丽江古城导游词英语【20篇】

Hello, everyone! Im your guide. You can call me Xiao Zheng. Today, Imtaking you to Linjinyu, Zhangzhou coastal volcanic Geopark.

Zhangzhou coastal volcanic Geopark includes Linjinyu ancient volcanicisland, Niutoushan ancient volcanic pass, Nanding Island, Yulinshan, etc. Today,I will take you to appreciate the special geological features of Linjinyu, anancient volcanic island.

How did the name "Lin Jin Yu" come from? There is a legend here: long ago,there was a man named Lin Zhen in Changtai County who suffered from leprosy andwas abandoned on this island by his people. He eats the animals and plants onthe island, drinks the water on the island, and concentrates on reading. Later,he recovered from his illness. Soon, he won the number one prize and worked inliupin. He worked in the capital for eight years. He was indifferent to fame andwealth. He was unwilling to flatter and said he was ill. This nameless island iscalled "linzhenyu" by later generations. In order to avoid it, it is also called"Linjinyu".

Now we have landed on Linjinyu, please be careful. Alkaline olivinebasaltic rocks can be seen locally on the island. In the long process ofgeological evolution, a rare volcanic landscape in the world has been formed:first, basaltic rock group with complete mechanism; second, lava lakephenomenon; third, giant columnar joints.

In the middle of the island are lush peaks, 72.7 meters above sea level.The spring on the island is clear, and there are goats running in the forest.The island is surrounded by basaltic rocks formed after volcanic eruption. Onthe islands Beihai beach, you can see that 16 craters are closely connected toform a circular ring, like VCT floppy disks. You feel that you can read itsgreat changes in the past thousands of years. The craters here are small andnumerous, there are giant columnar joints of basalt, and there are neat "giantcolumnar stone forest". How can it be controlled? You can think about it.

The island is full of rocks formed after volcanic eruption. The rocks hereare not as orderly arranged as the "stone pillars" in Niutoushan, but they areof various shapes.

Linjinyu in Zhangzhou coastal volcanic Geopark is an old and energeticisland. It is not only a scientific research base and creative base, but also agood place for sightseeing, leisure and vacation.

Here you are. Next you can visit freely. Please pay attention tosafety.

亲爱的游客朋友，欢迎您来到河北省张家口市，您现在所在的大境门是国家级的重点文物保护区，位于张家口市区北端，建于清顺治元年，也就是公元1644年，大境门是中国万里长城中四大关口之一，在历史上有着重要的地位。

大境门是中国万里长城众多关隘中一个十分特殊的关口。它在国内外学术界已经被列入与“山海关、居庸关、嘉峪关”同样重要的关口。我国万里长城的关口都以“关”“口”称谓，而只有张家口的这个关口被称做“境门”，这其中包含着“商文化”和“武文化”的魅力，也流淌着民族融合的历史渊源。

从明朝隆庆5年起，张家口大境门外元宝山一带，逐渐形成了在历史上被称为“贡市”和“茶马互市”的边贸市场。来自蒙古草原和欧洲腹地的牲畜、皮毛、药材、毛织品、银器等在这里换成了丝绸、茶叶、瓷器和白糖，大境门外成为了我国北方国际易货贸易的内陆口岸。封建王朝以长城和门为界，做生意的外族人只能在城外交易。“境门”意思是指边境之门。1927年察哈尔督统高维岳在大境门门楣上书写的“大好河山”四大颜体大字，苍劲有力，颇为壮观，更为大境门增添风韵。

战争与和平，生命与死亡，繁荣与凄凉，在这里周而复始，更迭演绎。大境门历尽沧桑，是张家口历史的见证，许多重要的历史事件都与大境门密切相关。大境门既目睹了旧中国的贫弱，也目睹了新中国的兴旺和塞外张家口的历史巨变。张家口人以大境门为荣，大境门也自然成为张家口的象征。

Good morning, dear friends! Welcome to the beautiful riverside city ofWuhan! Today, I feel very honored to have this opportunity to introduce thecentral cultural tourism area of Wuhan - chuhehan street. If you have anyspecial needs, please let me know and I will try my best to meet your needs. Ihope all of you will enjoy the following Sightseeing time!

Located in the main area of Wuhan City, chuhehan street is a culturaltourism project in the center of the city. It covers an area of 3400000 squaremeters and is divided into five functional areas - Wanda corporate culture area,tourism area, business area, business area and residential area Area.This Theproject has invested 5 billion US dollars, and the design orientation in thisaspect is the first in China. First class world.

Chu River, which runs through the whole project and connects East Lake andShahu Lake, is a man-made river. It is known as the soul of tourist resort. Theriver is excellent. If you want to have its cruise, dont worry, luxury boatsare waiting for you. The environment of these ships, I am sure, they willprovide total water for visiting new ships

The core of this project is the Han commercial pedestrian street. Locatedin the south of Chu River, Han street, 1500 meters long, covers an area of180000 square meters. When you are walking, you may feel as if you are in thepicture of "Riverside Scene on Qingming Festival". There are more than 300first-class brands, including food, gifts, clothing, entertainment, etc. Most ofthe buildings on this street are in the style of Li Mingguo. They areinterspersed with the current fashion style and European style buildings. Fromthese buildings, we can easily find peoples respect for history

The future vision of the area west of Han street, there is a unique filmculture indoor theme park, visit in this fantastic Park, you can enjoy 10interactive entertainment projects. At the same time, 4D cinema, 5D cinema, 6Dcinema, XD cinema and interactive cinema will make you impressive andexciting

Wanda cinema is in the central area of Han street, which is also a placeyou cant miss. There are 25 movie halls and 4500 seats. In China, it is thelargest and most advanced cinema. I think youll like it, wont you?

Hanzhan theater is located in the east of Hanjie. Wanda enterprises and thefamous Frank performing arts company American.The Cinema, which is designed bytop architect mark Fisher, looks like a beautiful red lantern. Its a largevariety show. Everyone will fall in love with it at first sight.

Finally, I would like to recommend to you that there are five remarkablesquare cultural tourist areas, which are Quyuan square, Zhaojun square, Libaisquare, ZhangZhidong square and Yuefei square. After you visit here, you willdeeply feel the charm of Chu culture, and get that their lost era has goneforever. Soon and our visit is to draw a close. I want to tell you that it hasalways been my guidance for you, and I want to thank you for all yourcooperation and support. I am very happy. There is a Chinese saying, "a goodfriend from afar brings a land far away. "I hope it can leave good memories inyour trip, and I welcome you back sometime in the future. I wish you a happyjourney in the next few days!

Dear tourists

Hello and welcome to the ancient lotus pond. Im your guide.

Gulianhuachi, a national key cultural relic protection unit and one of thetop ten famous gardens in China, is located in the center of Baoding city. It isfar from the governors office in Zhili. The main gate of the ancient lotus pondfaces north and south, with a pair of stone lions in front of the gate. The gatetower is surrounded by three gates and three couplets. A large horizontal plaqueof "ancient lotus pond" written by President Xu Shichang at the beginning of theRepublic of China is hanging above the middle gate.

White lotus pool, formerly known as Xuexiang garden, was built by ZhangRou, king of Runan in Yuan Dynasty. It was first built in 1220 ad___ In, thetotal area is 24000 square meters, of which the pond area is 790 square meters.The lotus pond has been surrounded by water since ancient times, and is famousfor its water. It also brings together the essence of Chinas ancientarchitecture and gardens in the north and south.

It was destroyed by the earthquake in 1284 ad, and only the pond withwhirling lotus ripples and luxuriant lotus flowers remained, which was called"lotus pond" in the Ming Dynasty. A large-scale renovation and expansion wascarried out in the late Ming Dynasty. Zha Zhilong, the magistrate, took thelotus pond as a "water mirror" and ordered the construction of a four characterhorizontal plaque on the water mirror office to inspire people and encouragethemselves. Lianchi Academy was built in Qingxing, and the Qianlong Jiaqingperiod became the heyday of Lianchi. The mountains, water, buildings, platforms,pavilions, halls, verandahs and pavilions were scattered, forming the famoustwelve scenes of Lianchi, which won the reputation of "Penglai City".

Lianchizang stone carving is a great landscape. The stele corridor on thenorth side of Beitang alone is 33 meters long, with three sections of 82 squaresteles. There are more than 140 stone inscriptions written by famouscalligraphers in Tang, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and even in theperiod of the Republic of China and after liberation, which become an importantpart of Lianchi landscape.

Lianchi, an ancient garden, integrates the artistic styles of North andsouth gardens, and has won the praise of landscape experts and cultural relicsexperts. At present, the restoration of twelve scenic spots in Lianchi and therenovation of the surrounding historical blocks are in full swing. It isbelieved that in the near future, Lianchi will welcome tourists from all overthe world with more charming scenery.

Well, tourists, the ancient lotus pond is here for you. Thank you for yoursupport!

Hello everyone, my name is hong, are you the lijiang tour guide, I hope you have fun in the tour.

I told you so much, everybody also saw so many, but is coming into the city, how didnt see the gate? Actually is invisible to the guests, this is also the one of the ancient city of lijiang, cant see the gate, could not see the wall, because there is no ancient city walls and gates, because the head of the naxi nationality name is "wood" if built walls and gates became "trapped" word, so ancient city without walls, also does not have the gates.

Into the old town of lijiang, see the square street. Square street, like the spider web, southeast of the northwest each have a way to it. Sifang street was paved by the multicolored, heels, on a multicolored sounds dont have a new idea, the sound is ringing, somewhat like the sound of a bell. Sifang street is the center of the city square, natural adornment beautiful and distinctive, even the inn is very beautiful. Sifang street inn is located in the center of the lijiang ancient city square street plaza, has a unique environmental advantages. Inn garden Bridges, lush flowers and trees, inherited the naxi ethnic aesthetic temperament and interest, one thousand years is harmony, harmonious concept of natural life. Inn each room design is unique, you can walk in the square street, absolutely no two rooms are the same.

The old town of lijiang have to put the light! Lijiang has a very special custom, is light. Put the lamp is old town of lijiang river of an ancient custom. It is said that each night, the dragon king of ying tan will follow the ancient city of jade river cruise, put a river light points to the dragon king the lighting, not only can protect the ancient city of peace, can make oneself and family get the dragon king bless and luck, success in the coming days. This legend. Put a river light, make a wish.

In many parts of lijiang is very beautiful, said also said not net, I hope you have a chance to be touring. This time you have fun? The answer is yes!!!! The chance next time I will take you to see the scenery of the ancient city of lijiang again!

欢迎大家来到这!我是你们的导游，我姓x，大家可以叫我小x。为了便于大家参观游玩，下面我首先大家介绍一下。

四方街是丽江古城最中央的一片大约4000平方米的小广场，如果把丽江比成北京的话，那么这里就是它的天安门广场。景区看点：四方街街面宽广，主街有四条，向四周辐射，每条街道又分出许多小街小巷，街巷相连，四通八达。每条巷道，均由五彩花石铺就，身着五颜六色民族服装的各族人民在此交易商品，是丽江最热闹喧哗的地方。

四方街是古城的中心广场，占地约6亩。广场的形状很像方形的知府大印，由土司取名四方街，取“权镇四方”之意。也有人说是因为这里的道路通向四面八方，是四面八方的人流、物流集散地，所以叫四方街。 四方街最迷人的是晚上，沿河都是些大大小小的酒吧，茶楼。其中不乏外国人经营者。这些酒吧，茶楼门前，大红灯笼型状各异，高高的悬挂在每户人家门前。晚间的四方街就这样笼罩在温暖祥和的气氛中。红灯笼的倒影随河水飘荡，约约绰绰。这里是历代集市中心，每日万头躜动，热闹非常。从四方街四角延伸出四大主街，直通东南西北四郊，又从主街岔出众多街巷，如蛛网交错，往来畅通。街道全用五彩石铺砌，平坦洁净，晴不扬尘，雨不积水。几乎每条街道一侧都伴有潺潺流水。由此形成以四方街为中心，四周店铺客栈环绕，沿街逐层外延的稠密而又开放的格局，古老的集市就这样孕育了城市最初的形状，这与中国传统的四四方方的井字形街道是不是一样的。

四方街还是藏区及丽江的马匹、毛皮、藏药等特产和南方的茶叶、丝绸、珠宝等商品的一个贸易中心。古往今来，白天，这里商贾云集，买卖兴隆，并自然的归行划市连周围的几座桥都成了一些商品的专卖地，如科贡坊前的这座桥叫“卖豌豆桥”，西南角的那座桥叫“卖鸭蛋桥”。到了夜晚，特别是节日的夜晚，这里又成了各族儿女的歌坛舞池，人们燃起篝火，在这里对山歌，跳起锅庄、阿丽哩、芦迪舞，通宵达旦。明代木公土司的诗句“一匝芦笙吹未断，踏歌起舞月明中”，就是这种盛况的真实写照。

四方街以彩石铺地，清水洗街，日中为市，薄暮涤场的独特街景而闻名遐迩。其四周6条五彩花石街依山随势，辐射开去，街巷相连。四通八达，交通极为便利。置身其中，令人仿佛步入了“清明上河图”的繁华景象。古城中至今依然大片保持明清建筑特色，“三坊一照壁，四合五天井，走马转角楼”式的瓦屋楼房鳞次栉比，既突出结构布局，又追求雕绘装饰，外拙内秀，玲珑清巧，被中外建筑专家誉为“民居博物馆”。更值得一提的是，古城居民素来喜爱种植花木培植盆景，使古城享有“丽郡从来喜植树，山城无处不飞花”的美誉。

四方街文物古迹众多，文化蕴含丰厚独特，是我国保存最完整、最具民族风格的古代城镇。1986年国务院公布为中国历史文化名城;1997年12月4日，被联合国教科文组织正式批准列入《世界遗产名录》清单，成为全国首批受人类共同承担保护责任的世界文化遗产城市;20xx年10月，被评为全国文明风景旅游区示范点;20xx年，荣登“中国最令人向往的10个城市”行列。 四方街是古城心脏，交通四通八达，周围小巷通幽，据说是明代木氏土司按其印玺形状而建。这里是茶马古道上最重要的枢纽站。明清以来各方商贾云集，各民族文化在这里交汇生息，是丽江经济文化交流的中心。这里是历代集市中心，每日万头躜动，热闹非常。

从四方街四角延伸出四大主街，直通东南西北四郊，又从主街岔出众多街巷，如蛛网交错，往来畅通。街道全用五彩石铺砌，平坦洁净，晴不扬尘，雨不积水。几乎每条街道一侧都伴有潺潺流水。由此形成以四方街为中心，四周店铺客栈环绕，沿街逐层外延的稠密而又开放的格局，古老的集市就这样孕育了城市最初的形状，这与中国传统的四四方方的井字形街道是不是一样的。这是一座真正与大地肌肤相亲的小城。它坚持着传统的栖居方式、美学风尚，和平静得如山泉一样的日常生活。

四方街幽深的街巷，青石铺就的道路两边，所有的房屋全是砖木结构。门窗栏栋、斗拱飞檐大都雕刻着花鸟虫鱼、飞禽走兽的花纹。这城市本身就是座公园，小桥流水、树木花朵。耳闻玉笛铜萧的悠扬，或黄鹂栖翠柳的鸣唱;它与中国古代那种普遍的有城墙的城市不同;除了木王府四周有围墙外，丽江是中国唯一不设防的古城。人们可以从四面八方通过街道、小路、巷子、田野甚至山上的羊肠小道进入这个城市。

丽江是一个日日夜夜和淙淙流水相约的城市，就像威尼斯那样。不过大研镇的水道，是经过设计用人工挖掘的。原始的河流只有一条，就是穿城而过的中河，从中河又人工开发出西河和东河，分为三支，像一棵大树的主干和两个支干。从它们又生出无数的小渠。居民们甚至可以直接饮用这泉水。四方街是一个梯形的小广场，建造时被设计得中间稍微凸起，两边凹下，犹如一片巨瓦。

一条河道位于广场的西面;河上设有一个水闸，每到傍晚收市，居民们就关上水闸，河的水位立即上升，顺着瓦形的坡度漫过整个广场，流到它四周的排污水的暗沟里。广场的四面都有一条宽30公分、深约45公分的排污水暗沟，每一条暗沟又与广场四周铺面后院的下水道连接。这样，从地面到地下，形成了一个完整的排污系统，把四方街冲洗得干干净净。

四方街并不水平，而是向东稍有倾斜，这是为什么呢?四方街就如纳西谚语所说的，是个除了“鸡辔头外、什么都有卖”的热闹集市，没几天就会有许多垃圾，古代没有固定的清洁工，古城人民就根据地势，巧妙地利用西河水自流冲洗广场。做法是：下午集市散了，人们就用三块铺板在卖豌豆桥下(现改为卖鸭蛋桥下)一闸，西河水就漫上河岸流向广场，四周店铺的主人则用棍乘水势挑拨，污水流入东河，去灌溉千顷农田。利用河水自流洗街，既干净，又免了扫地之劳，这在我国的城市中恐怕是绝无仅有的。

5篇有关山东台儿庄古城的导游词范文

台儿庄古城，位于京杭大运河的中心点，坐落于山东省枣庄市台儿庄区和鲁苏豫皖四省交界地带。古城肇始于秦汉，发展于唐宋，繁荣于明清，有“天下第一庄”之称(清乾隆赐)。古城占地2平方公里，11个功能分区、8大景区和29个景点，是中国国内规模最大的古城。 为国家AAAAA级旅游景区，有“中国最美水乡”之誉。 台儿庄古城，被世界旅游组织称为“活着的古运河”、“京杭运河仅存的遗产村庄”。台儿庄古城内有古河道、古码头、中华古水城、台儿庄大战纪念馆、海峡两岸交流基地，与波兰首都华沙同属世界上仅有的两座因第二次世界大战炮火毁坏而作为世界文化遗产重建的城市。下面是小编收集整理的5篇有关山东台儿庄古城的导游词范文，欢迎借鉴参考。

5篇有关山东台儿庄古城的导游词范文(一)

各位游客，大家好!

欢迎大家到运河古城台儿庄参观游览。台儿庄位于山东省最南部，古时候属于兰陵旧疆，现在是枣庄市的一个县级行政区，与江苏省接壤，为山东省的南大门。

现在，我利用大家乘车去台儿庄的时间，简要地介绍一下台儿庄的基本情况。

首先介绍台儿庄名字的由来。我们今天提到“庄”这个字的时候，常常与“村”合用，称为“村庄”，与城镇相对。其实，在古代，村与庄，是两个概念。村，是由家族聚居而自然形成的居民点，后来成为最基础的行政单位;庄，是朝廷、贵族所拥有的土地，在这些圈定的土地上居住的居民，是军人或雇民。台儿庄，应该是荀子任兰陵令的时候楚国的屯田，后来在此形成居民区。关于台儿庄名字的由来，传说很多，比较可信的是，台儿庄土地肥沃，但是地势低洼，汛期成为洪水走廊。人们在这里筑台而居，于是被称作“台庄”。唐代准提阁内的碑文上，出现“台家庄”的名字，明代正德年间所立的泰山庙碑文中，出现“台家庄集”，证明那时候已经不是普通的村庄而是颇具规模的集市。大运河开通之后，南方客商语速比当地居民快，使“台庄”的发音出现儿化。明代崇祯十二年所立的防务碑上，已使用“台儿庄”的称谓。清代吴敬梓的小说《儒林外史》里，也使用台儿庄这个名称。今天，我们能够肯定的是，台儿庄由田庄到运河重镇的过程，是伴随者运河的开通与兴盛的。

按照行政级别和面积，台儿庄赶不上河北石家庄，可是，她却赢得了“天下第一庄”的声誉。

这不是台儿庄人夜郎自大，“天下第一庄”的美育，出自乾隆皇帝之口，他和康熙皇帝分别六下江南，都要路过台儿庄。有一次，乾隆皇帝面对台儿庄的繁荣与兴盛，发出“天下第一庄”的赞誉。而明清两代和20世纪的沉重事实，又为这块土地赋予了文化的斑斓和历史的厚重。

今天，台儿庄仍然是“天下第一庄”的原因，一是她在中国漕运史上的特殊地位，二是震惊中外的台儿庄大捷，三是她保存了50多处二战遗迹，四是市区两级政府对台儿庄的抢救性重建，使她呈现出无可替代的文化、军事和政治标志符号。

我们先说台儿庄与京杭大运河的关系。

万里长城在中国广袤的土地上，画下雄浑的一撇，京杭大运河画下了遒劲的一捺，成为人类历史上规模最大的文化遗产。长城为防御游牧民族的侵袭而建，今天，只剩下象征意义，而没有了实际功能。而京杭大运河，这个沟通中国南北的伟大工程，至今仍然发挥着交通运输和优化生态的功能。

说起运河文化，我们必须梳理一下运河的历史。据考古学家考证，早在27XX年前的春秋时期，在台儿庄区张山子镇境内的逼阳国，就有了人工开挖的运河。24XX年前，吴王夫差开凿了从今天的扬州到淮安的南北水道邗沟。隋炀帝开挖的运河，北起河北的涿郡，经洛阳通达浙江的余杭。经过几百年的不断疏通，到公元13世纪，元世祖完成了由北京到杭州的大运河工程。明朝初年，永乐皇帝出于把国都由南京前往北京的考虑，在元代运河的基础上，疏通、扩建了京杭运河，打通了海河、黄河、淮河、长江、钱塘江五大水系，使之成为明政府的政治、经济、军事命脉。那时候，微山湖尚未形成，今天的湖区一带，是十几个互不相连的小型湖泊。途经这里的京杭运河，自济宁往下，走的是微山、留城以西的线路，自徐州至淮安，运河借走黄河水道。因为黄河为季节河，旱季断水、汛期黄犯，一年之中有半年不能通航。为了保证这条国家命脉的畅通，一代代治河大臣，提出了多种解决方案，有人认为治运必先治黄，有人认为治黄不如避黄。于是，在“借黄就运”和“避黄行运”的问题上争执了几十年。万历年间，“避黄”派胜利，在万历三十二年，开通了时称泇运河的台儿庄运河。这段运河的开通，避开了黄河水患，使运河通航天数增加80多天，每年经过台儿庄运河的船只7000多艘，运输物资400万担。同时，还间接地促进了微山湖的形成，成为补充运河水源的水柜。

台儿庄地势较微山湖一带低洼，其海拔高度低于微山湖的湖底。为了防止汛期储存的湖水通过运河一泄而下，治河官员想出了多建船闸的办法。在这段运河开通之初的明朝万历年间，从微山湖口的韩庄至台儿庄，建起了八座节制闸。从南方载货北上的船只，经过船闸需要一定的时间，大量的官船和商船要在台儿庄等待，这个特殊的漕运枢纽于是滞留了大量流动人口，使得台儿庄迅速繁荣。明末至整个清代，台儿庄始终保持着“商贾迤逦、一河渔火、歌声十里、夜不罢市”的繁荣景象。

台儿庄是一个移民城镇，这里的居民基本上不是土着，没有排外的“地头蛇”欺负外乡人。所以，南来北往的富商大贾，都愿意借助台儿庄的商机创造财富，置办家业，长久定居，进而捐助善款，修桥铺路，建庙办学，成为台儿庄经济和社会发展的支撑。到清代的康熙年间，台儿庄的常驻人口已经达到五万人，流动人口达到七八万人。由于在此经商和定居的来自四面八方，他们在营建自己的商铺和住宅时，带来了各地的建筑风格，使得台儿庄城里集中了京派、晋派、陕派、鲁南、江浙、徽派、闽南、岭南、欧式、中东等不同建筑;容纳了儒教、道教、佛教、基督教、伊斯兰教、妈祖等民间宗教在内的中外各大宗教，据文献记载，大战前的台儿庄，大小庙宇多达72座;由于台儿庄富有商机，吸引了官员、军人、儒生、商贾、僧道、医药、农夫、匠人、武侠、梨园、术士、杂耍、艺妓、掮客等三教九流在这里驻扎、布道、淘金和发展，成为不同文化的汇聚融合之地。

以上是台儿庄的文化标志符号。

关于军事符号，我想大家马上就能想起发生在70多年前的台儿庄大战。诗人桑恒昌曾在一首诗里写到：“也许，台儿庄没有看到全世界;//但是，全世界都看到了台儿庄。”1938年的台儿庄人，受交通和通讯条件的限制，不可能看到全世界，可是，震惊中外的台儿庄大战，确确实实吸引了全世界的目光。

在世界反法西斯战争史上，台儿庄大战不是规模最大的战役，却有着其他战役所不能比拟的经典意义：它是战争以来，中国军队在抗击外侮的正面战场上打的第一次胜仗，也是明治维新以来日本军队在正面战场上的第一次败仗，同时，还是世界反法西斯战争全面爆发前夕，维护和平的力量第一次给军国主义重创的战役，它给法西斯的最终灭亡敲响了丧钟，给了全世界爱好和平的力量极大鼓舞。震惊中外的台儿庄大捷，在“亡国论”甚嚣尘上的时刻，大长了中国人的志气，打出了中华民族的国威，也给了全世界爱好和平的力量建立了必胜的信心，彻底破除了军国主义不可战胜的神话。在中华民族面临绝望的危急关头，台儿庄成为中华民族不屈之地，维护世界和平之地。这一军事标志符号，体现了战争与和平的永恒主题。

在中华民族对日抗战史上，中国军队在正面战场上取得胜利的大型会战很多，由于众所周知的原因，今天，回顾战史，目前在海峡两岸得到认同的将领，首选台儿庄大战的指挥者。这样，台儿庄又成为国共两党联系互动、促进祖国和平统一的政治标志符号。

繁荣兴盛了300多年的台儿庄，到1855年也就是清朝咸丰五年，黄河在河南铜瓦厢决口，改道从山东入海，淤塞了山东境内的运河航道，京杭不能贯通，台儿庄的繁荣受到影响。1938年春天，中日军队在台儿庄持续了半个月的血战，使这个称得上中外建筑历史博物馆的台儿庄，无土不沃血，无墙不饮弹。坚固的城墙、威严的衙门、宽敞的会馆、庄重的庙宇、华丽的商铺、朴素的民宅，被夷为一片废墟。战后，国民政府登报承诺，要重建台儿庄。可是，因为战事紧张，加上后来的内战，国民政府的承诺一直没能兑现。台儿庄的居民，在断垣残壁上重建的商铺和民居，已经无法重现台儿庄往日的辉煌。

XX年隆冬的一天，新任枣庄市人民政府市长、海归双博士陈伟，带领政府部门和各区市的负责人，从滕州市的红荷湿地上船，沿运进行考察，研究讨论资源枯竭城市的发展战略。汽船航行了11个小时，天色擦黑才到达考察的终点台儿庄。这时，台儿庄区的一位负责同志告诉陈市长，在台儿庄旧城区，还保留着一段明清时期的古运河。这段运河，因为废弃不用，在月河街一线留下了十多处古运码头。具有历史视野和战略眼光的陈市长，不顾一天的劳累，当即决定到现场进行考察。当他听说上海的绿房子公司计划投资六亿元，把这一带开发为商品房时，陈市长立即下令叫停。之后，陈市长利用节假日，先后40多次到台儿庄明查暗访，发掘古城遗迹。经过专家论证，市政府作出了重建台儿庄古城的决定。这样，我们在四百年前兴建、一百年前衰落、七十年前被战争摧毁的基地上，复活了台儿庄古城。

可以说，台儿庄古城是抢出来的，挖出来的，创出来的：所谓抢，指的是抢救性保存与重建，如果不是陈市长当机立断，所有的历史遗迹都在商品房开发过程中彻底破坏，失去了恢复的可能;所谓挖，指的是挖掘古城的文化基因，与整个民族的文化精神相衔接，进行基因修复与再造;所谓创，就是在重建中，不拘泥于战前的原貌，而是在不违背历史真实的前提下，创造出康乾盛世时期的台儿庄古城风采。决策者、设计者和建设者，本着存古、复古、生古的原则，使重建后的台儿庄古城，承载了大战文化、运河文化和鲁南地域文化，凝聚了中华民族的精、气、神。

台儿庄是运河文化古城，是民族杨威之地，是南北水运交通枢纽，这里，国家级的景点有，国务院第一个批准的海峡两岸交流基地、国家级文物保护单位、国家级湿地公园、国家级红色旅游景区、国家级爱国教育基地、国家级水利风景区，等等。

今天我们到台儿庄参观游览的景点有：台儿庄大战纪念馆、李宗仁史料馆、贺敬之文学观、重建后的台儿庄古城a区。

到达现场之后，各景点的导游会给大家作具体的介绍。

我的介绍就到这里，谢谢大家!

5篇有关山东台儿庄古城的导游词范文(二)

各位游客，大家好!

欢迎大家到运河古城台儿庄参观游览。台儿庄位于山东省最南部，古时候属于兰陵旧疆，现在是枣庄市的一个县级行政区，与江苏省接壤，为山东省的南大门。

现在，我利用大家乘车去台儿庄的时间，简要地介绍一下台儿庄的基本情况。

首先介绍台儿庄名字的由来。我们今天提到“庄”这个字的时候，常常与“村”合用，称为“村庄”，与城镇相对。其实，在古代，村与庄，是两个概念。村，是由家族聚居而自然形成的居民点，后来成为最基础的行政单位;庄，是朝廷、贵族所拥有的土地，在这些圈定的土地上居住的居民，是军人或雇民。台儿庄，应该是荀子任兰陵令的时候楚国的屯田，后来在此形成居民区。关于台儿庄名字的由来，传说很多，比较可信的是，台儿庄土地肥沃，但是地势低洼，汛期成为洪水走廊。人们在这里筑台而居，于是被称作“台庄”。唐代准提阁内的碑文上，出现“台家庄”的名字，明代正德年间所立的泰山庙碑文中，出现“台家庄集”，证明那时候已经不是普通的村庄而是颇具规模的集市。大运河开通之后，南方客商语速比当地居民快，使“台庄”的发音出现儿化。明代崇祯十二年所立的防务碑上，已使用“台儿庄”的称谓。清代吴敬梓的小说《儒林外史》里，也使用台儿庄这个名称。今天，我们能够肯定的是，台儿庄由田庄到运河重镇的过程，是伴随者运河的开通与兴盛的。

按照行政级别和面积，台儿庄赶不上河北石家庄，可是，她却赢得了“天下第一庄”的声誉。

这不是台儿庄人夜郎自大，“天下第一庄”的美育，出自乾隆皇帝之口，他和康熙皇帝分别六下江南，都要路过台儿庄。有一次，乾隆皇帝面对台儿庄的繁荣与兴盛，发出“天下第一庄”的赞誉。而明清两代和20世纪的沉重事实，又为这块土地赋予了文化的斑斓和历史的厚重。

今天，台儿庄仍然是“天下第一庄”的原因，一是她在中国漕运史上的特殊地位，二是震惊中外的台儿庄大捷，三是她保存了50多处二战遗迹，四是市区两级政府对台儿庄的抢救性重建，使她呈现出无可替代的文化、军事和 标志符号。

我们先说台儿庄与京杭大运河的关系。

长城在中国广袤的土地上，画下雄浑的一撇，京杭大运河画下了遒劲的一捺，成为人类历史上规模最大的文化遗产。长城为防御游牧民族的侵袭而建，今天，只剩下象征意义，而没有了实际功能。而京杭大运河，这个沟通中国南北的伟大工程，至今仍然发挥着交通运输和优化生态的功能。

说起运河文化，我们必须梳理一下运河的历史。据考古学家考证，早在2720xx年前的春秋时期，在台儿庄区张山子镇境内的逼阳国，就有了人工开挖的运河。2420xx年前，吴王夫差开凿了从今天的扬州到淮安的南北水道邗沟。隋炀帝开挖的运河，北起河北的涿郡，经洛阳通达浙江的余杭。经过几百年的不断疏通，到公元13世纪，元世祖完成了由北京到杭州的大运河工程。明朝初年，永乐皇帝出于把国都由南京前往北京的考虑，在元代运河的基础上，疏通、扩建了京杭运河，打通了海河、黄河、淮河、长江、钱塘江五大水系，使之成为明政府的 、经济、军事命脉。那时候，微山湖尚未形成，今天的湖区一带，是十几个互不相连的小型湖泊。

途经这里的京杭运河，自济宁往下，走的是微山、留城以西的线路，自徐州至淮安，运河借走黄河水道。因为黄河为季节河，旱季断水、汛期黄犯，一年之中有半年不能通航。为了保证这条国家命脉的畅通，一代代治河大臣，提出了多种解决方案，有人认为治运必先治黄，有人认为治黄不如避黄。于是，在“借黄就运”和“避黄行运”的问题上争执了几十年。万历年间，“避黄”派胜利，在万历三十二年，开通了时称泇运河的台儿庄运河。这段运河的开通，避开了黄河水患，使运河通航天数增加80多天，每年经过台儿庄运河的船只7000多艘，运输物资400万担。同时，还间接地促进了微山湖的形成，成为补充运河水源的水柜。

台儿庄地势较微山湖一带低洼，其海拔高度低于微山湖的湖底。

5篇有关山东台儿庄古城的导游词范文(三)

尊敬的各位游客：

大家好!首先请允许我代表枣庄旅行社欢迎大家来到“江北水乡，运河古城”——枣庄观光旅游!我是小王，是大家此次枣庄之行的地接导游员。坐在驾驶座上全神贯注开车的，是我们的司机李师傅，李师傅有着十几年的旅游车驾驶经验，由他为我们开车，交通问题大家完全可以放心。孔老夫子曾经说过“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”，李师傅和我会像接待老朋友一样为大家提供热情周到的服务，同时也希望能得到您的鼎立配合。在此预祝大家此次枣庄之行能够乘兴而来，满意而归。

现在我们乘车前往今天的旅游目的地“台儿庄古城”，大家一边欣赏沿途风光，一边听我讲讲枣庄的基本情况。

枣庄市位于山东省最南端，与江苏省接壤。是鲁南经济带和淮海经济区的重要城市，有“江北水乡·运河古城”之称。建市于1961年，辖五区一市和一个高新区，总面积4563平方公里，人口383万。

枣庄历史悠久，文化灿烂，这里有中国最大的国家级湖泊类湿地——微山湖公园;华夏最长的地震大裂谷——熊耳山国家地质公园;世界上最大的石榴园——十二万亩的“冠世榴园”;最负盛名的“天下第一崮”——抱犊崮国家森林公园。因此，枣庄被誉为“万年家园，千年古郡，百年城市”。

台儿庄是枣庄市下辖的县级行政区，位于枣庄市最南部。历史上的台儿庄只是一个城镇，乾隆皇帝御笔钦赐“天下第一庄”。明清两代和20世纪的文化积淀，又为这座城市赋予了历史的厚重。途经台儿庄的运河，是三千华里运河上保存最为完好的一段，是“活着的古运河”，有人说，“观长城上八达岭，看运河到台儿庄”，可谓真知灼见。

1938年春天，这里发生了震惊中外的台儿庄大战.,所以,台儿庄是运河文化古城，是民族扬威之地，是南北水运交通枢纽。

说话间，我们已经快进入台儿庄古城景区了，请大家记住我们红色旅游车的车牌号：123456，我的手机号码是，有什么问题，您可以及时与我联系，现在请大家带好随身物品，随我下车参观!

现在我们参观游览的是重建之后的台城旧志景区，占地面积38155平方米，建筑面积30295平方米，约占古城一期核心区的十分之一。主要有参将署、天后宫、翠屏学馆、台庄驿、日升昌记、文汇酒楼、谢裕大茶行、扶风堂、天水堂、三恪堂、鲁南民居、闽南民居、久和客栈、临水商铺等不同风格的明清建筑。

我们现在看到的这座官式建筑是参将署，俗称大衙门，始建于清康熙二十二年(1683年)，为清朝正三品参将行署。参将统领600兵马，负责管辖220华里运河河道的工程防护和漕运治安。1937年1月，国民政府在此设立山东峄县警察局台儿庄分局。1938年初，成为第3集团军副司令沈鸿烈的军火库，在台儿庄大战中，这批军火发挥了作用。现为“台儿庄古城重建博物馆”。

前面这座牌坊为台儿庄“水陆通衢”牌坊，她见证了台儿庄往日的繁荣。这条街道被称为大衙门街，1947年，驻守在这里的国民党军队，把大衙门街改为繁荣街，建国后继续沿用这一街名。重建古城时，恢复大衙门街的旧名。

这座拐角搂，为京津冀地区的建筑风格，南北两侧的弧形卷棚，体现了这种建筑的开放性。拐角楼占地766平方米，建筑面积1514平方米，南楼经营珠宝，北楼经营茶艺。

这座白墙黛瓦、马头出墙的徽派建筑，名叫久和客栈。清代康熙三十年(1691年)，由徽商胡文广建造。重建后的久和客栈，占地2415平方米，建筑面积3554平方米，作为快捷客栈使用。古城内有许多店铺、民居为这一风格，见证着徽商在台儿庄的创业历史。

胡文广原先是一位书生，乘船去北京参加科举考试。途经台儿庄，看到了这里的商机，于是放弃科考，留在这里经商。他的经商理念是“和为贵”、“和气生财”，没过几年，就成为台儿庄的富商。他把堂号取名“久和”，希望后人永远恪守和为贵的理念。

大家看我右手边的这两座商铺，是典型的南面临水、北面临街的江南水乡建筑，占地面积1092平方米。左边这座名为“可意楼”，通过这幅“花径不曾缘客扫，蓬门今始为君开”的楹联，我们能够猜到这是明清时期的青楼。右面这座名为“可风楼”，告诉人们这座商铺虽然紧靠青楼，它的主人仍然洁身自好，“可作风范”。

好了大家请跟紧我，注意脚下的台阶，我们现在所经过的这座桥就是广源桥，又称“玉带桥”，始建于清康熙二十五年(1686年)，由时任参将赵登高主持兴建，寓有“财源广进、兴旺发达”的之意，故称“广源桥”。桥长13.9米，高3.25米，跨度6.2米，桥面宽2.2米，是古城所有拱桥中跨度最高的单孔石拱桥。

好了大家看，我右手边的这个座建筑就是扶风堂，这处宅院为晋派建筑，俗称万家大院，由台儿庄四大家之一的“四十万”兴建。万家在清朝康熙年间由山西迁至台儿庄，因漕运而发迹，鼎盛时期有店铺商号20余家，官银40万两，被称作“四十万”。这座建筑，以四合院为基本结构，采用青砖青瓦的梁柱式砖木体式，楼高院深，墙厚基宽，设计精巧，雕刻考究。有四合院、过庭院、偏正套院，60多间房屋，其豪华程度为台儿庄之最。台儿庄大战期间，一度成为我军掩体，战役打到第四天，遭到日军轰炸。现在我们看到的扶风堂，是在原有的地基上重建的，被称为“文化基因复活的成功范例”。

前面这条河就是古运河，明万历二十一年动议开挖，三十二年通航，420xx年来未曾断流。台儿庄大战期间，池峰城破釜沉舟，下令炸掉的浮桥，就在前面这个位置。1959年，国家对京杭运河进行改造，将原运河取直，这段运河保留在旧城内，成为景观河。

四十万码头：为万家私人码头，建于清乾隆二十八年(1763年)，用于货船装卸货物，兼具汲水、洗菜、洗衣等生活功能。古城内现有此类码头13座，这些古码头，在准备拆除的时候，因为陈伟市长的发现，才被保留了下来，成为见证“活着的运河”的历史遗存。

广济桥，俗称“丁字桥”，原为木桥，清咸丰七年(1857年)由万家出资修建为石桥。桥长11.8米，高3.1米，跨度5.8米，桥面宽2.7米，桥石为皇宫专用的苏州木渎金山石。街坊邻居感念万家周济大众的慈善之情，称其为“广济桥”。

三恪堂与运河税史馆，为鲁南风格的民居，是台儿庄富商陈家的府第，建于清朝末年，名为三恪堂，俗称陈家大院。陈家对三恪的解释是，对待天、地、人，都要谨慎恭敬。陈家先祖从安徽泾县迁来，主人陈扶清官至六品，清末时出任税务官。陈家在台儿庄大战前达到鼎盛，现存“陈万祥”商号。

这样的私人府第，只有大户人家才能建成。一般的鲁南民居，是土墙草顶，冬暖夏凉，适宜居住，只是不坚固，每隔几年就要维修。那些经商赚了大钱的，往往大兴土木，建造豪宅。鲁南民居，宅院无论建得多大，门头都要收敛。陈府的门头不大，可是在大门西旁，建了几间面朝衙门街的门市，使院落与院门保持匀称。这临街的门市，如今成为运河税史馆。

这座建筑为台庄驿站，是京杭大运河上一处重要的水驿。驿站是古代飞报军情、接送客人、运输军需的中转机构。历代王朝都十分重视邮驿，称之“国之命脉”。驿站的功能，一是供过往使臣投宿，相当于现代的机关招待所。凡持有“驿关”证件的官员，可按官阶高低及仆从多寡，免费享受驿站提供的住宿、膳食、舟车、夫马。二是邮送过境公文。在主要邮路上，一般每隔十华里设有一个邮铺，次要邮路间隔二三十里。台庄驿为水驿，是伴随着漕运发展而设立的。明朝万历三十四年，河漕总督御史曹时聘在台儿庄设立驿丞一人。清乾隆七年，编制增加到五人。

台儿庄水驿占地面积1108平方米，建筑面积530平方米，为苏州园林风格。现在作为驿站文化展示区，以详实的资料、丰富的图片、真实的文物，向游人展示中华民族三千年邮驿文明史及地方驿站发展历程。

这座庙堂式建筑是古城的一所私塾学校，名为翠屏学馆，始建于清乾隆八年(1743年)，为义塾，对外收徒。该私塾1938年毁于战火，现在原址重建。

这个大院为日升昌票号的分号——日升昌记。为典型的北方建筑风格。据文献记载，清光绪年间，山西人吴玉章从太原阳谷带职来台儿庄，开设“日升昌”分号，俗称吴家票号，为各路商贾办理汇兑和存放金银业务。这样的票号，在台儿庄有七家之多。吴家票号虽为山西人所建，却是典型的鲁南风格。

现在主要通过实物、图片陈列、多媒体场景再现等手法，用货币、契约、商标、印鉴、戥(deng)秤、税单、股票等商业实物和资料，展示明清到民国时期的台儿庄商贸文化，讲述台儿庄的商业文化变迁，特别是票号发展的历程，从不同角度折射台儿庄商业文化的流金岁月。

广汇桥，俗称“拱桥”，系花岗岩单孔全环形石拱桥。清顺治五年(1648年)，由赵家出资兴建，桥长11.5米，高3米，跨度5.7米，桥面宽2.96米。1938年毁于战火，后搭建为简易石板桥供人行走，现在原址复建。这座“广汇桥”，取“汇八方商贾”之意。

乾隆二十二年，乾隆皇帝第二次下江南，驻台参将赵登高陪同他游览了台儿庄城。

当乾隆皇帝一步步走上这座拱桥时，一位女子说：“步步高。”

乾隆皇帝走到桥上，问：“这‘步步高’是什么意思?”

这女子说：“万岁爷洪福齐天，国运步步高扬，我们这些黎民百姓跟您享福。”

乾隆皇帝狡黠地一笑，问：“再往前走又有什么说法啊?”

女子脱口而出：“万岁爷，后头更比前头高啊!”

乾隆皇帝说：“你真是一张巧嘴。”

后来，城里人把这位苏州女子称为“巧嫂子”。

谢裕大茶行，是座木雕茶楼，最初由浙江茶商沈绮于雍正十年(1732年)建造，名为苏杭茶楼。沈绮有茶园百亩，因台儿庄商运兴盛来这里销售茶叶，兼开茶馆。咸丰七年(1857年)，徽州茶商谢正安收购了苏杭茶楼，改名谢裕大茶行。原建筑毁于1938年的战火，因为是全木质结构，大火三天不灭。现在原址复建，为茶艺文化展示区。

这座京派建筑名为文汇酒楼，原名“聚奎楼”，为守备署守备瞿翼龙的后裔于乾隆四十四年(1779年)建造，经营沿运地方名吃，因乾隆第五次下江南时在此用膳而名声大振。台儿庄大战胜利后，更名为文汇酒楼，现为大战文化展示区。

到此我们今天的游程也就结束了。感谢大家对我工作的支持!不周之处还请各位提出宝贵意见，期待您的再次光临!

5篇有关山东台儿庄古城的导游词范文(四)

各位游客，大家好!

欢迎大家到运河古城台儿庄参观游览。台儿庄位于山东省最南部，古时候属于兰陵旧疆，现在是枣庄市的一个县级行政区，与江苏省接壤，为山东省的南大门。

现在，我利用大家乘车去台儿庄的时间，简要地介绍一下台儿庄的基本情况。

首先介绍台儿庄名字的由来。我们今天提到“庄”这个字的时候，常常与“村”合用，称为“村庄”，与城镇相对。其实，在古代，村与庄，是两个概念。村，是由家族聚居而自然形成的居民点，后来成为最基础的行政单位;庄，是朝廷、贵族所拥有的土地，在这些圈定的土地上居住的居民，是军人或雇民。台儿庄，应该是荀子任兰陵令的时候楚国的屯田，后来在此形成居民区。关于台儿庄名字的由来，传说很多，比较可信的是，台儿庄土地肥沃，但是地势低洼，汛期成为洪水走廊。人们在这里筑台而居，于是被称作“台庄”。唐代准提阁内的碑文上，出现“台家庄”的名字，明代正德年间所立的泰山庙碑文中，出现“台家庄集”，证明那时候已经不是普通的村庄而是颇具规模的集市。大运河开通之后，南方客商语速比当地居民快，使“台庄”的发音出现儿化。明代崇祯十二年所立的防务碑上，已使用“台儿庄”的称谓。清代吴敬梓的小说《儒林外史》里，也使用台儿庄这个名称。今天，我们能够肯定的是，台儿庄由田庄到运河重镇的过程，是伴随者运河的开通与兴盛的。

按照行政级别和面积，台儿庄赶不上河北石家庄，可是，她却赢得了“天下第一庄”的声誉。

这不是台儿庄人夜郎自大，“天下第一庄”的美育，出自乾隆皇帝之口，他和康熙皇帝分别六下江南，都要路过台儿庄。有一次，乾隆皇帝面对台儿庄的繁荣与兴盛，发出“天下第一庄”的赞誉。而明清两代和20世纪的沉重事实，又为这块土地赋予了文化的斑斓和历史的厚重。

今天，台儿庄仍然是“天下第一庄”的原因，一是她在中国漕运史上的特殊地位，二是震惊中外的台儿庄大捷，三是她保存了50多处二战遗迹，四是市区两级政府对台儿庄的抢救性重建，使她呈现出无可替代的文化、军事和 标志符号。

我们先说台儿庄与京杭大运河的关系。

长城在中国广袤的土地上，画下雄浑的一撇，京杭大运河画下了遒劲的一捺，成为人类历史上规模最大的文化遗产。长城为防御游牧民族的侵袭而建，今天，只剩下象征意义，而没有了实际功能。而京杭大运河，这个沟通中国南北的伟大工程，至今仍然发挥着交通运输和优化生态的功能。

说起运河文化，我们必须梳理一下运河的历史。据考古学家考证，早在2720xx年前的春秋时期，在台儿庄区张山子镇境内的逼阳国，就有了人工开挖的运河。2420xx年前，吴王夫差开凿了从今天的扬州到淮安的南北水道邗沟。隋炀帝开挖的运河，北起河北的涿郡，经洛阳通达浙江的余杭。经过几百年的不断疏通，到公元13世纪，元世祖完成了由北京到杭州的大运河工程。明朝初年，永乐皇帝出于把国都由南京前往北京的考虑，在元代运河的基础上，疏通、扩建了京杭运河，打通了海河、黄河、淮河、长江、钱塘江五大水系，使之成为明政府的 、经济、军事命脉。那时候，微山湖尚未形成，今天的湖区一带，是十几个互不相连的小型湖泊。途经这里的京杭运河，自济宁往下，走的是微山、留城以西的线路，自徐州至淮安，运河借走黄河水道。因为黄河为季节河，旱季断水、汛期黄犯，一年之中有半年不能通航。为了保证这条国家命脉的畅通，一代代治河大臣，提出了多种解决方案，有人认为治运必先治黄，有人认为治黄不如避黄。于是，在“借黄就运”和“避黄行运”的问题上争执了几十年。万历年间，“避黄”派胜利，在万历三十二年，开通了时称泇运河的台儿庄运河。这段运河的开通，避开了黄河水患，使运河通航天数增加80多天，每年经过台儿庄运河的船只7000多艘，运输物资400万担。同时，还间接地促进了微山湖的形成，成为补充运河水源的水柜。

5篇有关山东台儿庄古城的导游词范文(五)

各位游客，大家好!今天，就有我来给大家介绍20xx年6月22日申遗成功的台儿庄古城。我姓王，叫王洋，大家可以称呼我王导，希望大家旅途愉快!

台儿庄是一座二战名城，也是运河古城。它形成于汉，发展于元，繁荣于明清，还被乾隆皇帝御赐为“天下第一城”，看到了吗?小朋友们，那块牌就是当年乾隆所写。1938年，台儿庄大捷，一举成为中国抗战名城。

台儿庄古城——世界文化遗产京杭大运河的中心点，素有“中华最美水乡”之称，它坐落于山东省枣庄市台儿庄区暨鲁苏豫皖的四省交界地带。它是与华沙齐名的亚洲仅有一座的抗战名城纪念城市，53处战争遗址保存完整，城内3公里的明清时代时期运河古道被旅游专家组织称为“活着的古运河”，是一座八大建筑风格融为一体，七十二座庙宇汇于……好，我们不说多了，大家请看，这座古城西门上面还清楚地刻着繁体的“台儿庄”三个字，大家可以拍照留念。

进了大门，往南走不久，大家就可以看见一个邮筒，在这里可以了解大清王朝发行的各种邮票。大家看，那个东西像不像一条龙舟?船，对，所以这条街叫船形街，看!这就是当年乾隆巡游台儿庄的情景，满族的服饰漂不漂亮?这边的道升酒坊还完整地保存着以前的酒窖，酒就是这么酿成的，大家可以细细观赏。

看那边的步云廊桥是多么金碧辉煌，它的建筑是多么精致。大家可以去那边的台儿庄大战纪念馆和李宗仁史料馆进行参观，希望大家能玩得高兴，半个小时后我们在码头集合，谢谢大家!

亲爱的旅客朋友们：

我是你们的导游。我叫青严茜，你们可以叫我小青。今天我们要去丽江古城。

丽江古城位于中国西南部云南省的丽江纳西族自治县，始建于公元13世纪后期。古城海拔2400余米，自古就是远近闻名的集市和重镇。古城现有居民25000余人。其中，纳西族占总人口绝大多数，有30%的居民仍在从事以铜银器制作、皮毛皮革、酿造业为主的传统手工业和商业活动。

在丽江古城区内的玉河水系上，修建有桥梁354座，其密度为平均每平方公里93座。桥梁较着名的有锁翠桥、大石桥、万千桥、南门桥、马鞍桥、仁寿桥，均建于公元14～19世纪。

古城里的五凤楼始建于明代公元1620xx年，楼高20米。因其建筑形制酷似五只飞来的彩凤，故名“五凤楼”，楼内的天花板上还绘有多种精美的图案。

丽江古城历史悠久，古朴自然。丽江民居既融和了汉、白、彝、藏各民族精华，又有纳西族的独特风采，是研究中国建筑史、文化史不可多得的重遗产。丽江古城包容着丰富的民族传统文化，是研人类文化发展的重要史料。

今天的旅行到此结束，拜拜。

Hello, everyone!

Welcome to Jiuhua Mountain. Im Li Qiang, the tour guide of China Taihetravel agency. Just call me Xiao Li! Im very happy with your arrival today. Atthe same time, I hope my service can satisfy you. Standing next to me is masterWang, the driver of our tour. Master Wang has more than ten years of drivingexperience. Im very skilled in driving. You can give us two hearts, restassured to our Master Wang, happy to me, lets share this journey together.

Members of the group, our tour bus is driving on the Foguang avenue intothe mountain. As it will take a long time from here to Jiuhua street, Id liketo introduce Jiuhua Mountain to you first. Jiuhua Mountain is mainly located inChizhou City and Qingyang County. It is an important scenic spot in the north oftwo mountains and one lake in Anhui Province. The area of the scenic spot is 120square kilometers. Jiuhua Mountain covers 174 square kilometers and is now anational 5A scenic spot. A national tourist area. One of the four famousBuddhist mountains in China. It is known as an International Buddhist dojo.

Jiuhua Mountain in Anhui Province has a beautiful scenery. In the SouthernDynasties, the mountain was so high that it was called Jiuzi mountain. Li Bai, agreat poet of Tang Dynasty, visited Jiuhua Mountain and saw the lotus flowers onthe nine peaks. He wrote that "there are two wonderful things, and Lingshanopens Jiuhua." Its a beautiful poem. Jiuhua Mountain is a famous granitemountain. Its main peak, Shiwang peak, is 1342 meters above sea level. It is abeautiful place in Jiuhua Mountain.

Anhui Jiuhua Mountain is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains inChina. Together with Putuo Mountain, Emei Mountain and Wutai Mountain, it iscalled the four famous Buddhist mountains in China. In the 7th century A.D., theprince of Silla sailed to the East and visited famous mountains. He finallychose Jiuhua Mountain and practiced hard for decades. After his death, his bodywas not rotten. People thought that Jin qiaojue was the incarnation of theBodhisattva of the king of Tibet. From then on, Jiuhua Mountain was regarded asthe Taoist temple of the Bodhisattva of the king of Tibet. From then on, theking of Tibetans was also called jintibetans.

OK, at this moment, our tour bus has arrived at the entrance of Jiuhuastreet. Please take your belongings and get off to enter the scenic spot.

Ladies and gentlemen, the gate of Jiuhua holy land, which is 9 meters highand 8.5 meters high, is in front of us. Do you know who wrote the word "JiuhuaHoly Land" on the banner? Yes, its written by Emperor Kangxi. Through the gatesquare, is there an extraordinary feeling of entering the holy land

Friends, at this moment, we are here at the earliest Palace temple inJiuhua Mountain, namely, the Zhiyuan temple. Zhiyuan temple is now a nationalkey temple and the only descendant jungle temple in Jiuhua Mountain. It is atypical composite building. Its Mountain Gate deviates from the central axis ofthe main hall. The external Mountain Gate is not the carelessness of theconstruction, but the attention. It is said that one is to avoid evil, and theother is to face kaishanzu temple and Huacheng temple. Moreover, on the frontwall of Zhiyuan temple, there is a big word "Taishan shigandang" which is veryeye-catching. It is said that it is also for avoiding evil spirits andsuppressing demons, which is unique to Zhiyuan temple.

The Dharma of Zhiyuan temple is solemn and complete, which is the best ofall. There are statues of Maitreya, four heavenly kings, Bodhisattva Weituo andeighteen Arhats in the temple. Among them, the most solemn one is the 12 meterhigh pharmacist Buddha, Amitabha Buddha and Sakyamuni Buddha. The statues ofBuddha, Bodhisattva and arhat in the temple are arranged in a standard way withexquisite workmanship and vivid images.

Zhiyuan temple was built in the Ming Dynasty, ranking first among the fourjungles in Jiuhua Mountain. The Jiuhua Mountain Buddhist Association has heldmany large-scale preaching, preaching and praying for peace and disaster reliefDharma meetings here. Now it holds more than 1000 Buddhist activities such aswaterway Dharma meeting and Yankou every year. It is one of the Buddhistactivity centers in the whole mountain.

Now we come to Huacheng temple. Huacheng temple is the first temple inJiuhua Mountain. Now it is a national key temple, and it was turned into amuseum of historical relics in the late 1970s. The exhibition materials aredivided into two parts: the first part shows Jin dizangs life story; the secondpart shows precious historical relics. Some of the Scriptures are the treasuresof the temple.

There is a release pool in front of the temple. It is said that it was dugby Jin dizang when he led his disciples to build Huacheng temple. In front ofthe pool is Huacheng square, on which there is an empress tower in memory ofjindizangs mother.

The next thing we are going to do is go to Zen hall. Shangchan hall islocated on the hillside in the south of Shenguang Lingnan, which is a nationalkey protected temple. Shangchan hall has three characteristics: the mostpeaceful incense, the best scenery and the most beautiful temple. The TV seriesjourney to the West was filmed here.

After visiting shangchan temple, we come to the most wonderful body hall.The body hall, also known as "Dicang tomb", was built in the first year ofZhenguan of Tang Dynasty. It was originally a three-story stone pagoda, and theburied body was jindicang body, so it is commonly known as the body pagoda.Because there was golden light in the base of the pagoda, later generationsnamed it Shenguang mountain. The characteristics of the hall of flesh can besummarized as "there are towers in the hall, tanks in the towers, and flesh inthe tanks." Please follow me into the hall. Please look at the 16 gold words onthe banner over there, "all living beings are exhausted, and Bodhi is proved.Hell is empty, and I swear not to become a Buddha." Its the vow of Bodhisattvadizang. Actually, Bodhisattva dizang could have become a Buddha, but he iswilling to go to the most miserable hell of the six samsara to spread all livingbeings. If hell is not empty, he will not become a Buddha. Before the birth ofMaitreya Buddha in the future, he undertakes the important task of universalsalvation. The body hall is the symbol of Jiuhua Mountain. Every time there is aDharma meeting in Tibet, there is a sea of people and it is unprecedented.

Attention, everyone. We are going to take the cable car to the centenarypalace immediately. Please pay attention to your safety and line up orderly.

Now we are in the centenary palace. Baishuigong, also known as baishuian,is now a key national temple dedicated to the body of monk Haiyu. In thearchitecture, the terrain of high in the South and low in the north is used toform a five story horse passage. The temple is integrated with the surroundingpeaks, stones and caves, and the temple is combined with the mountain. Thecentenary palace is the representative of Jiuhuashan ancient temple, which iswell received by Chinese and foreign tourists. Dear tourists, todays tour ofJiuhua Street scenic spot is over. Thank you very much for your support andcooperation. Please forgive me if there are any problems.

Nanao Island is the only island county in Guangdong Province. It iscomposed of 37 large and small islands, with a land area of 130.90 squarekilometers (including the main island area of 128.35 square kilometers), a seaarea of 4600 square kilometers, and a permanent population of more than70000.

Nanao Island is located in the sea of eastern Guangdong, the center of thethree major ports of Kaohsiung, Xiamen and Hong Kong, and is close to the maininternational route of the Western Pacific Ocean. The coastline of Nanao Islandis 77 km, and there are 66 harbors, including Yandun Bay, Changshan Bay andzhuqidu. It has the advantages of building deep-water ports and 10000 tonwharves to develop ocean transportation. Qingao Bay on Nanao Island is a gentleslope beach with fine sand, clear water and moderate salinity. It is one of thetwo grade a bathing beaches in Guangdong Province. There are more than 50cultural relics and more than 30 temples on Nanao Island.

Nanao Island is located in the subtropical zone, which is crossed byTropic of cancer. Warm in winter and cool in summer, the marine climate is verypleasant. The annual average temperature is only 21.5 ℃, and the air is freshwithout all kinds of polluting industries. The air contains 4000 negative ionsper cubic centimeter, which is 10 to 20 times higher than that of ordinarycities. Midsummer season, the sea breeze, cool climate, is a good place tosummer. Every summer, tourists from home and abroad come here one after anotherfor summer, rest, sightseeing and summer.

Nanao Island is known as the "Pearl of the sea in East Guangdong". It isrich in tourism resources and has the characteristics of "sea, mountain, historyand temple".

Blue sky, blue sea, green island, Jinsha and white waves are the maincolors of Nanaos eco-tourism. Landing on the island, living on the seashore,bathing in the sea breeze, bathing in the sea and tasting seafood are the happychoices for friends from all walks of life to travel on the island. There areqingaowan provincial tourist resort known as "Oriental Hawaii", HuanghuashanNational Forest Park known as "South China Sea natural botanical garden", Wuyunature reserve known as "migratory bird paradise", the largest island wind farmin Asia, the headquarters with a long history of 158 years, and legendary Gujingand Taizi of Southern Song Dynasty As well as many influential cultural andhistorical sites, historic sites, temples and so on, all of which are likeclusters of exotic flowers competing for water, constitute a beautiful islandlandscape.

大家好我是你们的小导游，我叫刘建豪，下面我将带你们去游览我们中国的自然遗产——泰山自然风景区。

一提到山东，你肯定会想起我国的泰山，泰山是五岳之首，俗话说得好，五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳。接下来我将重点介绍泰山的风景，因为一天就要登完泰山，请大家珍惜这一段时间，顺便提醒一下，我们要先走到半山腰，然后乘缆车登上山顶。

泰山主要以风光著名，泰山上面有几千多级的台阶，请各位旅客们注意，因为这里有的台阶很陡，还请各位旅客们不要乱跑，还请大家把自己的垃圾放到自己的背包里，不要破坏这么宝贵的自然遗产，接下来，我们将乘坐缆车直达山顶。

请大家向左手边看去，那里有很多卖商品的，再看前面那里有一个小道，那里有很多餐厅，继续往前走你会发现一个巨大的、宝剑型的一个石头它的上面有一串大字，“泰山斩云剑”听着就很有霸气，它可以斩云其实是有一定的科学的，下面请各位自由活动，顺便请大家不要乱丢垃圾，还请各位旅客小心点，不要走丢了。

(Overview) do you know where to look at Chinas 100 year history? Yes, itsShanghai. What about the 20-year history? Its the Bund. The Bund is the windowof Shanghai, which reflects the features of Chinas largest economic center cityand international modern metropolis, as well as the characteristics of a famoushistorical and cultural city. Many overseas Chinese and Chinese love to callShanghai Bund the first Bay in Asia. Yes, she is beautiful. Please see, fromnorth to south, she rises from the south of Baidu bridge to Xinkai River. It isabout 1800 meters long, with a curved trend like a crescent moon, beautiful andpicturesque.

According to records, the Bund was originally called Yangzi road andHuangpu beach road. In 1945, in memory of Dr. Sun Yat Sen, it was renamedZhongshan, which is still used today. The Bund used to be known as the OrientalWall Street. With the rapid development of urban construction in Shanghai, ithas more modern urban flavor. In 1995, it was rated as one of the "ten newlandscapes of Shanghai in the 1990s", attracting tens of thousands of touristsevery day.

Ladies and gentlemen: today, when we are bathed in the sunshine of reformand opening up, we can enjoy a lot of beautiful scenery by walking on the Bund.First of all, look to the west, which is one of the symbols of Shanghai - theWorld Architecture Expo. As we all know, after the first war, Shanghai wasturned into a commercial port. At that time, Shanghai gradually became the placewhere foreign capital was most concentrated in China, and various western stylebuildings were also built along the Bund. A large number of banks, clubs andnightclubs of western countries are concentrated along the Huangpu River, whichreflects the plunder and aggression of Western colonization on Shanghai.Although the tall buildings on the Bund were not designed by a single designeror built in the same era, they have a lot in common. They were the most popularstyles in the west at that time. They adopted the western classicalarchitectural form. The whole building has a solemn and majestic momentum, andthe architectural tone is basically unified. In addition, on the east side,people can also see the broad and magnificent scenery of the Huangpu River fromthe observation platform in Shanghai. With the wind blowing on the river, theriver is shimmering, and the white seagulls are flying high and low, you can seethe port scenery of big cities. Looking from afar at the most novel skyscrapersin Pudong, the grand momentum makes the Bund beautiful. As a symbol of Shanghai,the Bund integrates river landscape and architectural landscape, and integrateswestern classical customs and modern Chinese civilization. Now lets have a lookat the main buildings near the Bund from south to north.

One of the nanming district, guiyang city. Is located in the northeast ofyunnan-guizhou plateau, is one of the center of the guizhou provincial capitalguiyang city, provincial party committee office, the province, the cityspolitical, economic, culture, science and technology and education center, theprovince of the construction of the first top ten economic county, the province,the citys important transport hub, communication hub and tourist resort.

(have underground park) south park, located in the southwest too CiQiaostreet agency headquarters about 2.5 km car river, is found when the shelter wasdug in 1965 to an underground cave (called a white dragon hole). Hole 578 meterslong, 3 meters wide, hole 6-10 meters high. Hole with the present situation ofall kinds of stalactites, stalagmites, stone pillars, stone curtain, stone bell,rock flowers, enough became a beautiful picture. Scenic mountain water-erodedcave outside the car river, into the shadow of the trees, lotus bay, cool andrefreshing fountain, flower beds and other scenic spots, beautiful quiet,Chinese mountain, mountain mountain climbing mountain city panoramic view. Southpark is a "garden on the ground, underground palace", is far away from the cityblatant, fortification people looking for a peaceful and leisure resort. Empresstemple at the beginning of qing jiaqing (1796), guiyang magistrate yu cheng inthe house (hall) the right to establish an empress temple (now refers to thestreet, 17). Temple is said to have plastic one empress in his arms the statueof the child, not a son of the woman, and then carry the eggs to the sacredofferings, for a son next year. Therefore, respect for people a lot, especiallyat holiday is very busy. Wang Boquns former residence is a provincial-levelcultural relics protection units.

Wang Boqun (1885 a 1944), an anthology, the word "group. Born this QianXiNabuyi and miao autonomous prefecture, xingyi five town, under scene home village.Early years studying in Japan, after returning to the protecting movement, asthe nation sports backbone molecules. Served as the KMT central committee, thenational government transport minister and headmaster of jiaotong university. 17years of the republic of China (1928) to create a private summer "university",then chairman and President, the Anti-Japanese War broke out, the building ofuniversity and moved to guiyang, Wang Boqun back to guizhou, summer leadershipin exile. Died in 1944 in chongqing. South hall is a scenic resort during theAnti-Japanese War of guiyang, address in guiyang city, nanming river southeastof the deepest river, because of the quiet environment, pleasant scenery andfamous. Fairy cave, ancient fairy cave, located in guiyang city dongshan afterabout 500 meters of shuikou temple hill, fairy cave is one of the places ofhistoric interest in guiyang city is earlier.

Xinghai Park is a multi-functional and comprehensive seaside park with along history in Dalian. Xinghai Park is composed of a land garden covering anarea of 150000 square meters and a bow shaped bathing beach about 800 meterslong. In the land garden, there are thousands of flowers, thousands of trees andcobblestone pavilions, which connect Qile Pavilion, Wanghai Pavilion, HaiyanPavilion, Yingchao Pavilion and Jinhua Pavilion. There are cliffs at both endsof the East and the west, which are connected by the sea and the sky, makingpeople relaxed and happy. There is a "sea exploring cave" in the east hill. Itwinds down the stone steps in the cave. After the deep valley, it suddenly opensup. Big Haydn appears in front of it, and the waves are coming down. Its veryinteresting. The beach is flat with slow flow and moderate depth. Every summer,there is an endless stream of tourists. There, tourists can go to the seapavilion to see the vast sea, the stars, the sun and the moon. They can also goto the sea world of Shengya to explore the strange ecology of the seabed. Thereare many amusement projects in the park, including the worlds most luxuriousbungee jumping introduced from New Zealand, with a platform height of 55 meters.There is also the worlds longest cross sea landing ropeway introduced fromCanada. The Museum of prehistoric life in the park is the only prehistoricexhibition hall in China, which displays all kinds of life fossils hundreds ofmillions of years ago.

In the past few years, the park has successfully held such cultural andentertainment activities as "summer night swimming of Xinghai", "golden autumngarden party of Xinghai", "world totem art exhibition", "Beijing opera facialArt Exhibition". Especially in the selection of "Dalian eight sceneries",Xinghai Park "Xinghai Tingtao" was rated as one of the eight sceneries.

Xinghai Park is divided into four parts: sightseeing area, rest area,childrens amusement park and bathing beach.

Bathing beach is one of the four major bathing beaches in Dalian along the800 meter long half moon beach in China.

In the park, there are sea view Pavilion, tide view Pavilion and sea viewtower. If you are interested, you may as well climb on the colorful sea viewpavilion to have a birds-eye view of the magnificence of the sea. In addition,there are also sea park, high platform water skiing, torrent adventure, Shengyaocean world and other tourism facilities. Shengya ocean world is a large-scaletourism project jointly invested by five companies from China, New Zealand andother countries. The main supply of underwater seascape and marine life viewingservices. It has two floors: the first floor has a colorful tropical fishexhibition hall, a rock pool for visitors to watch and touch; there are alsoWestern restaurants, souvenir shops and other service facilities. The secondfloor is a 118 meter undersea passage, with more than 200 kinds of fish and morethan 700 fish. The water volume of the main pool is nearly 400 tons. Shengyaocean world is the only underwater passage type marine aquarium in China.

In the middle of the park, there are two fountain pools of different sizesand 95 meter long steps, which form a well arranged landscape. The central andwestern part of the garden is covered with 70000 square meters of green lawnwith flowers.

In recent years, Xinghai water park, the first water park in Dalian, isnewly built. It is located at the foot of the hill on the west side of XinghaiPark, where there are high platform water skiing, magnetized swimming pool, highplatform diving and other water entertainment facilities.

丽江纳西人历来重教尚文，许多人擅长诗琴书画。在古城多彩的节庆活动中，除了通宵达旦的民族歌舞和乡土戏曲，业余演奏的“纳西古乐”最为着名。其中，《白沙细乐》为集歌、舞、乐为一体的大型古典音乐套曲，被誉为“活的音乐化石”;另一部丽江《洞经音乐》则源自古老的道教音乐，它保留着许多早已失传的中原辞曲音韵。丽江纳西古乐曾应邀赴欧洲多国演出，受到观众的热烈欢迎和赞誉。由于乐队成员多是来自民间年逾古稀的老人，因此又有“纳西寿星乐团”的美誉。

大智大慧的纳西先民，在漫长的社会实践和生产劳动中，创造了光辉灿烂的东巴文化。东巴文化以东巴教为载体，以东巴经为主要纪录方式，它是伴随着纳西族漫长历史发慌逐步形成和演化的活形态文化，约形成于唐宋时期，有近千年历史。东巴教是纳西族原始宗教，且兼收并蓄其他宗教，笃信万物有灵，为多神教。东巴文是一种兼备表意和表音成分的图画象形文字。纳西象形文字只有1400多个单字，但词语异常丰富，能充分表达细腻的情感，也能记叙说明复杂的万事万物，还能写诗作文章，是目前世界上唯一“活着的象形文字”。用象形文字书写并保留下来的经-文共有两万余册。卷帙浩繁的经书，内容丰富多采。涉含哲学、历史、天文、宗教、巫医、民俗、文学、艺术等各方面，堪称纳西族古代社会的百简科全书。东巴文化以其自己独特的科研价值和艺术价值，几百年来始终吸引着许多中外学者和有志之士，前来研究翻译和观赏。东巴文化是纳西人民对世界人类的伟大贡献。

纳西古乐是古城文化的灵魂与象征，是丽江古城一道典雅的风景。纳西古乐是唐宋以来的一些词牌和曲牌音乐。在洪武年间(公元1368年)以后，这种音乐就陆续地传到了丽江。这种音乐在中原地区早已成为绝音，但自传至丽江后被广泛地传播开来，在乡村在小镇随处都听到这美妙的声音。纳西古乐保存至今，还有22个曲目，其中有的融进了纳西族自己的思想感情和演奏风格。纳西古乐被中外学者和广大音乐爱好者称为“音乐活化石”、“和平之音”、“仙乐天音”。聆听纳西古乐使人真正感受到“此曲只应天上有，人间能有几回闻”的意境。经过近二十年的弘扬与宣传，纳西古乐已走出国门走向世界，在世界乐坛上找到了自己应有的位置。1995年大研古乐会出访英国引起轰动;1997年2月在香港艺术节演出受到高度评价;1998年在被称为中国最高音乐殿坛的北京音乐厅演出，进一步证明了纳西古乐的艺术价值;1998年5月受挪威国王的邀请，在挪威国庆节上隆重演出;之后，相继前往法国、比利时、瑞典、中国台湾、美国等国家和地区演出，受到了热烈欢迎和高度评价。纳西古乐以其独特的艺术魅力放射出灿烂的光辉，日益为世界所认识和青睐。

闻名于世的丽江壁画，分布在古城及周围15座寺庙内，这些明清壁画，具有多种宗教及各教派内容融合并存的突出特点。遗存于丽江白沙村大宝积宫的大型壁画《无量寿如来会》，把汉传佛教、藏传佛教和道教的百尊神佛像绘在一起，反映了纳西族宗教文化的特点。

丽江一带迄今流传着一种图画象形文字“东巴文”。这种纳西族先民用来记录东巴教经-文的独特文字，是世界上唯一活着的图画象形文。如今分别收藏在中国以及欧美一些国家图书馆、博物馆中的20xx0多卷东巴经古籍，记录着纳西族千百年辉煌的历史文化。其中称作《磋模》的东巴舞谱，包括数十种古乐舞的舞蹈艺术中，是极为罕见的珍贵文献。被誉为古代纳西族“百科全书”的东巴经，对研究纳西族的历史、文化具有重要价值。

穿过了五一街便看到了许多小桥，在我们脚下这座小石桥大家不防坐下来休息一下，看到桥旁“百岁坊”字样，不难猜测这就是百岁坊，试想一下百岁坊的由来，一般人都会想百岁坊老人有关，这就对了。好了，关于丽江古城的介绍就先到这了，剩下的时间大家请尽情的欣赏古城风景，在欣赏的同时呢别忘了保护古城的环境。

“ 为了您，这座古城已经等了千年! ”为了千年等一回，我们将要去凤凰，寻找那活了千年的生命，和死去千年的标本。凤凰地处湘西这个边陲小镇。始建于明朝嘉靖年间。自古以来就是一个兵城，也是一个商城。走进凤凰，每一扇窗户上都有一扇顾盼流芳的眼睛，每一块石板上都有情侣的倩影。每一条小河边都有苗家姑娘洗衣棒锤在石板上带着节奏的混响，还有那婉转悠扬的歌声。

说到凤凰，我不能不说苗族。苗族可以说是中国迁徙最频繁的民族，无数次的迁徙留下了一部悲壮而又苦难的历史。虽然是第一个发明水稻种植技术的民族，但是聪明的苗族人也没能改变战败迁徙的命运。他们用生命和鲜血谱写了历史，用智慧和坚韧传承了文明。逐鹿之战估计大家都听说过，这就是讲的皇帝无数次被苗族打败以后联络了炎帝反败为胜，打败苗族，逼着我们的领袖蚩尤带着我们迁徙到这大山深处，万山丛中。为了生存，我们采集野果野草，像蒿草粑粑，到现在还是我们餐桌上的食物。为了顺应自然，在这潮湿的大山深处繁衍生息。我们吃生姜驱寒，所以姜糖成了我们的喜糖。为了战胜自然，我们彰显力量，在每一年的锥牛节上，男人杀死最厉害的公牛。女人们敲下牛角做成梳子别在自己的头上。向世人炫耀男人的战利品。为了填饱肚子，我们尝遍野果，把银子做成了餐具。来甄别哪些东西有毒。

大家知道我们苗族人的身份证最早是用什么材质做的吗?你们看过血色湘西吗?我告诉你们：不是纸做的，更不是塑料做的。而是银子做的。自古以来，苗族人就是最骁勇善战的民族，虽然跟朝廷的战争无休无止。但是每一次面对国家尊严和民族大义的时候，苗族人都冲锋陷阵、血染疆场。远的不说，湘军中最能打硬仗的就是竿子军，竿子就是指湘西的土家族和苗族人。所以凤凰以前称为镇竿镇。再就是日本人占领长沙、常德的时候，又是湘西的竿子军用土土炮和血肉之躯筑起了一道钢铁长城，保卫了家园，捍卫了湘西这块弹丸之地。每一次战争的胜利都是鲜血染红的战场。湘西人对于故土，有着一般人无法理解的眷恋。就如沈从文的碑文：一个战士要不战死沙场，要不回到故乡。客死他乡的英雄们无法尸体还乡，无法魂归故里。有的甚至都认不出模样。他们甚至是带不回只言片语的遗言。活着回来的人无法面对老人期盼的眼睛，无法面对妻子望眼欲穿的守望，更无法给孩子们一个合理的解释。他们只能摘下那只象征着他们身份的耳环。一包包的耳环就是一个个鲜活的生命啊。亲人们接过自己家的耳环，供奉在祖宗的牌位上。告诉他们的后人，他们的祖宗不是孬种。

大家知道我们为什么要戴吉祥鼓吗?难道仅仅就是吉祥如意吗?不，任何东西的存在一定有它的原因。最早苗族人为了生存，为了驱逐野兽发明了鼓。好不容易在这蛮夷之地生存下来。战争却不期而至。让我们一次又一次的迁徙。从黄河流域到洞庭湖之滨，再到这边陲之地。无数次的颠沛流离，无数次的人走家随。鼓声成了战争的号角，当鼓声响起的时候，即使有再多的不舍。我们也不能停止迁徙的脚步。鼓声也意味着一个人都不能拉下。于是苗族人习惯了把所有的东西都铸成银器戴在自己的身上，随时准备迁徙。

大家知道我们的阿哥为什么要给阿妹送鱼纹的镯子吗?这不仅仅是检验女人的身体是否健康，是否能顺利传宗接代，更是一份家族的重托，一个民族的承诺。他是要告诉自己心爱的女人。总有一天，我会带着你，带着我们的孩子打回黄河流域，回到那有鱼有米的地方去的。

直到今天，当我们再一次面对商场昂贵的饮水机、洗衣机而百思不得其解的时候。销售员只是告诉我们，那是因为它们都是带银离子杀毒的。直到这个时候，我们才知道老祖宗的智慧。今天科技的进步让我可以精准的测量出银子的成分和功能，知道它可以杀死650多种细菌。上个世纪九十年代，随着改革的春风，那些老祖宗用了一辈子的餐具被我们搁置一旁。那些巧夺天工的加工技术被机器的复制替代。曾经被苗族人追捧的拉丝首饰也一度无人问津。知道什么是拉丝技术吗?拉丝顾名思义就是把银子拉成丝，拉得很细很细，甚至是细过了头发丝。这么说吧，一克银子能拉到一米左右。然后做成精美的首饰。知道为什么有拉丝吗?苗族人用银子彰显个性，妆点美丽。而贫穷的苗族人如何用有限的银子做出更大更张扬的饰品，廉价的劳动力和智慧的工匠创造了拉丝技术，满足了苗族人对银饰的喜好。今天，我们再一次欣赏到拉丝，看到拉丝工艺这真是我们的幸运，也是苗族人的荣幸。为什么这么说呢?文化的传承不仅仅是民族的追捧，更要政府的支持，还要与市场接轨，跟利益挂钩。否则就成了市场经济的炮灰。就如山西的那些百年木屋，甚至是很多具有厚重历史文明的地标古建筑都由于政府维修基金的不到位而一座座破坏、拆除、坍塌。苗族的银器锻造技术也曾经被机器替代。20xx年，凤凰对外开放以后。很多人看到了商机，政府也大力支持，招商引资。挖掘出苗族的文化瑰宝：比如银器锻造技术、蜡染技术、苗绣等等。其中银子的锻造技术列入了世界非物质文化遗产名录。从此，凤凰的经济得到了飞速的发展。那些具有精湛技术的工匠们再一次重出江湖。有的甚至授上了世界非物质文化遗产传承人的名号。无数的银器店如雨后春笋般冒出来。良莠不齐、鱼龙混杂。

在外人看来，湘西贫穷、落后、出土匪。湘西人野蛮、粗鲁。那是因为您不了解湘西，不了湘西人。湘西的女人热情奔放、敢爱敢恨。湘西的男人豪放粗狂、淳朴善良。在这里孕育了著名的乡土文学之父沈从文、鬼才画家黄永玉、内阁总理熊希龄。沈从文的《边城》、《长河》可谓是家喻户晓。尤其是边城：一条清冽的小河，一个美丽的姑娘，几首动人的山歌，两个痴心的小伙，一只老黄狗，一个老爷爷。勾画了一副几乎完美的图画。读着他的书，字里行间几乎都能闻到泥土的芬芳。沈从文和张兆和的爱情故事也成为一段佳话广为流传。为了得到张兆和的欢心，沈从文写了上百封情书。只是当时的张兆和十分不领情的把情书扔到了胡适校长的桌上。胡适校长微笑着说：我看沈老师是顽固的爱着你哟。张兆和说：可是我顽固的不爱他啊。沈从文并不气馁。并且更加积极热烈的追求。终于抱得美人归。凤凰人就是这样：纯粹，执着，坚持到底。

在凤凰旅游业迅速发展的过程中。有一个苗族小伙子“阿牛”也跟沈老一样执着。他最早把苗族人家家户户都爱吃的一道菜：血粑鸭用真空包装，让游客带到了世界各地。并且带动了当地的老百姓脱贫致富。阿牛在质量上严格把关。绝对不做市面上的速成鸭子。他的原材料通通来源于本地的小麻鸭，一年才能长到两三斤。而且严格标明鸭肉和血粑的比例。凭着他的诚信和坚持赚得了人生的第一桶金。随着凤凰旅游业的发展，各地商人纷至沓来。在凤凰的大街小巷开满了银器店。工业用银和现代化的机器加工充斥着整个本地市场。打着世界非物质文化遗产的牌子到处倾销，偷换概念。作为一个地地道道的苗族人。阿牛心里十分不爽。于是他变卖祖业，筹集资金，深入苗寨，找到当年千锤百炼打造银器的能工巧匠。在凤凰古城门面最贵的地方开了凤凰最大的一家银器店，这是凤凰第一家手工银器店，所以起名《凤凰一号》。开店初期，无数人说他傻，说他笨，人家都用工业银，机器加工。你一个人做手工，做足银，成本高出几倍，如何能赚钱，怎么卖得出去。阿牛对其充耳不闻，他就觉得，他是苗族人，他有义务和责任传承苗族的文化，并且发扬光大，人家越是看不懂，他倒越是觉得商机无限。凭着他的独到的眼光和不懈的坚持，《凤凰一号》又一次取得了巨大的成功。拥有了一定经济基础的阿牛又有了新的想法。于是他潜心打造凤凰的金字招牌，用心做每一个产品。最后在离凤凰古城五公里的地方购地二十亩。打造了整个湘西最大的聚产、购、餐一体的镇竿阿牛有限公司。让游客在镇竿阿牛可以吃到绝对纯天然无污染的绿色食品。还能买到凤凰所有的特产。他的宗旨就是环保、绿色、天然、健康。

阿牛做事及其认真执着。比如一个大街小巷都有的蒿草粑，阿牛竟然请了我们湘西吉首大学和湖南大学的几个生物系教授研究它的配方。做出来的粑粑真的是秒杀了湘西所有的蒿草粑粑。那种如QQ糖一样的弹劲，还有完全看不到蒿草纤维的糯性。我们只能看到绿油油的粑粑。咬一口真的具有连舌头都吞进去的冲动。

Dear friends:

Mount Hua is located in the qinling mountain range, which lies in southernshaanxi province.

Mount Hua (hua means brilliant, chinese, or flowery; shan means mountain)is one of the five sacred taoist mountains in china. Mount Hua boasts a lot ofreligious sites: taoist temples, pavilions, and engraved scriptures arescattered over the mountain.

Mount Hua is well-known for its sheer cliffs and plunging ravines. it isknown as “the most precipitous mountain under heaven” and is probably the mostdangerous mountain in the world frequented by hikers.

Mount Hua is located 120 kilometers east of xian, about 3 hours from thecity centre. there are five peaks that make up the mountain: cloud terrace peak(north peak, 1613m)， jade maiden peak (middle peak, 2042m)， sunrise peak (eastpeak, 2100m)， lotus peak (west peak, 2038m) and landing wild goose peak (southpeak, 2160m). north peak, the lowest of the five, is the starting point. it hasthree ways up it: the six kilometer winding track from Mount Hua village, thecable car or the path beneath it.

next on the route is jade maiden peak. legend has it that a jade maiden wasonce seen riding a white horse among the mountains, hence the name. the hikerscan choose to take a left to sunrise peak, a fine place to enjoy the view of thesunrise in early morning (which would involve climbing the mountain in the darkas there is nowhere to stay on the mountain).

alternatively visitors could take a right to lotus peak. Mount Hua meansflower mountain, and it got the name from lotus peak, which resembles abeautifully blooming lotus flower. finally there is a gondola which taksvisitors acroa steep valley to landing wild goose peak, the highest among thefive summits. the path to the summit is characterized by steep rock faces, withobstacles including a foot-wide plank walkway fixed to a sheer rock face withonly a chain along the rock for support. the route continues with footholds inthe rock and a chain for holding. this is followed by a vertical ladder in acleft in the rock. finally there are steep stone steps. the south peak is notfor the faint of heart and is particularly dangerous in winter weather. however,the views are breathtaking. the climb to its summit makes it clear how theimpenetrable mountain repelled attackers over the centuries.

as early as the second century bce, there was a daoist temple known as theshrine of the western peak located at its base. daoists believed that in themountain lives a god of the underworld. the temple at the foot of the mountainwas often used for spirits mediums to contact the god and his underlings. unliketaishan,which became a popular place of pilgrimage, Mount Hua only receivedlocal pilgrms, and was not well known in much of the rest of china. Mount Huawas also an important place for immortality seekers, as powerful drugs werereputed to be found there. kou qianzhi (365-448)， the founder of the northerncelestial masters received revelations there, as did chen tuan (920-989)， wholived on the mountain prior to receiving immortality. in the 1230s, all thetemples on the mountain came under control of the daoist quanzhen school. in1998, the management committee of Mount Hua agreed to turn over most of themountains temples to the china daoist association. this was done to helpprotect the environment, as the presence of monks and nuns deters poachers andloggers.

Jiuhua Mountain is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in China andone of the first batch of national key scenic spots. It is one of the threemajor mountain systems (Huangshan, Jiuhua, Tianmu and Baiji) in southern Anhui.Located in the southeast of Chizhou City, Anhui Province, it faces TianzhuMountain across the Yangtze River in the northwest and Taiping Lake andHuangshan Mountain in the southeast. It is the main entrance and scenic area inthe north of the golden tourist area of "two mountains and one lake" (Huangshan,Jiuhua Mountain and Taiping Lake) in Anhui Province. The scenic area covers anarea of 120 square kilometers and the protection area is 174 square kilometers.The geographical coordinates of Jiuhua Street are 117 ° 8 ′ E and 30 ° 5 ′ n.Now it is a national AAAA tourist area and a demonstration site of nationalcivilized scenic tourist area, known as an International Buddhist Taoisttemple

1. Picturesque scenery and famous mountains

Jiuhua Mountain is famous for its wonderful natural scenery. In theSouthern Dynasties, the mountains were so beautiful that they were higher thanthe clouds, and the peaks were so strange that there were nine of them, so theywere called Jiuzi mountain. When Li Bai visited the mountains in the TangDynasty, he saw the nine peaks like lotus flowers, and wrote the verses of "thewonderful is divided into two parts, the Lingshan opens the nine flowers" and"the green water in the Tianhe River shows the nine lotus flowers", and changedthe name of Jiuzi to Jiuhua. The main body of Jiuhua Mountain is composed ofgranite. Due to the influence of structure, lithology and external force, it hasformed a magnificent and beautiful landscape with peaks as the main body, basinsand valleys, streams and springs interwoven. There are more than 70 famous peaksin Jiuhua Mountain, more than 30 peaks over 1000 meters, and the highest Shiwangpeak is 1342 meters above sea level. Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynasty praised whenhe viewed the mountain: "the sight of a strange peak is breathtaking" and "he isa creature of nature". Five streams in Shanxi flow into liuquankou and into theYangtze River through Wuxi River and Jiuhua River; three streams in Shannan andtwo streams in Shandong flow into Taiping Lake through Sanxi River and LingyangRiver respectively. The mountains are full of ravines, ravines, pools, flowingsprings and waterfalls. "A Wang Wei painting by the river, a poem written by LiBai for thousands of years.". Jiuhua Mountain is a fresh and natural landscapepainting. Jiuhua Mountain is full of sceneries, which change step by step. InQing Dynasty, there are "ten sceneries of Jiuhua". After opening to the outsideworld, eight new scenic spots and more than 100 new scenic spots have beenopened up. The new and old scenic spots complement each other, and the naturalbeauty and cultural landscape blend with each other. In addition, the fourdistinct seasons, sunrise, sunset, sea of clouds, fog, snow, graupel, Buddhalight and other celestial wonders make people forget to return.

2. Dizang Daochang, a famous Buddhist mountain

Jiuhua Mountain is one of the four famous mountains of Buddhism in China.The famous Tibetan Bodhisattva Daochang, whose founder is xinluoseng dizang. Inthe 7th century, under the background of frequent exchanges between the TangDynasty and the Korean Peninsula, King qiaojue, the prince of Silla, came tovisit famous mountains, Zhuo Xi Jiuhua, and practiced hard for decades. Afterhis death, he was regarded as the "spiritual manifestation" of the Bodhisattvain dizang. Because of his common surname Jin, he was called jindizang. Sincethen, Jiuhua Mountain has been established as a way of Bodhisattva in Tibet. Inthe Tang Dynasty, there were more than 20 temples in Jiuhua Mountain, whichdeveloped to more than 40 in the Song Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the maintemple, Huacheng temple, became the total jungle with dozens of squatters. Therewere more than 100 temples in the whole mountain, and the incense wasflourishing, which was "the top of southeast mountains". So Jiuhua Mountain,together with Wutai, Emei and Putuo, is known as the four famous mountains ofChinese Buddhism. In the Qing Dynasty, there were more than 150 temples inJiuhuashan. From the total jungle Huacheng temple, there were four big jungles:Zhiyuan temple, Dongya temple, baishuigong temple and Ganlu temple. Among thefour big Foshan temples, it was famous for "the best incense in the world".After the opening to the outside world in the late 1970s, Foshan, an ancientcity, was bathed in the sunrise of the flourishing age, with its vitalityreappeared and its old appearance revived. At present, there are more than 90monasteries, including 9 National Key monasteries and 30 provincial keymonasteries, more than 600 monks, more than 10000 Buddha statues and more than20__ Buddhist cultural relics. Temples are generally maintained, Buddhistactivities are carried out normally, and foreign exchanges are frequent. MountJiuhua Buddhism keeps friendly exchanges with Buddhist groups in Japan, SouthKorea, Singapore, Malaysia, the United States, Thailand, Hong Kong and Baodao,and more than 100 monks have visited abroad. In todays Buddhist monasteries inChina, Jiuhua Mountain is widely praised for its profound Buddhist culture,International Buddhist taste, and integration of monks and customs. It hasbecome a distinctive and influential Buddhist holy land.

3. It has a long history and famous culture

The combination of religious culture and landscape culture and a largenumber of historical and cultural activities make Jiuhua Mountain a famouscultural mountain with a long history and rich accumulation. More than 20__years ago, Taoists stopped at Jiuhua Mountain, and Jiuhua is called "thirty-nineblessed places" in the book of "a study of blessed places". Up to now, there aremore than 20 sites of Taoist activities and Taoist temples. In 401, the fifthyear of Longan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tianzhu monk Beidu founded Maoan inJiuhua, and Buddhism began to spread to Jiuhua Mountain. In the Tang Dynasty,the new Buddhist monk established the dizang Daochang, which was "a magnificentplace with great splendor"; in the Ming Dynasty, it became one of the fourfamous mountains of Buddhism in China, which lasted for a long time. Taoism andBuddhism make Jiuhua Mountain famous and attract numerous celebrities and poets.After Li Bai, many scholars came one after another. They lived in seclusion inJiuhua and wrote books. They created books: gathering people to give lectures.They went out to study and visit Taoism. They expressed their love for mountainsand rivers and wrote poems and paintings. There are more than 20 Book sites inJiuhua Mountain, such as Taibai book Hall, Yangming book and Ganquan book.Jiuhua Mountain is also the hometown of folk songs. There are more than 300childrens songs, labor songs and ritual songs, many of which have Buddhistcolor and vividly express the thoughts, feelings and life interests of theworking people. The imperial court of the past dynasties also attached greatimportance to Jiuhua. The emperor of the Ming Dynasty issued imperial edicts andsilver grants. The Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty wrote"Jiuhua Holy Land" and "fantuo PuJiao". More than 50 temples in Jiuhua Mountainwere granted by the imperial court. A large number of historical and culturalactivities have left a wealth of historical relics. There are more than 20__historical relics in Jiuhua Mountain, including nearly 100 precious relics.After opening to the outside world, we attached great importance to thedevelopment of cultural resources, made great efforts to excavate and sort outBuddhist culture, established "jindizang Research Association" and BuddhistCulture Research Association, founded Buddhist Academy, and set up culturalrelics museum. Cultural resources were initially developed and had a wideinfluence at home and abroad. The culture of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism,ghost culture, architecture culture, stone carving culture, folk culture, foodculture, tea culture and body culture are amazing. Jiuhua Mountain is a famouscultural mountain with profound cultural heritage.

各位来宾朋友：

大家好!

首先我代表我所在旅行社，衷心的欢迎诸位来到丽江观光旅游。我姓和，和气的和，大家叫我小和就可以了;驾车的司机姓木，树木的木。在云南，凡是姓和、姓木的，绝大部分是丽江纳西族。今天，我非常高兴能为各位导游，我将尽我所能把丽江最美好的景观介绍给各位。

作为东道主，现在我想用丽江纳西族独有的方式为大家接风。我们的方式很简单，就是由我为大家唱纳西迎宾曲。

“远方来的朋友啊，纳西家里来到了，坐一坐。山也欢，水也笑，纳西人家多欢喜。祝愿大家心情舒畅……”

我和木师傅衷心祝愿大家在丽江度过一段舒心、愉快的美好时光。我们这个旅行团在丽江的逗留时间是四天三晚，第一、三晚住宾馆，第二晚下榻泸沽湖摩梭山庄。在此期间，我要带大家去参观丽江古城、玉龙雪山、长江第一湾、虎跳峡、泸沽湖等几个主要的景区。在丽江，各位来宾有什么事情要办，有需要我和木师傅帮忙之处，请不要客气，尽管提出来，我们一定尽力去办。

我们降落的丽江机场，坐落在与大理州鹤庆县交界的丽江县七河乡境内，海拔2200米，1995年建成通航。丽江机场可起降波音737大型客机，现已开通丽江至昆明、北京、广州、上海、成都、香港、西双版纳等多条航线，每年客流量超过了50万人次。丽江机场现已经成为云南省仅次于昆明的第二大航空港。

从机场到丽江城有26公里，乘车时间大约需要30分钟，我将利用这段时间给大家介绍一下沿途的风光和丽江的概况。...

现在我们的车正行驶在大(理)丽(江)公路上，前面这座缓坡叫关坡，在古代这里是出入丽江古城的重要关隘，如今也是丽江的南大门。这里距昆明550公里，坐上空调大巴南下大理需要3小时，到昆明需要6-8小时，早上还在四方街吃丽江粑粑，下午就可以到昆明去吃过桥米线了!

首先需要说明一点的是，丽江既是一个县又一个地区的名称。丽江地区现在管辖4个县，其中华坪县是煤炭基地，永胜县是鱼米之乡，宁蒗彝族自治县和丽江纳西族自治县是重点旅游开发区。全区面积20600平方公里，总人口112万，除汉族外，人口较多的还来纳西族、彝族、傈僳族、白族、普米族等10个少数民族，人口64万，约占全区总人口的57%。丽江少数民族的语言、习俗、民居、服饰、节日、歌舞丰富多采，独具特色。

现在，我们的车过了关坡丫口，地势一下子变得平坦起来了，一个宽宽的山间盆地展现在眼前，这就是云南特有民族纳西族的主要聚居地。我们称为丽江坝子，它是滇西北最大的高原盆地，面积近200平方公里，海拔2400米左右。丽江县城大研镇就坐落在坝子的中央。人们通常说的丽江古城，就是这个大研镇的中心，这在1997年12月4日被联合国列入世界文化遗产名单，成为一座世界文化名城。

说到这里，大家可能会问了：为什么这里叫“丽江”呢?

“丽江”一名，始于元朝至元十三年(1276年)设置行政区丽江路。《元史·地理志》说：“路因江名。”就是说，“丽江”地名的由来最早起源于金沙江的别称“丽水”。大家知道，金沙江就是长江上游，因产金沙得名。但为什么金沙江又称“丽水”、“丽江”呢?史书上的主要说法是金沙江源于青藏高原犁牛石，而称犁水，即犁田的犁，山水的水。昆明大观楼长联作者孙髯翁就在《金沙江》诗中写道：“劈开蕃域斧无痕，流出犁牛向丽奔”。蕃域即今藏族先民吐蕃居住区。后因犁、丽声音相近而异写为丽水、丽江。

从地图上看，丽江的西、北、东三面都有金沙江环绕，就像拉丁字母W，形成三大转折奇观。由此看来，元世祖忽必烈用此突出的自然实体取名“丽江”，是很恰当的。丽江就是美丽的金沙江，当地纳西语又叫“依古堆”，意为大江转弯的地方。说到这里就引出了丽江古城的大环境——玉壁金川。玉壁指的就是玉龙雪山，它位于这个坝子的北端，像是古城的一堵银色照壁，把古城映衬得光彩夺目。金川指的就是金沙江，它三面环绕丽江地区615公里，堪称全球最美丽的江段。

丽江县城虽然地处云南西北高原，终年看见雪山，然而没有严寒，没有酷暑，不要暖气，不要空调。这里年均气温摄氏12.6度，最冷的1月平均气温约为摄氏6度，最热月的平均气温约为摄氏18度，年温差仅有12度左右。同时，丽江出现绝对低温和绝对高温的次数比较少，持续时间也不会太长，所以四季的界限不很明显。究其原因，主要是低纬度的地理位置，丽江位于北纬27度左右，冬夏两季日射角度变化小，地面温度比较均匀;而每年夏秋，又受海洋季风暖湿气流影响，阴雨天多，地面气温不易升高;加之纵横交错的高山成为阻挡北方寒流的天然屏障，所以这晨形成干暖温和的独特气候。

同时，丽江工业不多，自然很少受到污染，空气清新洁净，到处青山碧水，四季庄稼生长，尤其冬春季节，天空分外湛蓝，阳光充足明媚，令人赏心悦目。当然，正是由于丽江的四季不很明显，立体变化，遇雨成冬，而且昼夜之间的温差比较大，所以外地客人到丽江后应适当注意增减衣服，以免引起感冒。

各位朋友，丽江虽然地处偏僻，却有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文化。五万年前，已有旧石器晚期智人“丽江人”在此生息。从新石器、青铜器的发现进一步证实了丽江是云南古人类的摇篮之一。丽江地区开发较早，公元前120xx年西汉即设遂久县管辖，元初设置云南37路之一的丽江路，“丽江”一名从此开始。元代至清初的470年间，丽江是纳西族木氏土司统治区域中心。

如今的丽江县，是中国唯一的纳西族自治县，也是丽江地区最大的一个县，面积7648平方公里，人口约36万，其中纳西族占55%。纳西族源于中国古代南迁的氐羌族群，居住在以丽江为中心的滇川藏交界处，总人口约有30万，而丽江县有20万，占全国纳西族总人口的67%。纳西族人口不多，分布不广，然而却以古老而丰富的民族文化著称，有人说它是小民族创造大文化。

纳西族最为著名的文化特色是“三个活化石”。所谓“三个活化石”，即是文字活化石——纳西象形文字、音乐活化石——纳西古乐、人类社会活化石——摩梭人母系大家庭。创造于唐代的纳西东巴文，被称为世界上唯一活着的象形文字;至今仍在丽江流行的两套大型古典乐曲《白沙细乐》，被中外音乐界被为“国宝”;泸沽湖畔摩梭人，至至今仍保持着母系大家庭和不娶不嫁的阿夏走婚形态，为世所罕见。

说话间我们已经来到丽江古城南郊的环城路上。大家请看，右前方有一座苍翠的山岗，形似狮子滚绣球而得名狮子山。秀丽的狮子山天然地把丽江古城和新城分隔开来，但又将它们联成一个有机的整体。山顶高楼，名叫“万古楼”。登楼北望雪山，历历在目，南观古城，尽收眼底。

路的左边，这座高大的建筑叫黑白水大酒店，主楼高17层，客房128间，是由云南黑白水电力集团投资控股的四星级酒店。前面是一个丁字路口，我们右转进入民主路，路口左右各有一座酒店：右边的森龙大酒店，是由丽江森龙集团投资兴建的三星级酒店;左边是云杉饭店，也是丽江地区规模最大、设施最为完备的客运汽车站。

我们乘坐的汽车正在环绕狮子山西北侧行驶，途中我们还经过了丽江体育场、神农大酒店、邮电大楼、百信商场、百货大楼等单位。这里是一个三叉路口，右转不远就可以进入丽江古城，我们左转进入新大街，这是丽江新城的第一条街道，也是目前商场最集中、最热闹的街道之一。前面一个丁字路口，左转可以进入福慧路，丽江地区和自治县两级府署就在这条路上。

我们继续北行不远，就是丽江新城最早建的市政广场——红太阳广场。广场左边是新建的国际文化交流中心，右边矗立着毛泽东塑像，像后衬托着一堵语录墙。这座建于1969年的毛泽东塑像，设计极富时代色彩，就连每一处数字的组合都是精心安排。正方形的台基高1.949米，寓意中华人民共和国1949年成立，拉开了一个崭新时代的序幕。塑像基座高5.16米，南面有韶山、井冈山浮雕，北面是延安、西柏坡浮雕，西面(正面)是天安门和红旗浮雕，它们简明地勾勒了毛泽东有代表性的重要革命历程。塑像全身高7.1米，寓意中国共产党7月1日成立。整座塑像包括基座和塑身高12.26米，寓意毛泽东生于12月26日。

请看：毛泽东身穿军装，左手自然贴裤，右手上扬，正向人们致意。1996年2月3日，丽江发生了七级大地震，广场四周建筑顷刻间大量坍塌，让人惊讶的是这座毛泽东塑像却丝毫无损、巍然不动，一时传为奇闻异事。不管怎么说，一代伟人毛泽东，在中国人民的心目中，在老百姓的情感上，是永远不会磨灭的。这一特殊时代的产物，既能引起人们对革命先辈的缅怀之情，也可引起人们对历史的反思。

各位来宾，我们下榻的宾馆到了。请大家带好随身物品准备下车。请大家到大堂后稍事休息，我和领队立刻给大家办理入住手续，进房间后首先请检查一下房间的物品是否齐备，大家可以洗洗脸，喝点水，休息一下。请记住，中午12点在一楼餐厅用餐。因为我们中午饭后就直接到丽江古城游览，请带好下午参观游览的必需品。

好的，现在我们可以下车了。谢谢大家的合作!

Hello, everyone!

Today, we are going to Wuyuan, the hometown of Zhu, a famous NeoConfucianist in the Southern Song Dynasty. Ill be your guide. I hope that youwill have a good memory through the tour. In order to give you a generalunderstanding of Wuyuan, let me first introduce the situation of Wuyuan CountyWuyuan County is located in the northeast corner of Jiangxi Province. To theeast of Wuyuan County is Quzhou, a famous historical and cultural city of China.To the west of Wuyuan County is Jingdezhen, the porcelain capital. To the northof Wuyuan County is Huangshan, a tourist attraction in southern Anhui Province.To the south of Wuyuan County is Sanqing mountain, a national scenic spot.Wuyuan County is a green pearl inlaid at the junction of Jiangxi, Zhejiang andAnhui provinces. With a total area of 3900 square kilometers, the county governs11 towns and 15 townships, with a population of 330000. The county seat islocated in Ziyang town. Wuyuan County was founded in the 28th year of Kaiyuan inTang Dynasty (740 A.D.), which has a history of 1200 years. Wuyuan, the name ofthe county, got its name because "land is the source of water". There is a riverin the county called Wushui, which means "the source of Wushui". There are manymountains in the county. It is known as "eight parts of the mountain, one partof the field, half of the waterway and Manor". It is a typical mountainouscounty in the south of the Yangtze River.

When it comes to Wuyuan, we must introduce its four famous specialties athome and abroad. These four specialties are represented by four colors, namely"red, green, black and white": Red refers to the "treasure in the water" redpurse fish. It is tender and delicious. It is a good variety of freshwater fishin China and is selected as a state banquet. When American President Nixon andJapanese Prime Minister Tanaka visited China, they all tasted the red fish fromWuyuan. You can enjoy this delicious local specialty when you have dinner today;Green refers to "Wuyuan green tea", which was recorded in the tea classic in theTang Dynasty and called "top quality" in the Song Dynasty. In the Ming and QingDynasties, it was awarded Silver Medal by Jiajing emperor and gold medal byPanama International Exposition for its "Tangbi, high fragrance, thick juice andmellow taste"; Black is the "Pearl of inkstone country" - Longwei inkstone. Asearly as in the Tang Dynasty, it was famous for its "sound like copper, colorlike iron, strong and smooth nature, and good at solidifying ink". Later in theSouthern Tang Dynasty, Li Yu praised it as the "crown of the world"; white isJiangwan Sydney, with large fruit body, thick flesh, crisp and sweet, whichbelongs to the top grade of the fruit.

In ancient times, Wuyuan belonged to the boundary between Wu and Chu. Sincethe establishment of the county in the Tang Dynasty, Wen Fen has flourished,bringing up a generation of celebrities such as Zhu Xi, a master of NeoConfucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty, Jiang Yong, a Confucian scholar inthe Qing Dynasty, and Zhan Tianyou, a master of modern railway engineering. Fromthe Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, 550 Jinshi were admitted to the county. Inthe Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was said that there were nine Jinshi in oneschool and six four Shangshu.

Today, we are going to visit the famous ancient villages and Hui stylebuildings in Wuyuan. Speaking of this, our group members may have a question,that is, why we use the word "Hui" in Anhui to name Wuyuan. This is becauseWuyuan was originally owned by Jiangxi Province when the county was built in theTang Dynasty, but later it was assigned to Anhui in the change of Dynasty, butit was re assigned to Jiang River in modern times West. Although the place iszoned back, whether it is Wuyuan natives or tourists from other provinces, theyhabitually call these buildings and living habits Hui Style Architecture and Huistyle culture. There are many features of these Hui style buildings we are goingto visit, which can not be explained clearly in a few words. However, any houseabides by the basic style of "white walls, dark tiles, cornices and berms".White wall, black tile, both sides are high seal fire wall, also known as "horsehead wall". And the owners of these houses are generally two kinds of people:one is "official", Huizhou has many scholars since ancient times, so it isnecessary to study when the place is poor. After ten years of hard work, mostofficials will build official residences in their hometown to honor theirancestors. The other is businessmen. Because there are too many mountains andtoo few fields in this area to support so many people. When men are 12 or 3years old, many of them go out to make a living and do business. Because of thepopularity of the ceremony of Zhu Zi in Wuyuan, many celebrities have beenfamous since ancient times. They have been influenced by culture and moralitysince childhood. They pay great attention to honesty and diligence when doingbusiness abroad. Many of them have become rich. After they get rich, they willgo back to their hometown to build houses and integrate their dreams into theconstruction of houses. But in ancient times, the status of businessmen was verylow. As the saying goes, "people are divided into three schools and nineschools". Businessmen are not even nine schools. Therefore, their houses werebuilt with luxurious style, which is quite different from those of officials.These differences can make people distinguish the identity and status of thedirector at a glance from the gate. Well leave these to the scenic spots toexplain one by one. Having said that, I have a question for all of us. As I saidbefore, Wuyuan has had many officials since ancient times, so who is the biggestofficial? This person is Jiang Zemin, who is very familiar with our leaguemembers and who we often see on TV - the third generation leader of our country.You must think strangely: isnt Jiang Zemin from Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province?This topic has to start with Jiang Zemins grandfathers grandfather. At thattime, after his ancestor got the title, he took office in Yangzhou and stayed inYangzhou without coming back. However, on May 29, 20__, Jiang Zemin went all theway back to his hometown, Wuyuan, where he inspected the ecological and culturalenvironment, and went to Jiangwan to visit many of Jiangs relatives.