremoniously unveiled in5.1. The 100 ton core stone was transported from Qingdao to Beijing. After aseries of processing and carving, the finished product is 14.7 meters high, 2.9meters wide, 1 meter thick and weighs 60 tons. The body of the stone is composedof 413 pieces of granite. The base of the stele is composed of more than 17000pieces of granite and white marble, covering an area of more than 3000 squaremeters.

The front of the monument faces Tiananmen Square and is inlaid with goldplate. The chairman wrote "the peoples heroes are immortal". On the back is a158 character inscription drafted by the chairman and written by Premier Zhou(over the past three years, the peoples heroes who died in the peoplesLiberation War and the peoples revolution are immortal) Over the past 30 years,the peoples heroes who died in the peoples Liberation War and the peoplesrevolution are immortal, which dates back to 1840 years. Since then, in order tofight against internal and external enemies, strive for national independenceand peoples freedom and happiness, the peoples heroes who died in previousstruggles are immortal. There are eight reliefs around the pedestal, 2 metershigh and 40.68 meters long. From the East, the order is: Humen tobacco, thedestructed opium, the Wuchang movement, the 54 Movement, the May 30 movement,the Nanchang uprising, the Anti Japanese War, and the victory across the river.On both sides of the victory crossing, there are two decorative patterns, whichare: supporting the front line and welcoming the peoples Liberation Army. Thereare 180 characters in all the reliefs.

To the south of the monument to the peoples Heroes is the chairmansmemorial hall. The construction of the memorial hall started on November 24,1976, and it took only six months to complete. Officially opened on the firstanniversary of the chairmans death. In front of the north gate of the memorialhall are two groups of clay sculptures, both of which are based on revolutionaryepics. The South Gate of the main building is to inherit the will of thepresident and show the confidence of the people of all ethnic groups. The 30 redflags outside the South Gate represent 30 provinces and autonomous regions inChina. The platform foundation of the memorial hall is built with jujube redgranite from the Dadu River. Around the foundation stone are stones from MountEverest and water from the Chinese Taiwan Strait. The main building of the memorial hallis composed of three parts: one enters the stele hall, facing a three meter highstatue of the chairman, where commemorative activities are held; one enters fromthe golden Phoebe gate on the south side of the North Hall, where the chairmansbody is placed; the South Hall is on the south side of the hall, where thechairmans poem "Manjianghong" is engraved. On the East and west sides of thethree halls are the rest hall and the memorial room of the old revolutionary.Now the memorial room of Deng Xiaoping has been added.

Behind the chairmans memorial hall is the main gate of the inner city,Zhengyang gate. In the past, Zhengyang gate was the tallest building in thecountry, which meant that the LORD was in the sun, the sun was in the sky, andall nations were looking forward to it. Now its the only complete preservedtower and arrow tower in Beijing.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the traffic hub between Xicheng andNancheng was Qipan street. Now it is probably located in the square between thechairmans memorial hall and Zhengyangmen tower.

In fact, Tiananmen Square also has a very famous landscape, which is theflag raising and flag lowering ceremony. Tens of thousands of people come towatch the ceremony every day. Zeng Liansong, the designer of Chinas nationalflag design, is the first national flag maker. This super large national flag ismore than 5 meters long and 3 meters wide. At the founding ceremony, thepresident personally raised this national flag, which symbolizes the birth ofnew China.

The original flagpole base of Tiananmen Square was closed, which made itinconvenient to raise and lower the flag, and the equipment was old. So the newbase and flagpole were rebuilt on February 25, 1991. The plane of the new baseis three layers. The first layer is made of white marble, and there arepassageways all around. The second layer is reddish brown granite, whichsymbolizes the red of the people. The third layer is green belt, whichsymbolizes the prosperity of the socialist motherland. In addition, there are 56golden copper separation piers around, which symbolize the unity of 56nationalities hand in hand and heart in heart under the national flag.

The new flagpole is made of seamless steel pipe made by Shougang. It isdivided into four sections, weighing 7 tons and 32.6 meters high. It will notrust in 20 years.

The flag raising and lowering ceremony should be held on the first day ofevery ten days or important national celebrations, and the flag raising andlowering ceremony should also be held on other days. Every day, the time ofraising the flag is based on sunrise, and the time of lowering the flag is basedon sunset. The national anthem is played. During festivals, the military bandplays live, while at ordinary times, the recording is played. If you areinterested, you can also watch this important landscape at your convenience.

“大家好，我是希文，今天我给大家介绍昔日皇家园林，今日百姓乐园--颐和园。颐和园是中国四大名园之一，其构思巧妙，建筑精致，是我国园林艺术之成。现在，大家跟随我进入美丽的颐和园去欣赏吧!”

“走进颐和园，首先进入眼帘的是有名的长廊，它有七百多米长，每一个横槛上都有不同的图画，每一副画都蕴含着一个古典故事，大家可以仔细的欣赏。”

“现在，大家看到的是昆明湖，混明湖是仿杭州西湖修建的。在昆明湖上横卧着十七孔桥，你们看，在桥栏杆上，有许柱子，每根柱子上都雕刻着十分精致逼真的小狮子，栩栩如生。每一只小狮子表情不同，姿态各一。在桥头的东边有一头铜牛，西边有耕织图，铜牛代表牛郎，耕织图代表了侄女，那十七孔桥不正是鹊桥吗?在当时，就是按这个神话故事修建的吧!”

“我已经把重要的景点带大家观赏完了，其实还有许多地方值得去游览，大家自由行动!”

“朋友们，再见，祝你们有快乐的一天!”

各位游客：

你们好!我们今天浏览的地方是举世闻名的颐和园。请大家在游览的过程中不要在文物上乱涂乱画，要爱惜文物。下面我们就要开始游览了。

颐和园建于清朝乾隆年间，原名叫清转园，后来才改为颐和园。颐和园是迄今为止保存最完整的皇家园林。大家请往前看，这就是有名的长廊，绿漆的柱子、红漆的栏杆，一眼望不到头，多美啊!这条长廊有七百多米长，分成二百七十三间。在每一间的横槛上都画着五彩缤纷的画。画上的人物、花草、风景各异，栩栩如生。

走完长廊，就来到了万寿山脚下。请大家往上看，那座八角形宝塔就是佛香阁。佛香阁耸立在半山腰，共有三层，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光。在它下面那排金碧辉煌的宫殿就是排云殿。

登上万寿山，我们来到了佛香阁。站在栏杆近处，往下鸟瞰，颐和园的景色大半尽收眼底。葱郁的树丛，掩映着黄的、绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙，傲然一幅中国画。正前面，昆明湖静得像一面镜子，绿得像一块碧玉。游船、画舫在湖面慢慢地滑过，几乎不留一丝痕迹。我们再向东远眺，大家是不是隐隐约约可以望见几座古老的城楼和白塔呢?

从万寿山下来呀就来到了昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸，堤岸上有几座式样不同的石桥，湖岸还栽着数不清的垂柳。大家请看，湖中心还有一个小岛。远远望去，小岛上一片葱绿。我们可以通过长长的蜿蜒的石桥到小岛上去玩呢!这座石桥有十七个桥洞，你们说这座桥的名字叫什么呢?对了，就叫十七孔桥。请大家仔细看又发现了什么呢?啊!又对了，你真聪明!桥栏杆上还有上百根石柱，石柱上都刻着小狮子。这么多的小狮子，姿态万千，没有哪两只是相同的。

好了，颐和园到处都有美丽的景色，说也说不完，道也道不清。如果你真想领略她的美，那么就得亲自去细细游赏她了。

游客朋友们，欢迎大家来到风景优美的颐和园，我是导游小慧。此刻请大家随我一齐去畅游颐和园吧!

“一径竹阴云满地，半帘花影月笼纱”，说的便是颐和园中的月波楼。颐和园是清代的皇家园林和行宫，主要是由万寿山和昆明湖组成，占地约2点9平方千米，其中，水面积约占四分之三，园内殿堂楼阁、亭台水榭三千余间。1998年颐和园被联合国教科文组织列入《《世界遗产名录》》，并被誉为“世界几大礼貌之一”的有力象征。

了解完颐和园，我们就去颐和园里一齐游览观赏吧!

首先我们进入了有名的长廊，大家是不是很奇怪，这条长廊怎样望不到头呢其实，这条长廊有700多米长，并且，还分了273个小房间，每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、花草、风景，几千幅画，几乎没有哪两幅是相同的。在长廊的两旁栽满了花木，这一种花还没谢，那一种又开了，微风从左边的昆明湖上吹来，大家是否觉得神清气爽呢

从长廊出来，我们就来到了万寿山脚下。大家登上万寿山在半山腰的地方，是否看到了一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在那儿，那就是佛香阁下头一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。

从万寿山下来，大家就能看见昆明湖了，湖边围着长长的堤岸，好像给昆明湖围上了一条围巾。大家请看，岸上有好几座式样不一样的石桥，两岸栽着数不清的垂柳，在湖中心有一个小岛，从我们那里望去，岛上一片葱郁，树丛中只露出宫殿的一角，大家走过长长的大石桥，就能够去小岛上玩。在众多石桥中，最出名的要数十七孔桥了，这座桥有十七个桥洞，所以叫十七孔桥。每根桥栏杆上都有上百根石柱，柱子上都雕刻着小狮子，姿态不一，没有哪两只是相同的，这便是十七孔桥的绝妙之处。

游客朋友们，我的介绍就到那里。大家此刻能够自由活动，我想提醒大家，请不要乱丢垃圾，礼貌旅游从您做起，游玩时还请大家注意安全，两小时后我们在那里集合，多谢大家的配合!

各位尊敬的游客朋友们，大家好!我是你们今天的导游蔡汶希，你们可以叫我蔡导游。我很高兴能和你们在一起，希望我们今天玩得开心!请大家跟我走。

我们现在去的是北京的颐和园。颐和园非常美丽，那里有花草的长廊，还有树木郁郁葱葱的万寿山。我们进了颐和园的大门，绕过大殿，就来到了非常有名的长廊。你们看，那绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，一眼望不到头。带了孩子的家长，请看管好您的孩子，别让他走丢了。这条长廊有700多米长，分成273间。您看这些房子里每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。请你们再看两旁的花草树木，这一种花还没谢，那一种花又开了。微风从左边的昆明湖上吹来，让人神清气爽。在这么舒适宜人的地方，只能留下你们的脚印，只能留下你们的微笑，千万别在墙上留下你的大名。现在你们可以自由观赏，30分钟后在这里集合。

我们走完长廊，现在站在万寿山脚下。抬头一看，一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上，黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光，那就是佛香阁。下面是一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿，就是排云殿。登上万寿山，站在佛香阁的前面向下望，颐和园的景色大半收在眼底。葱郁的树丛，掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。

今天的观光游览就要结束了，在颐和园度过的美好时光希望成为你们珍贵的记忆。也请你们把这么美好的记忆与你家人分享!谢谢，再见!

Beijing, the ancient capital of Six Dynasties in China, has a long historyand a relatively complete architectural pattern. Beijing, the capital of thepeoples Republic of China, is the center of Chinas politics, culture andinternational exchanges. Therefore, Beijing has a rich and colorful ancient andmodern cultural landscape and profound cultural heritage.

Beijing covers an area of 16807.8 square kilometers, with Jundu mountain inthe north and Xishan Mountain in the West. Dongling Mountain at the junction ofHebei Province is 2303 meters above sea level, the highest peak in Beijing.There are Miyun reservoir, Huairou reservoir and Ming Tombs Reservoir in theterritory; there are five other rivers, namely Chaobai River, Beiyunhe River,Yongding River, Juma River and Tanghe River.

Beijings climate is temperate continental monsoon climate with distinctseasons: a little sandstorm in spring and low temperature. Summer is hot withshowers. In autumn, the weather is sunny, mild and crisp, which is the goldenseason for tourism; but in late autumn, it is cooler in the morning and evening,and hot at noon. In winter, the climate is dry and cold with less snow.

When you come to Beijing for sightseeing, you cant miss the snacks withBeijing characteristics and the famous food with a long history. Famous dishesinclude Beijing roast duck, instant boiled mutton and court dishes.

Beijings specialties are: Wang Mazi scissors, Angong Niuhuang Pill, Qiulipaste, preserved fruit, Poria cocos cake, Liubiju pickles. Local products are:Jingbai pear, Gaishi, Liangxiang chestnut, hawthorn, walnut, Miyun jujube,apricot.

北京,是中国六朝古都,历史源远流长,保存着较为完整的古代建筑格局。北京,是中华人民共和国的首都,简称京,是中国的政治、文化和国际交往的中心,由此北京有着丰富多彩的古代、现代的人文景观,有着博大精深的文化底蕴。

北京全市面积16807.8平方公里,在北面有军都山,西面有西山,与河北交界的东灵山海拔2303米是北京市的最高峰。境内有密云水库、怀柔水库和十三陵水库;其他还有潮白河、北运河、永定河、拒马河和汤河五大河。

北京的气候属于温带大陆性季风性气候,季节分明:春季略有风沙,气温偏低。夏季炎热,有阵雨。秋季天气晴朗、温和,天高气爽,是旅游的黄金季节;但深秋早晚较凉,中午较热。冬季气候干燥、寒冷,雪较少。

来北京观光旅游不能错过具有北京特色的风味小吃和悠久历史的名吃。名吃有北京烤鸭、涮羊肉、宫廷菜。

北京的特产有:王麻子刀剪、安宫牛黄丸、秋梨膏、果脯蜜饯、茯苓夹饼、六必居酱菜。土产有:京白梨、盖柿、良乡板栗、山楂、核桃、密云小枣、杏。

各位游客，大家好!我是可可旅行社的导游——周可儿。很高兴和大家一起参观颐和园的美景。颐和园位于北京西北郊，占在290万平方米，由万寿山和昆明湖两大部分组成，是世界上建筑规模最大，保存最完整的皇家御苑。素以人工建筑和自然山水巧妙结合的造园著称，被中外誉为东方古典皇家园林博物馆。

大家请随我来，首先看到的是仁寿殿，接着就去玉澜堂和德和园。大家请看，我现在指的地方就是有名的长廊，它可不是一般的长廊，它是东西走向，全长有700多米，分成273间，每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画着人物、花草、风景，几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。难怪它会被称为“世界第一廊”。我们走完长廊，就来到了闻名遐迩的万寿山脚下。看!一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上。黄色的琉璃闪闪发光。那就是古香古色的佛香阁。

登上万寿山，可以看到颐和园的全部风景。从这里看，整个颐和园真可谓无比壮观。葱葱郁郁的树林掩映着黄的、绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。从万寿山上往下看，那碧波荡漾的昆明湖静得像一面镜子，绿得像一块碧玉。昆明湖上有一座桥，大家快随我看看这美丽的石桥吧!它有17个孔，叫十七孔桥。桥栏杆上有上百根柱子，柱子上都雕刻着姿态不一的小狮子。这么多的狮子没有哪两只是相同的。

这座在历史上为帝王建造的古典园林，现在已成为中国最著名的旅游参观热点之一，每年接待中外游客数百万人。1986年，颐和园被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。大家听了我的介绍，也心动了吧!心动不如行动!现在开始浏览吧!

评语：这是一篇写景作文，作者描写了颐和园的景色。作者角度新颖，以导游的身份对颐和园进行了介绍，别具匠心。作者按照空间顺序来写，结构思路清晰，结尾处收笔自然，令人向往。

清代著名的皇家园林。康熙四十八年(1709)，康熙帝(即清圣祖玄烨)将北京西北郊畅春园北一里许的一座园林赐给第四子胤禛，并亲题园额“圆明园”。雍正三年(1725)，雍正帝(即清世宗胤禛)在圆明园南面增建宫殿衙署，占地面积由原来的六百余亩扩大到三千余亩。此后，圆明园不仅是清朝皇帝休憩游览的地方，也是他们朝会大臣、接见外国使节、处理日常政务的场所。乾隆帝(即清高宗弘历)即位后，在圆明园内调整了园林景观，增添了建筑组群，并在圆明园的东邻和东南邻兴建了长春园和绮春园(同治时改名万春园)。这三座园林，均属圆明园管理大臣管理，称圆明三园。

圆明三园面积五千二百余亩，一百五十余景。其中最著名的有上朝听政的正大光明殿，祭祀祖先的安佑宫，举行宴会的山高水长楼，模拟《仙山楼阁图》的蓬岛瑶台，再现《桃花源记》境界的武陵春色。一些江南的名园胜景，如苏州的狮子林，杭州的西湖十景，也被仿建于园中。长春园内还有一组欧式建筑，俗称西洋楼。圆明园还是一座大型的皇家博物馆，收藏着许多珍宝、图书和艺术杰作。

咸丰十年(1860)8月，英法联军攻入北京。10月6日，占领圆明园。从第二天开始，军官和士兵就疯狂地进行抢劫和破坏。为了迫使清政府尽快接受议和条件，英国公使额尔金、英军统帅格兰特以清政府曾将英法被俘人员囚禁在圆明园为借口，命令米启尔中将于10月18日率领侵略军三千五百余人直趋圆明园，纵火焚烧。这场持续了两天两夜的大火，将圆明园烧成一片废墟。

同治年间(1862～1874)，同治帝准备修复圆明园,供慈禧太后居住。后因财政困难，被迫停止,改建其他建筑。1900年，八国联军侵入北京，圆明园又一次遭到破坏。清朝覆灭后，一些军阀、政客、官僚，纷纷从圆明园盗运建筑材料，圆明园遗址遭到进一步破坏。

中华人民共和国成立后，国家十分重视圆明园遗址的保护。1979年，圆明园遗址被列为北京市重点文物保护单位。之后，圆明园遗址的整修工作逐步展开。

康熙二十八年(公元1688年)玄烨下令在清华园旧址上建造了面积达六十公顷的畅春园，他每年的大部分时间都在那里避喧听政，清代帝王园居生活自此开始。但畅春园的地位并没有维持多久，就被后来的圆明园所取代。

畅春园周围，有许多明朝遗留下来的私家园林，清初时收归内务府奉宸院后，就把这些前明私园分赐给清皇室成员和王公大臣。康熙四十八年(公元1709年)，圆明园就是作为藩赐园赐给了康熙帝第四子胤祯的一座明代旧园。并由康熙帝御笔亲题了“圆明园”匾额。这座世界名园，就从这一年开始了它从无到有，由盛到衰的历史。胤祯就是后来的雍正皇帝，他对于所得到的这座赐园，是非常引以为荣的，对康熙所题“圆明”二字的意义，他在《圆明园记》中做了这样的解释：圆明意志深远，殊未易窥，尝稽古藉之言，体以圆明之德。夫圆面入神，君子之时中也。这里的“圆”，大意是“圆满、周全”的意思，而“明”字则解释为“明达、明智”之意，所以，起名“圆明园”无非是统治阶级标榜自己品德修养与才思智慧都超出常入而已。康熙皇帝题名也表达了他对皇子的期望。

圆明园的位置在挂甲屯的北面，距畅春园约一里多路，即今北京大学的北边，清华大学以西。康熙时代的圆明园，里面有前湖、后湖等水面，其内建有“牡丹台”、“天然图画”等园景。当圆明园还是一座藩赐园的时候，它的规程是不能超过皇帝的畅春园的，所以建的景不多，名声也不大，远远比不上畅春园。可后来随着主人的登基，清王朝的太平盛世到来，在其60多年陆续扩建中，终于建成了中国有史以来最宏伟的皇家园林。

北京故宫英文导游辞

FORBIDDEN CITY(紫禁城)

(In front of the meridian gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am pleased to serve as your guide today.

This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.

It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star). The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate )to the west ,the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east.

Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City. A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province. Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China. Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province .Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate. It is the main entrance to the forbidden City. It is also knows as Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower). Ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .They also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

Qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. For example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

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