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北京故宫的导游词(精选20篇)

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篇1:2024故宫导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 781 字

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各位游客大家好,我是来自众信旅游团的导游孟园,你们叫我孟导好了。非常荣幸今天由我来带领大家参观世界遗产——北京故宫

北京故宫是中国明清两代的宫殿,旧称为紫禁城,它是一座长方形城池,南北长961米,东西宽753米,四面围有高12米的城墙,城外有宽52米的护城河。

请大家看前面的五座汉白玉石桥,这就是金水桥。“前面的小朋友们你们知道这五座桥象征什么吗?”它们象征着“仁”、“义”、“礼”、“智”、“信”,是皇帝集美好的品质于一身。

跨过金水桥,我们就来到了太和门广场,这里是皇帝御门听政时百官待驾的地方。

穿过广场,前面就是故宫里首屈一指的大殿——太和殿。也是我们现存古建筑中最大的宫殿,俗称金銮殿。只有在皇帝即位、大婚、册立皇后、命将出征,以及元旦、冬至、万寿节的时候,才会在这里举行隆重的典礼。我们看在大殿的岔脊上,都装饰着一些小兽,把这些小兽依次排列在高高的檐角处,象征着消灾灭祸作文、逢凶化吉,还含有剪除邪恶、主持公道之义。重脊前为什么用仙人骑凤呢?传说:齐国国君齐王,一次作战中失败,来到一条大河的岸边,走投无路,后边追兵就要到了,危急之中,突然,一只大鸟飞到眼前,齐王急忙骑上大鸟,渡过大河,逢凶化吉。古人把它放在建筑脊端,也表示骑凤飞行,逢凶化吉。

大家跟紧我,看大殿内金砖铺地平整的如一面镜子,光滑细腻,像是洒了一层水。这就是金銮殿名字的由来。那么金砖真的是金的吗?其实这是一种用特殊方法烧制的砖。

这样宏伟的建筑据说光准备的工作就持续了11年,修建历时14年。劳动人民付出了无数的血汗。故宫里珍贵的楠木多生长在崇山峻岭里,百姓冒险进山采木,很多人为此丢了性命,后世留下了“入山一千,出山五百”来形容采木所付出的生命代价。

故宫是劳动人民智慧的结晶,它标志着中国悠久的文化传统,显示着五百多年前匠师们在建筑上的卓越成就。

请大家继续游览中和殿、保和殿、后三宫……

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篇2:导游词的北京故宫

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 589 字

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今天有幸陪同大家一道参观,我感到很高兴。

这里就是闻名世界的故宫博物馆,简称为故宫,就是昔日的皇家宫殿。

北京故宫位于北京市中心,是明清两代的皇宫,又称为“紫禁城”(历代宫殿都象“象天立宫”,以表示君权“受命于天”)。

由于君为天子,天子的宫殿如同天帝居住的“紫宫”禁地,故名“紫禁城”。

故宫始建于明永乐四年(1406年),永乐十八年(1420年)建成。

历经有清两个朝代24个皇帝。

故宫规模宏大,西宽750米,南北长960米,占地72万平方米,建筑面积15万多平方米,有房屋9999间,是世界上最大最完整的古代宫殿建筑群。

为了突出帝王至高无上的权威,故宫有一条贯穿宫城南北的中轴线,在这条中轴线上,按照“前朝后寝”的古制,布置着帝王发施令,象征政权中心的三大殿(太和殿、中和殿、保和殿)和帝后居住的后三宫(乾清宫、交仄殿、坤宁宫)。

出于防御的需要,这些宫殿建筑的处围筑有高达10米的宫墙,四周有角楼,外有护城河。

故宫御花园,原名宫后苑,今俗称御花园,占地一万二千平方米。

以钦安殿为中心,园林建筑采用主次相辅,左右对称的格局,布局紧凑,古典富丽。

殿东北的堆秀山,为太湖石叠砌而成,上筑御景亭,每年重阳节帝后在北登高。

1987年故宫被联合国教科文组织,评定为“世界文化遗产”,是建筑艺术的经典之作。

朋友们,因为时间仓促,这次对故宫的介绍就到此结束。

下次有机会再带大家详细的参观。

谢谢合作!

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篇3:关于故宫的优秀导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 422 字

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大家好,欢迎你们来北京的故宫玩!我姓周,你们就叫我小周吧!

我先给大家介绍故宫的大概情况。故宫位于北京市城中心,是明、清两代以来,保存最完整、规模最宏大的皇家宫殿。故宫也称紫禁城,1987年它还被列入为《世界遗产名录》呢!

诸位,这里就是故宫的正门,也叫午门。在10米高的城墙上耸立着五座崇楼,楼顶飞檐翅起,从上面看就像五只展翅欲飞的凤凰。也称五凤楼。

各位,现在我们已经进入故宫了。这是故宫的第一院落。我们眼前的是五座白玉石桥,他们象征五德:仁、义、礼、智、信,是皇帝集美好的品质为一身的意思。

各位朋友,现在我们来看太和殿。太和殿是整座紫禁城中内级别最高的宫殿。只有皇帝举行盛大的典礼时才使用的。太和殿当时叫奉天殿,后来又改为太和殿。

各位请看,这座四角攒尖顶的大殿叫交泰殿。在大殿后面匾额上有“无为”二字,那是康熙皇帝的御笔,意思是希望后代能够以德制国,施以仁政,为国家效力!

各位朋友,故宫的讲解到此结束,希望下次你们也能带着好朋友一起来细细游赏!

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篇4:北京恭王府英文导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 19147 字

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Prince Gongs residence is located in the northwest of Beijing, nearQianhai in the East and Houhai in the north. In the early stage, a canal fromthe northeast corner of Jishuitan (West Sea) water area in Deshengmen bypassedthe west wall of Prince Gongs residence, turned outside the south wall(commonly known as Yueya River), and flowed into Shichahai (Qianhai) throughthree bridges. Facing water in the West and south, and near water in the Eastand North, it can be said that it is surrounded by water and has a beautifulenvironment. By the early 1950s, the canal had been filled up to form Liuyinstreet and qianhaixi street.

Prince Gongs residence was first built in 1776, with a history of morethan 230 years. In the fourth year of Jiaqing, he was convicted and his housewas confiscated. After that, the house was divided into two parts: the East andthe West. Emperor Jiaqing of the West gave the house to his younger brotherPrince Yonggui, and the East left it to the ten princesses. In the first year ofChengfeng (1851), Emperor Xianfeng gave the whole palace to Prince Gong Yi? Tolive in. So far, it was named Prince Gongs palace, which is still in use today.Please remember the two main masters of the garden: big corrupt official andPrince Gong Yi?.

Prince Gongs residence is 330 meters long from north to South and 180meters wide from east to west. There are dozens of palaces in Beijing, whichwere either destroyed or used for other purposes. Only Prince Gongs mansion,which has been preserved in its original style, is open to the outside world. Asan ancient garden of Manchu royal family, it is composed of two parts: Mansionand garden, covering an area of more than 60000 square meters, including 32000square meters of mansion and 28000 square meters of garden.

The buildings in the mansion are divided into three roads: the East Road,the middle road and the west road. From the south to the north, they arecomposed of many three-way quadrangles with strict central axis. The layout isclear. The east road goes to park Shanghua, the middle road is solemn andsolemn, and the west road is simple and elegant. The three roads areself-contained and harmonious. In these houses, there are not only the buildingsreflecting the royal style and majesty, but also the exquisite architecture anddecoration style from the folk, which constitute the biggest feature of theroyal culture. The garden integrates Jiangnan garden and Northern architecture,and integrates western architecture and Chinese classical garden architecture.Prince Gongs mansion is not only one of the important representatives of theQing Dynastys mansion architecture, but also an important performance of themost mature period of Chinese traditional architecture and gardening skills. Mr.Hou Renzhi, a famous scholar, called it "a palace of Prince Gong, half of thehistory of Qing Dynasty".

Prince Gongs house was listed as a key national protection unit in 1982,and the garden of Prince Gongs house was opened to the public in 1988. In theprocess of my explanation, in order to better protect this precious heritage andensure the safety of your visit to the park, please cooperate. First, do notsmoke. Second, do not climb rocks. Third, take good care of your belongings.Fourth, take good care of the environment and do not litter in the park

1、 The first master of the mansion, he (born in 1750 A.D. in the 15th yearof Qianlong and died in 1799 A.D. in the 4th year of Jiaqing), was originallynamed Shanbao, with the word zhizhai and the surname niuhulu. He belonged to theZhenghong banner of Manchuria (once carried into zhenghuang banner, but hisfamily members were classified as Zhenghong banner after being convicted).)Among the eight banners, they are not aristocrats (eight banners are dividedinto yellow flag, yellow flag, white flag, white flag, red flag, red flag, blueflag and blue flag). The yellow flag, the yellow flag and the white flag led bythe emperor were the upper three banners, the nobles and the lower five banners.)How could he be the greatest favorite of Emperor Qianlong if he was not borninto a noble family and had no degree of Jinshi

There are five main reasons why he is favored

First, smart. He? Has an amazing memory, makes a clear reading and makes asmart decision. Even Jiaqing affirmed that he was "smart and agile". When he wasa child, he studied in Xianan palace, the best school in the capital at thattime (Xianan palace is in the Imperial Palace, which is equivalent to thecurrent national key school. It mainly recruits the children of the internalaffairs government and eight banners officials who are both good-looking andgood-looking). He is proficient in Manchu, Chinese, Mongolian and TibetanLanguages, and can be both civil and military. At the age of 19, he inheritedthe position of third-class light truck captain earned by his ancestors. Threeyears later, there was another vacancy for the third class bodyguard, which gavehim a chance to get close to Emperor Qianlong.

Second, the United tobacco royal family. His son, Fengshen Yinde, was giventhe name by Emperor Qianlong, which means longevity in Manchu. Moreover,Qianlong married his 65 year old daughter Gu Lun and Princess Xiao to his sonFengshen Yinde. The relationship between Emperor Qianlong and "he" changed fromthe relationship between master and slave, the relationship between monarch andminister to the relationship between daughter and family, and Qianlong becamethe real umbrella of "he".

Thirdly, according to unofficial history, I remember that when Hongli wasyoung (later Emperor Qianlong), I once played in the palace and saw nianguifeicombing her hair. Nianguifei was the younger sister of general Nian genyao ofthe Qing Dynasty and one of the top ten beauties of the Qing Dynasty. Her namewas nianqiuyue. Hongli was moved by her beauty and secretly went over to coverher eyes from behind. Qing, Nians concubine was startled and didnt know whowas behind. She picked up the hairpin and rowed back, which just cut Honglisforehead. Later, the empress learned about it, because it spread that it was notgood for Honglis reputation (she was the Royal concubine of Yongzheng, Honglishould call her erniang. )Next year, the imperial concubine hanged herself.Hongli cried bitterly at that time, because one of his frivolous actions killedNian Guifei. I secretly vowed that when I became an emperor, I would meet again,not to repair this life and the afterlife. So stained with cinnabar, she printeda red fingerprint behind her ear. Many years later, when Hongli became emperor,he was Emperor Qianlong. When he first saw him, he was still a stick guard.Qianlong was surprised and felt that he looked like the young lady who died manyyears ago. So he stepped down from the throne and asked if there were anysisters in his family. He said that there were only two brothers, he and he?.When the emperor was disappointed, he suddenly saw a red mole behind his ear. Itwas not only similar to nianguifeis face, but also the size and location of themole. So the emperor thinks that he? Is the reincarnation of Nian Guifei. So theemperor kept him close to him and favored him. He also used his intelligence toplease Qianlong. As a result, his position and status rose like a helicopter.Within three years, Emperor Qianlong passed orders to promote him to theposition of official. He almost made all kinds of high-ranking officials in theQing Dynasty. He had been a military aircraft Minister for 23 years, and wasknown as the second emperor.

Many friends come to Prince Gongs residence with admiration. The film andtelevision works also make a lot of hype about ho. However, there is a big gapbetween the real image of Ho and the image of the film and television works. Hois a real beautiful man with a white face, quick action, dignified and humorousspeech.

The second master, Prince Gong Yi? (1833-1898), was the sixth son ofEmperor Daoguang. He was named Prince Gong in the imperial edict of EmperorDaoguang in 1850. He was an important and influential figure in the politicalsituation of the late Qing Dynasty. After the death of emperor Xianfeng in 1861,he and Cixi jointly launched the "Xinyou coup" to eliminate eight ministers,such as SUSHUN, which paved the way for Cixi to reach the peak of power. Afterthat, he was appointed as the king of political affairs, walked on the militaryplane, and participated in military affairs as a prince, which was very rare inthe Qing Dynasty. As a "leader", he, together with Zeng Guofan, Zhang Zhidongand other feudal officials, set off the famous "Westernization Movement" inmodern Chinese history. Under his invitation and planning, the Qing governmentestablished in 1860 the first official "Ministry of foreign affairs" in Chinesehistory, the premiers national affairs yamen, to deal with foreign affairs. In1862, under his own planning, the Qing government established the capitalTongwen school in Beijing. The establishment of Tongwen school was the beginningof the establishment of a new school in China. It entered the school of BeijingNormal University in 1902 and became the earliest part of the establishment ofPeking University. It seems that the prince of the late Qing Dynasty has acertain relationship with Peking University. Yi? Was the sixth son of EmperorDaoguang. At that time, he was famous for his foreign affairs. Therefore, peoplenicknamed him GUI Zi Liu, and he didnt mind. Because Yi? Was very independentand active in politics, he was afraid of Empress Dowager Cixi. Later, he lostpower and lived in seclusion in Jiehe temple. Yi? Became the tenth iron hat kingof the Qing Dynasty in 1872. He is the author of the collection of works ofledaotang. After the Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895, it was used again. It wasthe Prime Minister of the Navy, the Council for military affairs, and the innercourt. He died in 1898 with the posthumous title of "Zhong". )

2、 Scenic spots in the mansion

The main hall of the palace of yinan, commonly known as "yinan hall", isthe place where important ceremonial activities are held. A group of screens andthe throne of the prince are placed in the center of the hall. It corresponds tothe Jinluan Hall of the Forbidden City. Jinluan hall was the place where theemperor summoned and held important ceremonies.

The tall building you see now was newly built in this overhaul as it was inthe Guangxu reign of Tongzhi. The original yinan hall, together with the Eastand west side halls, was destroyed by burning incense on the night of theLantern Festival on January 15, 1921.

The new construction process of yinan Hall:

The yinan hall was built according to the strict Architectural Regulationsof the Qing Dynasty and the highest standard roof of the royal palace.

Tourists, please observe the color of the tiles on the roof of the mainhall, the number of animals on the roof ridge, the number of doornails on themain door, etc. How are they different from the palace museum you can see?

The roof of the imperial palace is covered with golden colored glass, whichis the symbol of imperial power; the roof of the main hall of the Royal Palaceis covered with green colored glass tiles, and the roof of the auxiliary hall iscovered with gray tiles, which indicates the princes status.

In ancient architecture, door nails were only used on board doors.Originally used to guard against the enemys fire attack, so Zhuoyi was coveredwith mud to prevent fire. Doornails are usually made of copper. In the QingDynasty, the use of door nails was regulated. In royal architecture, there arenine nails for each door, nine in each direction, and a total of ninety-nine andeighty-one nails. Nine is the pole of Yang number, symbolizing the higheststatus of the emperor. Because the imperial temple is dedicated to the emperorsof the past dynasties, it also has nine road studs; seven roads in the RoyalPalace take seven roads, but seven roads in the princes palace take nine roads;further down there are five roads take five roads.

Duofuxuan is commonly known as "tengluoyuan". The main hall was called"Yanxi hall" in the period of peace, which was the residence of the son andPrincess of peace. It was called "duofuxuan" in the period of Prince Gong. Itwas the hall and living room of the palace. It was mainly used by the host toreceive visitors, relatives and friends or subordinates who came to report backto the official affairs. It was also used to store gifts sent by the emperor."Duofuxuan" was inscribed by Emperor Xianfeng. It means the palace of a lot ofhappiness. The plaque of "Tongde Yanxi" is hung in the center of the hall, whichis intended to warn the host that only when you and the emperor have the samevirtue can you extend the Xi (XI: good luck and long life). Please observecarefully that the four walls of the hall near the ceiling are all hung with theinscription of "Fu Shou". The inscription of "Fu Shou" is written on the redsquare paper (i.e. "Dou Fang") and is placed in a shuttle shape. The inscriptionof "Fu Shou" is made in pairs.

Since the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, every winter, the emperorhad to write the words "Fu" and "Shou" in person and give them to the king, theDuke, the minister and the empress. The word "Shou" will be added to every majorbirthday celebration. According to convention, the old "Fu Shou" Dou Fang cannot be removed. Instead, the new "Fu Shou" Dou Fang is pasted directly on theold one, meaning "Fu Tian Shou". Now what you see is the original copy.

Please carefully observe the Phoenix and seal painting of Qianlong periodon the roof beam. Although only partial Phoenix Tail pattern remains, it hasspecial value. Its existence confirms that Fudi East Road was once Princessmansion.

Hexi painting is also known as palace architectural painting. This kind ofarchitectural painting is the highest level painting in the Qing Dynasty, mostlypainted on palace buildings or buildings related to the royal family

Ledaotang is the largest building on the East Road and the last one toenter the courtyard. The main room is called "ledaotang". On the interior beams,there are two hundred years of colorful paintings of baojindi and Phoenix in themiddle Qing Dynasty, which indicates that it was the residence of the princessduring the period of peace. In the period of Prince Gong, this is the livingroom of the prince. Now the interior is displayed as it was when Prince Gonglived. The plaque of "ledaotang" was given to Yi? By Emperor Daoguang himself.It expresses a fathers wish for his sons happiness and auspiciousness.

He is not a prince. In the Qing Dynasty, when the feudal hierarchy was verystrict, why did he build such a luxurious private house in spite of large-scaleconstruction? You can see the reason from the following records.

Yin De, the son of he, was born on the 19th of the first month of the 40thyear of Qianlong (1775), half a month younger than Princess He Xiao. He andQianlong formed a family of sons and daughters, and became the most unattainablerelatives of the emperor. He Jianhe house was actually built as Princess House,so he Jianhe house was built according to the double specifications of PrincessHouse and first-class officials of the imperial court

Jiale Hall

Jiale hall is the hall name of Hejin period. It is said that the plaque ofJiale hall was given to Hejin by Qianlong. During the period of Prince Gong, itwas the "Temple", that is, the place where Shamanism activities were held.

Shamanism sacrificial activities: Ancient Mongolians believed in Shamanismfirst. Shamanism worships gods and divides the world into three kinds: heavenabove, earth in the middle and hell below.

The most important way of Shaman sacrifice is to worship ancestors andheaven. It is said that the ancestors of Manchu people fell into a trap in abattle and had to hide in a big tree in a hurry. The birds on the tree did notmove, so they did not expose the ancestors of Manchu people to the enemy and letthem survive. Therefore, Manchu people revered the birds as gods.

Grand Theater

The grand theater building of Prince Gongs mansion, built during the reignof tongzhi (1862-1874), is a place for Prince Gong and his relatives to watchthe opera. This theater is the only existing fully enclosed theater in China. Inthe archives of the Qing Dynasty, theatrical buildings were called "bigtheatrical rooms". The building area is 685 square meters, and its architecturalform adopts a three volume hook and build fully enclosed structure. It is saidthat although the whole theater building is of brick and wood structure, it doesnot use an iron nail. In particular, it is worth mentioning the sound effect ofthe Grand Theater. In order to ensure the fidelity of the sound, several largetanks are placed under the stage. The ingenious and special structure increasesthe resonance reverberation space, so that the audience can clearly hear thesinging of the actors without any sound transmission tools at any position inthe theater. Once, after a famous singer came here to sing, he excitedly praisedthat the timbre effect of the grand theater building was better than that of theconcert hall.

In the peony courtyard, the location of the theater is general, but theinside is resplendent. On both sides of the stage, the two pillars, the fourwalls and the top are all painted with twigs and vines. The scene of greenleaves and purple flowers in full bloom makes people feel like watching theOpera under the vines. It is said that at that time, even Empress Dowager Cixiwas sitting in the courtyard. Prince Gong worried that he would be guilty ofoverstepping the system, so he painted a lot of vines on the roof, which meansthat this is the vines rack, not the lobby. Its very kind of him. There are 20large palace lanterns hanging on the top of the shed, and 20 eight immortalstables with Taishi chairs are placed in an orderly manner. The back walls of thetheater are light brown wooden lattice, with dark blue silk cloth as the bottomlining. On the south side of the hall is a stage about one meter high. Above thestage, there is a black plaque with gold characters, which is written with fourseal characters of "enjoy yourself". In the south, there is an actors dressingroom in the backstage and a stage in the front. In the north, there are placesfor VIPs and their wives to watch and rest. Yis birthday is in the late Octoberof the lunar calendar. When holding a birthday party, a fire is needed, so theGrand Theater is also called "warm building" by the government. In addition toacting, it was also the place where the wedding ceremony was held in PrinceGongs mansion. Every time the important figures in the mansion die, the theaterwill be full of couplets, buildings, cigarettes, long hanging, and monks andnuns in each temple will sprinkle sutras one after another to pass the dead.

In 1936, Pu Ru, the grandson of Prince Gong Yi? Who lived in the garden atthat time, celebrated his mother Mrs. Xiangs birthday and organized a hall playin the theater. At that time, famous actors in the Peking Opera circle gatheredin the Grand Theater and performed on the stage one after another. This is thelast meeting of Prince Gongs mansion. Now?

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篇5:北京故宫导游词范文400字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 659 字

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女士们、先生们:

我叫王溦嘉,大家叫我小王就行了。今天有幸陪同大家一道参观,我感到很高兴。这里就是闻名世界的故宫博物馆,简称为故宫,就是昔日的皇家宫殿。

北京故宫位于北京市中心,是明清两代的皇宫,又称为紫禁城(历代宫殿都象象天立宫,以表示君权受命于天)。由于君为天子,天子的宫殿如同天帝居住的紫宫禁地,故名紫禁城。故宫始建于明永乐四年(1420xx年),永乐十八年(1420xx年)建成。历经有清两个朝代24个皇帝。故宫规模宏大,西宽750米,南北长960米,占地72万平方米,建筑面积15万多平方米,有房屋9999间,是世界上最大最完整的古代宫殿建筑群。为了突出帝王至高无上的权威,故宫有一条贯穿宫城南北的中轴线,在这条中轴线上,按照前朝后寝的古制,布置着帝王发施令,象征政权中心的三大殿(太和殿、中和殿、保和殿)和帝后居住的后三宫(乾清宫、交仄殿、坤宁宫)。在其内廷部分(乾清门以北),左右各形成一条以太上皇居住的宫殿宁春宫,和以太妃居住的宫殿慈寿宫为中心的次要轴线。出于防御的需要,这些宫殿建筑的处围筑有高达10米的宫墙,四周有角楼,外有护城河。

故宫御花园,原名宫后苑,今俗称御花园,占地一万二千平方米。以钦安殿为中心,园林建筑采用主次相辅,左右对称的格局,布局紧凑,古典富丽。殿东北的堆秀山,为太湖石叠砌而成,上筑御景亭,每年重阳节帝后在北登高。

1987年故宫被联合国教科文组织,评定为世界文化遗产,是建筑艺术的经典之作。

朋友们,因为时间仓促,这次对故宫的介绍就到此结束。下次有机会再带大家详细的参观。谢谢合作!

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篇6:介绍北京南锣鼓巷的导游词范文

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 368 字

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南锣鼓巷南北走向,长约800米,东西各有8条胡同整齐排列着,从南向北,西面的8条胡同是福祥胡同、蓑衣胡同、雨儿胡同、帽儿胡同、景阳胡同、沙井胡同、黑芝麻胡同、前鼓楼苑胡同;东边的8条胡同是炒豆胡同、板厂胡同、东棉花胡同、北兵马司胡同、秦老胡同、前圆恩寺胡同、后圆恩寺胡同、菊儿胡同。这些胡同在元朝时没有名称,名称是明朝以后逐渐演变来的。比如菊儿胡同,明代叫局儿胡同,后来改称橘儿胡同,清代宣统时才称菊儿胡同,后延续至今。整个街区犹如一条大蜈蚣,所以又称蜈蚣街。

近几年,成为许多时尚杂志报道的热点,不少电视剧在这里取景拍摄,许多国外旅行者把其列为在北京的必游景点。其实,明清以来,这里一直是“富人区”,居住过许多达官贵人、社会名流,从明朝将军到清朝王爷,从北洋政府总统到国民党总裁,从文学大师到画坛巨匠,这里的每一条胡同都留下历史的痕迹。

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篇7:北京导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 705 字

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大家好:

我是你们的导游,你们可以叫我押颖慧。先感谢你们来北京旅游,我们从大港出发到北京一共大约要用五个来小时。今天我们先去北京的水立方和鸟巢游玩。下面呢,我就给大家讲一下鸟巢。

你们知道“鸟巢”象征的意义吗?还是我来告诉你们吧!很多看过“鸟巢”设计模型的人这样形容:那是一个用树枝般的钢网把一个可容10万人的体育场编织成的一个温馨鸟巢!用来孕育与呵护生命的“巢”,寄托着人类对未来的希望。 我再来讲一下“鸟巢”的节省资源之处. 设计并搭建“鸟巢”不易,要让“鸟巢”在未来的日子里充满生机与活力更为不易。据介绍,“鸟巢”设计之初和深化设计的过程中,一直贯穿着节俭办奥运和可持续发展的理念,在满足奥运使用功能的前提下,充分考虑永久设施和临时设施的平衡。按照要求,“鸟巢”共设10万个

座席,其中8万个是永久性的,另外两万个是奥运会期间临时增加的。 我现在给大家一些时间,如果想拍照就可以多照几张,多留些纪念。好了你们自由活动吧!

下面我再带大家去水立方游玩,水立方即国家游泳中心,位于北京奥林匹克公园内,20xx年12月24开工。是北京为20xx年夏季奥运会修建的主游泳馆,也是20xx年北京奥运会标志性建筑物之一。

其与国家体育场(俗称鸟巢)分列于北京城市中轴线北端的两侧,共同形成相对完整的北京历史文化名城形象。

20xx年奥运会期间,国家游泳中心承担游泳、跳水、花样游泳、水球等比赛,可容纳观众坐席17000座,其中永久观众坐席为6000座,奥运会期间增设 临时性座位11000个(赛后将拆除)。赛后将建成为具有国际先进水平的、集游泳、运动、健身、休闲于一体的中心。现在大家尽情的游玩吧!

最后祝大家玩得开心,玩得愉快!

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篇8:介绍北京导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 431 字

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大家好,我是你们的导游,我姓张,你们叫我张导就行了。我们要去的地方就是闻名天下的建筑—颐和园。

大家请随我来,此刻我们绕过大殿,我们站的地方就是赫赫有名的长廊。横槛上有许许多多的画。画有鸟兽虫鱼、花草树木、景物,当然还有我们人类。你们相信吗一万多幅画,没有哪两幅是相同的。横槛上还画着许多故事。

走完长廊,我们就来到万寿山的脚下。抬头一看,一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上。一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿,就是排云殿。

大家往前看,看那一片湖,那就是昆明湖。这篇湖静的相面镜子,绿的像块碧玉。大家就应能够听到游船上的那些游客的欢声笑语

在昆明湖的上面,就是万寿山。站在那里,我们能够看见颐和园的所有景色。

大家快快跟我来看看这美丽的石桥,这个石桥有十七个洞,中间的最大。这桥叫十七孔桥。而且上面都雕刻这栩栩如上,姿态不一,活灵活现的小狮子,这些小狮子,没有那两只的姿态是相同的。

颐和园到处都有美丽的景色。但是这天的旅游到此结束,期望大家能够下次再来,我随时愿意在当大家的导游。

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篇9:北京旅游点导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:旅游,导游,全文共 3150 字

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大家好,我是你们今天的小导游—(小吴),我将带你们去一个风水宝地—北京!

北京位于华北大平原的西北端,是中华人民共和国的首都,全国政治、文化、交通、旅游和国际交往的中心,北京导游词。全市由11个区和7个县组成。总面积16800平方公里,其中市区占地1040平方公里。人口1150万。北京为我国四大直辖市之首。

北京,已有3000多年的文字记载历史和悠久的城建沿革。远在70~50万年前,这里就是人类祖先的发祥地,“北京猿人”便在京西南的周口店等地繁衍生息。公元前586年,周朝的封侯国—燕国,在此建都,名“蓟”,从此“燕京”之名流传至今。14XX年朱棣夺得皇位,迁都北平,并改名为北京,北京之名从此开始。不久兴建紫禁城等,经过十五年施工于1420年建成,1421年正式迁都北京。1644年清军入关,明朝灭亡,清朝也在北京建都。1949年新中国成立后,古老的北京获得了新生,被确定为新中国的首都。

现在大家已经来到了北京的远郊昌平区,那即将进入的就是十三陵景区。利用这段时间,我来给大家讲解一下十三陵的历史背景和说明。

明朝永乐皇帝朱棣在14XX年派了一些风水术士到北京选择“吉壤”,其实就是吉祥的土地,准备修建陵寝。当时这些人找了很多地方,但是都不成功,最后直到明永乐七年,才选定了现在的这片天寿山陵区,在周围有蟒山,虎峪,龙山和天寿山。这里正符合了阴阳五行中四方之神的所在位置,就是东青龙,西白虎,南朱雀,北玄武,还有温榆河经过这里,真可以说是风水宝地。从此可见当时皇帝要为自己修建一个陵寝要耗费多少精力啊。随后,就开始修建了长陵,经过四年终于竣工了。那明朝历代的皇帝,也陆续在这里修建了陵寝。而且从1409修建长陵一直到1644年明王朝灭亡,这200多年间,明十三陵的营建工程从来没有间断过。在这方圆40平方公里的范围,埋葬了明代十三位皇帝,二十三位皇后,还有许多的妃子,太子等等。可是这里也没能够完整的保留下来,在清兵入关以后,为了报复金人将清太祖的祖坟毁掉,所以就将这里烧了。后来在乾隆五十年的时候,为了笼络汉人,就下令修缮陵区。在新中国成立以后,对这里进行了大规模的开发,并且开放了的长陵、定陵和昭陵,其中定陵的地宫已经被发掘了。现在这里已经成为了全国重点风景名胜区,是世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝最多的墓葬群。现在大家可能在想:明朝不是有十六个皇帝么?怎么在这里只有十三个皇帝的陵寝?其实原因很简单,明太祖朱元璋因为建都南京,所以他的陵墓当然就在南京啦,也就是明孝陵;而明朝第二个皇帝建文帝,因为被朱棣夺取了皇位,尸骨下落不明,所以这里就没有他的陵墓;在明朝第七代皇帝英宗的时候,他曾经被宦官王振怂恿,率军亲征,后来在河北怀来的土木堡被瓦刺军俘虏,这个事件称为“土木之变”,一国不能无君,所以他的兄弟就被册封为景泰帝,而后又上演了英宗重新夺取皇位的“夺门之变”,所以在十三陵中没有景泰帝的陵墓,他以亲王的礼节被安葬在西郊的金山口。这样一来,大家一定都明白了为什么这里叫做十三陵了。

从十三陵出来,我们来到了清朝第一大贪官和珅的府邸—亲王府

大门入园——后罩楼——龙王庙——西洋门——独乐峰——蝠池——安善堂——流杯亭——垂花门——明道斋(展室)——大戏楼——绿天小隐——福字碑——澄怀撷秀——秋水山房——榆关——出园

乾隆四十一年,即1776年,和珅开始在这东依前海,背靠后海的位置修建他的豪华宅第,时称“和第”。有说法称、明弘治年间、大太监李广也曾经置第于此。嘉庆四年正月初三太上皇弘历归天,次日嘉庆褫夺了和珅军机大臣、九门提督两职,抄了其家,估计全部财富

约值白银两千万两,相当于清政府半年的财政收入,所以有“和珅跌倒,嘉庆吃饱”的说法。同年正月十八,即1799年2月22日,和珅被“赐令自尽”。而宅子本身,则如愿归“爱豪宅不爱江山”的胞弟庆僖亲王永璘所有。与此同时,嫁予和珅之子的乾隆之女和孝公主,仍居住在半座宅第中,导游词《北京导游词》。咸丰元年,即1851年,清末重要政治人物恭亲王奕訢成为这所宅子的第三代主人,改名恭王府,恭王府之名由此沿用至今。“一座恭王府,半部清朝史”是历史地理学家侯仁之对恭王府的评价。民国初年,这座王府被恭亲王的孙子溥伟以40万块大洋卖给教会,后由辅仁大学用108根金条赎回,并用作女生学堂。新中国成立以后,王府曾被公安部宿舍、风机厂、音乐学院等多家单位使用过。

如果说恭王府代表的是王府文化的话,那么四合院应该就是能代表我们百姓文化的了,现在让我们来到北京的老宅子—四合院!

四合院,可说是天下闻名,老北京人都说如果没有了四合院,北京就像没有了生命一样,它倒是成了北京的“掌上明珠”!

北京的四合院所以有名,还在于它的构成有独特之处,在中国传统住宅建筑中具有典型性和代表性。中国住宅建筑大部分是内院式住宅,南方地区的住宅院落很小,四周房屋连成一体,称作“一颗印”。这种住宅适合于南方的气候条件,通风采光均欠理想。

北京的四合院,院落宽绰疏朗,四面房屋各自独立,彼此之间有游廊联接,起居十分方便 ,所谓四合,“四”指东、西、南、北四面,“合”即四面房屋围在一起,形成崐一个“口”字形。经过数百年的营建,北京四合院从平面布局到内部结构、细部装修都形成了京师特有的京味风格。

北京正规四合院一般依东西向的胡同而坐北朝南,基本形制是分居四面的北房(正房)、南房(倒座房)和东、西厢房,四周再围以高墙形成四合,开一个门。 大门辟于宅院东南角“巽”位。

四合院中间是庭院,院落宽敞,庭院中植树栽花,备缸饲养金鱼,是四合院布局的中心,也是人们穿行、采光、通风、纳凉、休息、家务劳动的场所。 四合院是封闭式的住宅,对外只有一个街门,关起门来自成天地,具有很强的私密性非常适合独家居住。院内,四面房子都向院落方向开门,一家人在里面和亲和美,其乐融融。由于院落宽敞,可在院内植树栽花,饲鸟养鱼,叠石造景。居住者不仅享有舒适的住房,还可分享大自然赐予的一片美好天地。四合院,也是华北地区民用住宅中的一种组合建筑形式,是一种四四方方或者是长方形的院落。 一家一户,住在一个封闭式的院子里,过着一种安逸、消闲、清静的日子,享受家庭的欢欣、天伦的乐趣,自然有一种令人悠然自得的气氛。之所以这样,北京四合院讲究绿化,院内种树种花,确是花木扶疏,幽雅宜人。老北京爱种的花有丁香、海棠、榆叶梅、山桃花等等,树多是枣树、槐树。花草除栽种外,还可盆栽、水养。

盆栽花木最常见的是石榴树、夹竹桃、金桂、银桂、杜鹃、栀子等等,种石榴取石榴"多子"之兆。至于阶前花圃中的草茉莉、凤仙花、牵牛花、扁豆花,更是四合院的家常美景了。

它虽为居住建筑,却蕴含着深刻的文化内涵,是中华传统文化的载体。

有些家庭,为了把院落装饰点缀一番,还在院落一进门处的正对面,修建一个影壁,也即是一堵砖墙。在正对大门的这一面,一般都有花卉、松竹图案或者大幅的书法字样醒目地放置影壁正面。上书“福”、“禄”、“寿”等象征吉祥的字样。也有一部分影壁,绘上吉祥的图案,如“松鹤延年”、“喜鹊登梅”、“麒麟送子”等等,给四合院内制造了一种书香翰墨的气氛。也有的农家,采用“五谷丰登”、“吉祥如意”、“福如东海”的字样或图画。这种影壁,设在大门之内的迎门处,有的是单独建筑的,有的是镶在厢房山墙上的。影壁,也称照壁,壁身都为正方形,四周用砖雕装饰,中间的方块为书法或者绘画。照壁分为基座和壁身两个部分,除去给庭院增加气氛,祈祷吉祥之外,照壁也起到一种使外界难以窥视院内活动的隔离作用。

如果四合院没了,那就彻底失去了老北京的文化色彩,那不仅是北京的符号,也是北京的魂儿。可想而之四合院是北京的一种文化特色,成为了北京美丽的风景线!

本次的北京四合院之旅就要到这里结束了!

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篇10:辽宁沈阳故宫导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 2251 字

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各位游客们,大家好!,在繁华的沈阳古城中心,有一座巍峨庄严的清代宫殿建筑群。那里就是我们这天的目的地――沈阳故宫

依建筑时光和布局,沈阳故宫的建筑可分为三部分,它们分别是东路、中路、西路。这天,我们就按这个顺序。首先参观东路建筑。沈阳故宫以其独特的建筑艺术和特殊的历史而闻名中外,在这片绚丽多彩,雄伟多姿的建筑群中,最古老,最具特色的就是我们面前的大政殿。

大政殿草创于1620xx年,是处理国家政务和举行庆典活动的主要场所之一。大政殿为八角重檐攒尖式建筑,外形近似满族早期在山林中狩猎时所搭的帐篷。在大政殿的房脊上,还饰有八个蒙古力士,牵引着八条铁链,象征着“八方归一”。正门前的大柱上,盘旋着两条翘首扬爪的金龙,是受汉族敬天畏龙思想的影响,以龙代表天子的至尊无上。大政殿建筑特点的多样性,体现了多民族文化的融合。金龙盘柱,尽显中原之风;八位力士又流露了浓郁的蒙古色彩;而亭帐式的风貌,则是满族古老文化的延续。作为最早使用和最为重要的宫殿之一。许多重大历史事件都以大政殿为舞台上演。1643年,六岁的顺治皇帝在大政殿继承帝位,并于次年在此颁布了出兵令,命摄政王多尔哀兵入山海关直捣中原,最终完成了满清一代的一统大业。

大政殿两侧南向,十王亭呈燕翅排列。错落有致,如众星拱月,南宽北狭,似无穷无尽,象征兵多将广,万世绵延。十王亭是清朝入关前左右翼王和八旗旗主在皇宫内办公的地方。它们与大政殿构成了一组亭子式的院落建筑,反映了满族独特的军政体制――八旗制度,这在中国的历史上堪称独步天下。远在努尔哈赤立国之初,凡遇军国大事都由汗王与八旗贝勒大臣共同讨论决定。努尔哈赤定都沈阳后,在修建宫殿时便将这种“君臣合署办公”的制度固定化。以建筑的形式表现了八旗制度和“八和硕贝勒共治国政”的政体及军事民主的思想。因而构成了大政殿、十五亭这组独特的建筑,为中国宫殿建筑史写下了空前的一页。

各位朋友,此刻我们来到了中路。从1620xx年皇太极继承汗位,即续建皇宫,构成沈阳故宫的中路建筑。中路建筑前起大清门,后至清宁宫,院落三进,独成一体。大清门是沈阳故宫的正门,为皇帝临朝前,文武百官候朝的地方。它便是演义小说中俗称的“午朝门”。大清门的屋顶满铺黄琉璃瓦并衬以绿色剪边,既保留了以黄为尊的传统观念,又体现了满族对故乡山林的深厚眷念。从而构成了区别北京故宫的一个特点――宫殿顶覆以黄琉璃瓦镶以绿色剪边。穿过大清门,北望便是崇政殿。崇政殿俗称“金銮殿”,是清太宗皇太极举行日常朝会的地方。1635年,皇太极下令将族名‘女真”改为“满洲”。1636年皇太极在崇政殿登基称帝,上尊号“宽温仁圣”,将国号“金”改为“清”年号“天聪”改为“崇德”。

各位朋友,古代宫殿建筑布局讲究“前朝后寝”。看过了皇帝上朝的金銮殿,请大家随我去参观帝后的寝宫。穿过崇政殿两侧的左右翊门,举目可见位于3。8米高台之上的凤凰楼。楼后为帝后寝居的后宫――台上五宫。与崇政殿比较又构成了沈阳故宫不一样于北京故宫的特点――“宫高殿低”。而北京故宫则恰恰相反,是“殿高官低”。

凤凰楼为宴饮、议事之所,是当年沈阳城的最高建筑,诗称“欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”可谓十分贴切。登上凤凰楼俯瞰四周,万般景物尽收眼底,可饱览盛京全景,也可观赏日出。“凤楼晓日”是当年著名的盛京八景之一。凤凰楼门洞上方悬有“紫气东来”匾,为乾隆皇帝御笔。而乾隆皇帝则是借用这个典故寓意大清的国运兴起于东方。

各位朋友,穿过凤凰楼底层的通道后,我们就进入了后妃居住的台上五官。台上五官是清宁宫、关雎宫、麟趾宫、衍庆宫、永福宫。

此刻请大家随我参观皇太极和皇后的寝宫――清宁宫。清宁宫东梢门称“暖阁”,是帝后的卧室。暖阁内分南北二室,二室均设火炕。1643年八月初九,皇太极在暖阁内驾崩,终年52岁,后葬于沈阳昭陵,即北陵。

清宁东次间开门,是典型的满族民居――口袋房,西四门南西北三面都设火炕,称“万字炕”。与汉族有所不一样的是,满族人将烟囱建在屋后,而且从地面向上垒起。这种“口袋房,万字炕、烟囱竖在地面上”的建筑特点具有浓郁的满族风格了。

各位朋友,此刻请随我去参观西路建筑。西路建于1782年至1783年,主要包括:戏台、嘉荫堂、文溯阁等。说起文溯阁,我们不能不提到乾隆皇帝和《四库全书》。出于加强文化统治的需要,乾隆皇帝于1772年下诏访求天下藏书,历经十余年时光编成一部大型丛书。该书分经、史、子、集四部,所以称为《四库全书》。书修成后,抄录七部,在全国建七座藏书阁分别收藏,沈阳故宫的文溯阁便是其中之一。提起宫殿建筑,我们很容易想起“红墙绿瓦”、“金壁辉煌’这类词汇。而文溯阁却与众不一样,屋顶用黑琉璃瓦镶绿剪边,整个建筑以黑绿两色为主色调,这与它的用途是分不开的。文溯阁藏书忌火,依据五行字说立色配饰,装修取《易经》“北方壬癸水”其色属黑,因此屋顶用黑色琉璃瓦,寓意水从天降,消灭火灾。文溯阁外观为两层,内部实为三层,书架上的木盒称函匣,用于收藏书籍。目前文溯阁的《四库全书》保存在甘肃省图书馆。

看到那里,我们这天的参观已经接近尾声。沈阳故宫的三路建筑是分期建造的,布局却是一气呵成,完整和谐。个性是三路建筑分别代表了“八和硕贝勒共治国政”、“皇太极南面独尊”、“康乾盛世”三个时期社会发展的基本特征。“建筑是凝固的历史”,从总体来看,沈阳故宫以建筑的方式反映了满族政权和满族社会由崛起――兴盛一高度发展的历史进程。

各位游客,我们这天的参观就要结束了,期望故宫之行能给您留下完美的回忆。

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篇11:北京的北海公园导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 508 字

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游客朋友们:? 您们好,欢迎您到北海公园参观游览。

北海公园全区可分为琼华岛、团城、北海东岸与北岸四个部分琼华岛是全园的中心,岛上建筑、造景繁复多变,堪称北海胜景东部以佛教建筑为主,永安寺、正觉殿、白塔,自下而上,高低错落,其中尤以高耸入云的白塔最为醒目;西部以悦心殿、庆霄楼等系列建筑为主,另有阅古楼、漪澜堂、双虹榭和许多假山隧洞、回廊、曲径等建筑。?

北海东、北两岸有建筑群多处,各具特色,有画舫斋、濠濮涧、静心斋、天王殿、小西天、五龙亭、九龙壁等园中园和佛寺建筑北海南为屹立于水滨的团城,以永安桥与琼华岛相连;团城上的建筑按中轴线对称布置,主殿承光殿位于中央,规模宏大,造型精巧。

北海公园的面积为68公顷,其中水面约占39公顷总观北海全园的建筑布局,以白塔为中心,以琼华岛为主体的四面景观。山顶耸立的白塔建于清顺治八年(1651年),内藏有喇嘛经卷和衣钵等四周殿阁相连,形成众星捧月之势湖东岸、北岸有几处庭院、寺庙建筑湖边的五龙亭似飘若动,构成了北海的又一独特景致。位于北岸的九龙壁更是气势磅礴,为中国仅有的三个九龙壁之一园中的“仿膳饭庄”以经营清宫风味菜肴著称。对于北海公园的介绍就到这里,接下来请大家自由参观。

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篇12:简单的北京明十三陵导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 2710 字

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各位游客:

你们好,欢迎你们来到北京旅游,我是你们的导游x。

1992年,在“北京旅游世界之最”的评定中,专家学者对十三陵的判定语为“世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝最多的墓葬群”。20_年7月,明十三陵被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》明清皇家陵寝的扩展项目。《世界遗产名录》对它的评价如下:“明清皇家陵寝依照风水理论,精心选址,将数量众多的建筑物巧妙的安置于地下。它是人类改变自然的产物,体现了传统的建筑装饰思想,阐释了封建中国持续了500余年的世界观和权力观。”

(明成祖朱棣)

十三陵的第一个陵是长陵,从永乐七年(公元1409)动工兴建,到永乐十一年(公元l413)玄宫告成。长陵位于天寿山丰峰南面,它是永乐帝朱棣和皇后徐氏的合葬墓。

明成祖朱棣是明太祖朱元璋的第四个儿子,生于元至正二十年(1360),明洪武三年(130)封为燕王,洪武十三年(1380)就藩北平。建文元年(1399)朱棣发动“靖难之役”,建文四年(1420)继承皇位,第二年改元永乐。其较突出的历史功绩有:主持编撰《永乐大典》和派遣郑和下西洋。中国被收入《世界遗产名录》的文化古迹中,有4项是朱棣开创奠基的,他们是北京故宫,北京天坛,北京明十三陵,湖北武当山道教古建筑群。皇后徐氏,是开国功臣中山王徐达的长女。永乐五年(公元1420_年)七月四日病逝,永乐十一年(公元1420_年),首先被葬入长陵,她是葬入十三陵的第一人。长陵是明十三陵中规模宏大,营建时间最长,保存的最好的一座陵。

(长陵布局:长陵祾恩殿)

长陵陵园平面布局为“前方后圆”形制。“前方”,是三进深院落:第一深进院落大门为陵门,单檐歇山顶宫门式建筑,门内明朝时东建有神厨,西建有神库,神厨前有碑亭一座,神厨,神库均毁于清朝中期,碑亭尚存;第二进深院落大门为祾恩门,单檐歇山顶。门内即祾恩殿,面阔九间进深五间,重檐庑殿顶。祾恩殿是供奉帝后神位和举行祭祀活动的场所。“祾”是“祭而受福”,“恩”是“罔极之恩”的意思。长陵祾恩殿是明代帝王陵中唯一保存完整的祾恩殿。殿内有60根金丝楠木柱,当中4根柱的直径在l米以上,是我国保存最好的楠木大殿,十分珍贵;第三进深院落大门为棂星门,门内有两柱牌楼门和石几筵。“后圆”即指永乐帝的陵墓,它由宝城,宝山,方城,明楼组成。宝城状如圆形城堡,宝城围起来的土山]宝山,宝山下为玄宫。宝城正前方建方城,方城之上为重檐歇山顶明楼。明楼是每座陵墓的标志,也是每座陵墓中轴线上的最高建筑。原碑刻着朱棣原来的庙号“太宗”,后来世宗嘉靖七年(公元1528)改太宗为成祖,但没能换石碑,只是用木雕镶在成祖的石碑上。明楼内立“圣号碑”碑首为“大明”,下刻“成祖文皇帝之陵”7个字。

长陵陵园还辖有东,西井。东井在德陵馒头山的南面,西井在定陵西北。“井”内葬有被赐死的殉葬宫妃。

明长陵位于北京市昌平区怀长路上,处在天寿山主峰南麓,是明朝第三位皇帝成祖文皇帝朱棣(年号永乐)和皇后徐氏的合葬陵寝。在十三陵中建筑规模最大,营建时间最早,地面建筑也保存得最为完好。它是十三陵中的祖陵,也是陵区内最主要的旅游景点之一。长陵于永乐七年(1420_年)开始修建,永乐十三年(1420_年)完工。现存建筑有宝城、明楼、石五供、两柱牌楼门、祾恩殿、祾恩门、碑亭以及三进院落的宫墙和因墙而设的陵门、角门等。地宫未发掘,同时没有被盗墓记录。长陵目前对公众开放。

明长陵位于北京市昌平县境内,距北京故宫五十公里。陵区南起石牌坊,北倚天寿山主峰。四面环山,绿树丛丛。南面又有龙虎两山左右对峙,势如门户。当中奔流不息的山水自西向东而去,好似天然的护陵河。南北贯通的高速路似一条巨龙连接着长陵至故宫。

明长陵为十三陵之首,永乐皇帝和皇后徐氏的合葬墓。是永乐皇帝建北京皇宫(故宫)的第三年(公元1420_年)自建的“寿宫”。陵园规模宏大,用料严格考究,施工精细,工程浩繁,营建时日旷久,仅地下宫殿就历时四年。

明长陵陵恩殿是嗣皇帝祭祀永乐帝后的场所,建筑在汉白玉雕刻成的三层台基上,金砖铺地。殿面阔九间(66.56米),进深五间(29.12米),象征着皇帝“_”之位。所有木件全用金丝楠木为之,古色古香。一米多直径,十几米高的六十根金丝楠木大柱,承托着二千三百平方米的重檐庑殿顶,雄伟壮观、举世无双。最粗的一根重檐金柱,高12.58米,底径达到1.124米,为世间罕见佳木。殿中端坐于九龙宝座之上的永乐皇帝铜像,形象逼真,做工精湛考究,此造像是巨上精美绝伦的艺术佳作。此外陈列着明陵地宫出土文物数百件,播放1956年发掘地宫的实况录像,帮助游人解开地宫之谜。

明长陵,建筑最早、面积最大、规模最宏伟、工艺用料最考究、原建筑保护最完整。历经六百年沧桑,仍完好无损,金碧辉煌。它早已被公布为全国第一秕重点文物保护单位。它不权以其宏大的古建筑和辉煌的艺术成就,丰富的历史文化内涵,吸引着每年数以百万计的中外游人和各界专家学者,而且永乐皇帝是世界上赫赫有名的一代有作为的皇帝,所以长陵又是世界最有名的旅游胜地之一。

景区

祾恩门

《太常续考》等文献记载,天寿山诸陵陵殿名为“祾恩殿”,殿门名之为“祾恩门”,始于嘉靖十七年(1538年),是世宗朱厚熜亲易佳名。其中,“祾”字取“祭而受福”之意,“恩”字取“罔极之恩”意,长陵棱恩门,为单檐歇山顶形制,面阔五间(通阔31.44米),进深二间(通深14.37米),正脊顶部距地面高14.57米。檐下斗拱为单翘重昂七踩式,其平身科斗拱耍头的后尾作斜起的杆状,与宋清做法俱不相同。室内明间、次间各设板门一道,稍间封以墙体。其中明间板门之上安有华带式榜额,书“祾恩门”三金字。“稜”字系后世修葺时误写。门下承以旱白玉栏杆围绕的须弥座式台基。其栏杆形制,为龙凤雕饰的望柱,和宝瓶、三幅云式的栏板。台基四角及各栏杆望柱之下,各设有排水用的石雕螭首(龙头)。台基前后则各设有三出踏跺式台阶。其中路台阶间的御路石上雕刻的浅浮雕图案十分精美:下面是海水江牙云腾浪涌,海水中宝山矗立,两匹海马跃出水面凌波奔驰;上面是两条矫健的巨龙在云海中升降飞腾,追逐火珠,呈现出一派波澜壮阔的雄伟景象。

陵宫建筑

长陵的陵宫建筑,占地约12万平方米。其平面布局呈前方后圆形状。其前面的方形部分,由前后相连的三进院落组成。第一进院落,前设陵门一座。其制为单檐歇山顶的宫门式建筑,面阔显五间,檐下额枋、飞子、檐椽及单昂三踩式斗拱均系琉璃构件;其下辟有三个红券门。陵门之前建有月台,左右建有随墙式角门(已拆除并封塞)。院内,明朝时建有神厨(居左)、神库(居右)各五间,神厨之前建有碑亭一座。神厨、神库均毁于清代中期,碑亭则保存至今。

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篇13:故宫导游词音译英语

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 3090 字

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Everybody is good! I am Forbidden City tourism YanJian you can call me xiaoyan tour guide, I want to go with you today Beijing famous scenic spots: the Forbidden City. We went there today: taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace.

I mainly introduce the palace first: Beijings Forbidden City, is one of the worlds largest and best preserved ancient palace complex, is the highest level of ancient Chinese architecture. Beijing the imperial palace, the Ming dynasty yongle four years (1406), was built in the eighteenth year (1420), is the imperial palace during the Ming and qing dynasties, the timely according to the Forbidden City, beginning in 1925, according to the Forbidden City. Ancestor cheng, Beijing from 1421 to 1911 revolution to overthrow the qing government, the last emperor pu yi out of the palace, to end the rule of feudal dynasty in Chinese history, the palace has been the ruling class of the political and cultural center of China, has experienced the 24 emperors.

The Palace Museum covers an area of 720xx0 square meters, construction area of 150000 square meters, the existing buildings of more than 980, have house more than 8700, around the Forbidden City around 10 meters high walls, and there are more than 50 meters wide moat. The middle of the Ming and qing dynasties imperial palace was built in the city, to the north and the south central axis, faces south, which fully reflect the supreme imperial power of the feudal rule, outside the Forbidden City is emperor city, outside the imperial city and Beijing city, the city surrounded by city, shows the guarded hierarchy. In history, the Forbidden City has repeatedly reconstruction for fire and other reasons, but the basic pattern has not changed, the entire palace after the building is divided into north and south power at the two parts. Power with taihe, neutralization, and three main halls, are the three main halls in the Forbidden Citys tallest building, it is the place where the emperor held a major ceremony, is the symbol of the feudal imperial power.

Back to the palace of heavenly purity, tai temple, palace of earthly tranquility of delivery as the center, around something natural to wing, is the emperor, empress, wives, princess lived. Power after the katyn, clear-cut, cannot overstep casually, embodies the ancient Chinese traditional hierarchical, both inside and outside have other ethics. Craftsman will such a large scale of Chinese architecture planning in order to use heavy doors and courtyard to the imperial palace and orderly combination into the magnificent buildings. The Forbidden City planning and construction of the Ming and qing dynasty, not only inherited the tradition of ancient Chinese architecture, the development and innovation, is the ancient Chinese culture and the achievements of the ancient Chinese architectural art. Its indoor and outdoor architectural space combination, the collocation of cubic construction size, the use of materials, the sketch of the display, decoration, the choice of the color are reached the high level, the exciting art effect.

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篇14:北京颐和园导游词400字范文

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 395 字

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各位游客朋友:

大家好!

欢迎来到颐和园,颐和园是个美丽的大公园,那里有很多美丽的景色,能让您大开眼界,使你留连忘返。别光说了,我这就带大家去游览一下吧!

进了大门就来到大殿,参观了大殿一眼就能看见那条有名的长廊。绿漆的柱子,红漆的栏杆,一眼望不到头。这条长廊有七百多米长,分成273间。每一间的横槛上都画着五彩的画,画着人物、花草、风景,完几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。走长廊,就来到万寿山脚下。抬头一看,一座三角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上,黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光。那就是佛香阁。登万寿山从上往下望,颐和园的景色大半收在眼底。葱郁的树丛,掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。从万寿山下来,就是昆明湖。昆明湖上有一座石桥,那座石桥通往一个小岛。那座石桥有十七个桥洞,叫十七孔桥,桥栏杆上有上百根石柱,柱子上雕刻着小狮子。这么多狮子,姿态不一,没有哪两只是相同的!

游客们这次旅行就到这儿了,拜拜!

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篇15:导游词的北京故宫

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 1515 字

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各位朋友,先自我介绍一下……。今日我将带大家参观故宫博物院,此刻我先为大家作个简单介绍。

故宫位于北京市城区中心,是明、清两代的皇宫,是当今世界上现存规模、建筑雄伟、保存完整的古代皇家宫殿。故宫又叫紫禁城。紫禁城是中国五个多世纪以来的权力中心,它以园林景观和容纳了家具及工艺品的9000个房间的庞大建筑群,成为明清时代中国礼貌无价的历史见证。1987年,北京故宫被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。

故宫座北朝南,开有四条门。各位朋友,那里就是故宫的正门,叫午门,意思是正午的太阳光芒四射。各位请看!在10米高的城墙上耸立着五座崇楼,楼顶飞檐翅起,从上头看就象五只展翅欲飞的凤凰,故午门又称五凤楼。它建成于公元1420年,位于端门之北,雄伟壮观。

各位朋友,此刻我们已经进入故宫。那里是故宫进院落,首先出此刻我们面前的是五座汉白玉石桥,它们象征五德,即仁、义、礼、智、信,是皇帝集完美的品质为一身的意思。金水桥下是内金水河,跨过金水桥就来到了太和门广场,那里就是明代皇帝御门听政时百官待驾的地方。

好,下头请各位去参观末代皇帝溥仪举行登基大典礼的太和殿。此刻我们来到了故宫中重要的院落--太和殿及其广场,那里就是皇家举行盛大典礼的地方。好!那里能够拍下远处太和殿的全景,各位能够在此留个影,过一会儿,我再给大家介绍一下太和殿。

各位朋友,我们眼前的太和殿是整座紫禁城内级别的建筑,仅有皇帝举行盛大典礼时才使用,象征皇权的至高无上,太和殿俗称金銮殿,是我国现存木结构大殿的杰出典范之作。太和殿始建于公元1420年,当时叫奉天殿。之后,该叫皇极殿。清顺治皇帝登基后,重修三大殿,并将皇极殿改为太和殿。

太和殿高35米,东西长64米,南北宽33米,面积为2377平方米。它面阔十一间,进深5间,规模为紫禁城内大殿之。装饰用的彩绘为等级的金龙和玺。殿顶形式为等级的重檐庑殿顶,就连大殿正脊上的吻兽也是我国目前的,总之处处显示,那是皇帝认为“老子天下”思想的体现。

看完了太和殿,我们再来看中和殿。大家请看!中和殿是皇帝在大典前等待吉时、稍事休息的地方。下头,请大家跟我来一齐参观当时的国宴厅--保和殿。

各位朋友,这座大殿是故宫前朝三大殿中的后一座大殿,叫保和殿。这座大殿被称为清代的国宴厅及科举考场,自乾隆皇帝以后,那里便成为每四年一次的皇家科举考场。

好啦!故宫的前三殿讲解到此结束,此刻请大家参观保和殿并稍适休息,我们10分钟后集合,多谢大家!

各位,故宫整个院落分为两大部分,即“前朝”和“后寝”。“前朝”是皇帝举行盛大典礼的地方,以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿及东西两侧的文华殿及武英殿为主。“后寝”是皇帝及后妃、未成年的子嗣们居住的地方,主要以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫及东西六宫为主。此刻,我介绍一下故宫的后半部分,即“后寝”。

各位朋友,此刻我们来到了乾清宫,这是皇帝在紫禁城中居住和处理日常政事的地方。乾清宫分为中殿、东暖阁及西暖阁三个部分。正殿是皇帝处理日常政务、临时按见大臣的地方,殿中设有皇帝宝座及御案,正中挂着一块“正大光明”匾,那是清朝皇帝的祖训,作为治国、修身、平天下的基本准则。东、西暖阁是皇帝晚上住宿的地方。

由于时间关系,我们就先讲到那里,此刻请各位随我去参观交泰殿。各位请看,这座四角攒尖顶的大殿叫交泰殿,这座建筑是明清两朝皇后过生日时举行寿庆活动的地方。在大殿后墙匾额上有“无为”二字,那里是康熙皇帝的御笔,意思是期望后代能够以德制国,施以仁政,以图国家长治久安。

各位朋友,此刻我们来到了紫禁城的后花园--御花园,那里是帝后们的休闲娱乐的场所。大家能够在这座名字叫堆秀山的假山前拍照留念。

好啦,各位朋友,故宫中路的讲解到此结束。

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篇16:最新的北京世界公园导游词范文

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 493 字

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列位敬爱的游客您们好,

我是此次率领您们游世界公园导游,您们可以或许叫我蒋导,您们需要我帮手的话,我会死力而为的。下里我往道道我们的道路:先往埃菲我铁塔、巴黎圣母院、美国黑宫……等下人人本人赏识,再回旅馆,下昼的旅游下昼再道。

正前里的是埃菲我铁塔:建设地点是法国巴黎战神广场,设计师是居斯塔夫•塔菲我。该塔从1887年起建,分为三楼,离别正在离空中57.6米、115.7米和276.1米处,个中一、二楼设有餐厅,第三楼建有不雅观景台,从塔座到塔顶共有1711级路径,共用往钢铁7000吨,120xx个金属部件,250万只铆钉,共花往745万7千法郎,极为壮不雅观。

下里我往讲讲巴黎圣母院:巴黎圣母院正在法国西岱的东南端,建制于1163年,竣工于1345年,建筑师是尚•德•开耶、皮耶•德•受待厄依、尚•哈维、维优雷•杜克。巴黎圣母院是一座哥特式气焰气焰的教堂,是希奇巴黎的意味。它立正在塞纳河中西岱岛的东端。

好了我们背前走,我们看睹的是美国黑宫。美国黑宫是美国总统宫邸,1920xx年美国总统罗斯祸尾先用“黑宫”一词。后成了美国的当局代表。

好了您们人人本人往游赏吧!人人下昼再睹,拜拜!

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篇17:介绍北京居庸关的导游词范文

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 652 字

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各位游客大家好!我是考古旅行社建筑部的导游,我姓顾名皓安,大家可以直呼我姓名。

今天我会带领大家参观居庸关长城。这段长城如一条威武的巨龙,潜伏在北京西北部的莽莽森林中。长城,原先是由战国时期的燕国等三个国家分别建设的。秦始皇同意六国后,加以连接和修整,抵挡北方匈奴侵犯。明代,皇帝又遣工匠加以修复,这才是我们现在要游览的长城。

大家抬头看,这便是居庸关大门。用红的、绿的、黄的琉璃瓦和木头制成。五颜六色的砖瓦间,一块匾额显得引人注目,上书“天下第一雄关”。据说,这“一”是用头发沾上墨水写成的呢!

爬上长城,我们来到了好汉坡。这块白玉碑上,刻着毛主席“不到长城非好汉”的名句。出自《清平乐·六盘山》,表达了毛泽东及红军立下决心征讨国民党反动派和日本鬼子,保卫中华国土的景象。可以说,这些字是革命烈士用鲜血写成的。各位游客可以在这里稍事休息,拍照留念。

各位游客请注意,接下来进入不露天通道,道路会变得十分陡,请小心为上。

出了通道,我们来到了炮台。左右两旁都安放有用以远程攻击敌人的火炮,通常由两位卫士和炮兵把守。火炮间的军旗十分漂亮,红红的底布,缝上凤、;龙等图案,再镶上金边,可以十分有效地振奋士气。

让我们继续向上爬。接下来去点将台。台上朱红色的武器架上的孔,插满了各式各样的武器。坚硬的狼牙棒,轻轻的长棒,宽阔的大刀和多用的长戟等,哪一样不显出秦始皇将士的气势?再加上两边威风凛凛的守护陶俑,秦始皇当年点兵出征的景象仿佛就在眼前。

本次参观活动已接近尾声,请大家走下长城,去选购一些工艺品或纪念品吧。

谢谢大家!

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篇18:故宫导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 440 字

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各位游客们:

大家好!我叫李雨果,大家怎么称呼我呢?叫我李导就行了,很高兴我能陪同大家一起参观故宫

北京故宫位于北京市中心,是明清两代的皇宫,故宫有称为“紫禁城”。故宫经历有明清两个朝代和24个皇帝。故宫规模宏大,西东宽750米,南北长960米,占地72万平方米,建筑积15万多平方米,有房屋1000多间,是世界历史上最大最完整的古代建筑。进了故宫的大门,你就会看见五座汉白玉石桥,为什么是五座,而不是七座、八座,甚至十座呢?原来,古时候的皇帝都必须带有仁、义、礼、智、信这种特点,所以才是五座石桥的。桥上有上百根石柱,柱子上刻着无数的小狮子,那么多的小狮子,有的颔首低眉,好像是忧闷而不开心的样子,有的张牙武爪,好像是展示自己的威武。 故宫的御花园,原名宫后椀,占地一万二千平方米。以鉄安殿为中心,园林建筑采用石砖来修建,左右对称的格砖紧凑。殿东北的堆秀山上筑御景亭,每年重阳节,皇上就在此登高。

好了游客们我们在这里歇一会,休息一下,你们也可以拍下自己喜欢的景点,注意卫生和安全。

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篇19:导游词北京故宫200字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 351 字

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各位来自世界各地的游客们,大家好!欢迎来到故宫,我是来自河南油田的王导游,下面的时间就由我带大家去细细游赏美丽的故宫。

故宫是世界上保存最完好,规模最大的古代木构架宫殿建筑群。看,此时这是故宫朝南的正门,叫做午门。午门的下面有五个拱门,正中间的门只有皇帝才能出入,即使地位很高的大臣,也只能使用两端的小门,地方上的诸侯只能使用两端最小的小门,一般的百姓连靠近故宫都不行,但是此刻谁都能够进啦!

瞧!这个建筑叫太和门。是故宫里最大的木制大门。在这儿放着一对狮子,它强悍、威武、高大,代表着皇帝的威严。

正前面的大殿叫太和殿,是故宫内最大的建筑物,并且是过去北京城最高的建筑物,你们觉得它高吗是的,它此刻一点也不高,因为北京发展很快,高的建筑物比比皆是。

好了,我的讲解告一段落,大家自由游览,30分钟后在这儿集合

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篇20:沈阳故宫导游词英文版

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 1006 字

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大家好!我是小吴,这天由我来带领大家游览沈阳故宫。沈阳故宫始建于后金天命十年(1620xx年),建成于清崇德元年(1636年),是清太祖努尔哈赤和清太宗皇太极营造和使用过的宫殿。清世祖福临也曾在那里继位,改元“顺治”、并于当年入关,统治全中国。沈阳故宫占地6万多平方米,全部建筑计300多间,共组成20多个院落。按其布局,可分为东路、中路和西路三大部分。我们计划游用三个小时的时光去游览,此刻我们已将到了,大家下车,先听我说几句。

首先,我告诉大家,注意的事项。第一,大家要紧跟我身后,不要走丢了。第二,要在规定的时光内集合,如果找不到了,请拨打我的手机。第三,不要乱扔东西,讲卫生。第四,持续安静,不要大喊大叫。好了,出发了。

沈阳故宫是中国现存仅次于北京故宫的最完整的皇宫建筑。在建筑艺术上承袭了中国古代建筑的传统,集汉、满、蒙族艺术为一体,具有很高的历史和艺术价值。

大家看,这座占地六万平方米的古建筑群始建于620xx年,建成于1636年,全部建筑90余所,300余间。清朝进关后对盛京皇宫又进行了保护和扩建,到乾隆时基本构成今日规模。

大家看,沈阳故宫那金龙蟠柱的太政殿、崇政殿,排如雁行的十王亭、万宇炕口袋房的清宁宫,古朴典雅的文朔阁,以及凤凰楼等高台建筑。在中国宫殿建筑史上,绝无仅有;那机富满族情调的“宫高殿低”的建筑风格,更是“别无分号”。

沈阳老城内的大街号“井”字形,故宫就设在“井”字形大街的中心,占地6万平方米,现有古建筑114座。主要建筑有大政殿,十王亭、大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼、清宁宫、文溯阁等。大政殿是用来举行诸如颁布诏书、军队出征、迎接将士凯旋和皇帝即位等大典的地方。十王亭则是左右翼王和八旗大臣办事的地方。这种君臣合署办事于宫廷的现象,体现了创业初期君臣平等的历史,也是从打天下到坐天下的君臣平等的延续。到了入关后,从北京故宫开始,这种平等被逐渐打破,最终构成了高高在上的君王。

中间高耸的建筑是沈阳故宫里唯一的烟囱。故宫里每一个房间的炕火都从地下的通道汇聚到这个烟囱里,这是他们一统天下的思想的象征。这个烟囱共有11级,最上方一级只有三块砖构成。导游说,这个一统天下的烟囱反而成了清朝的谶语:清朝共有11位皇帝,最后的宣统帝只做了三年江山,就是那三块砖的预示。想当年努尔哈赤在修建这个一统天下烟囱的时候,如果早知如此,肯定会加多几层吧?!

下方,请大家自由参观。三个小时后在那里准时集合。

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